Contents of the Golden Age

SotllL iX'j Fb"!~ ITIOKAL

rr CfijchNSEs” , . , . ,   ........... 323

As e Historian Sees Us ... .   ............ 32S

T'. o Cnre F.>1 -Otplrina . ,        ...        .... X5

A Eecttu r.^co_an.tj<jn of Xul.L c I         ...         .    . 329

Uivixcr—Co’"' e’c ’ ’i stortatt , AL'-'-niobilc industry .....   ......   .... J29

Am-ixan's Tn st De tci- Turns ............. .‘>2'2 Hi twill of the V/ooln^rtli ^<''>t_l,iv3 .       .         ...

Cj/.k”>ie of Bans: 1 allures >r. > ■ r                   .... 330

What W’m. the Gbeat Laws-St, Jawv. k ,tt so l<i. .a rsiojiscT Mean ? ................... 333 Extbagts »om “Lettebs to Ju»b” .............. 338

Political—Domestic aw Kobeigk

“What Evbby Vetep.au Knows” ............. 827

Judge Kenyon a Credit to His Country .......... 828

Why Object to a New Trial? .............. 328

From the Atlanta Georgian ............... 329

Free Speech in Kentucky ................ 330

Judge KavaRagh’s Conclusions .............. 330

Wtat the U. S. Mad Already Given ............ 331

Atttffipts at BevGluttoa Fail .............. 332

Campoisw la Misery ................. 333

WAWSBM A Basus Fnusou ................ 3>10

AflKIOULWRB ASO HesgASW

What Has Beaune of the Timber                             830

‘ Increased Acreage ®f Small Fruits ............Mt

Growth of The Date Industry ....... ........ 881

-           Turn m Mis-cxiaa&’x

&sju «       Seaora ............... 335

Ukekhost akd Philosophy

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Buhjs       ans Asfsvnsse ...........

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....... (Mita street, Wbwarsss. AwstraBa tea® Swesst, capgtewg Swtis Afrieu aa g®0atl-steis m«« »t StMkjft »«te; the off Man* 1870

The Golden Age

V®ham© VIII                         UnsoWyiSj N. Y._? Wedaiesday^ Fe'hr?aa.ry 23_s 1927                        bashes' 194

’’Pattern et Circenses^

PANEM ET CIRCENSES, “Brpad and the Circus,” was the cry of the Roman populace of old. They wanted but two things, food for their stomachs and palliatives for their minds. They did not want real food for their minds. They did not want truth, they wanted excitement—to see men and animals engaged in killing’ one another. And it has 'been ever thus.

Today the world is sports mad. The apostle prophesied that in the last days men would be lovers of pleasure more than lovers of God, and if it is not true now it never will be true. Because certain sports occupy so large a place _in the public jnind, we give some sjiace in this is. sue to items about them,. Judging from the space which they occupy in the public press, sports and crime are the two subjects which principally engage the attention of the people today- *                                 _{a o}

As far as the people are concerned, their interest in sport is mostly mental. They do not personally participate in the games. They merely see them or read about them. They get little more exercise out of a football game than they ; 'do from a game of Mah Jongg, a cross-word jraole, or the eight pages of so-called comics for which most people buy the Sunday paper.

’ So well did the Greeks understand the demand of the people for excitement that they vir-

‘ tually ruled the country for seventeen hundred ’ years by means of the quadrennial Olympic games, the principal band which held the conn

; ■ try together. These games, after 1500 years of ^: discontinuance, were revived and made inteww ; tional In character in 1896. The last one was , held in Paris in 1924. The next one will be held ; in Amsterdam in 1928.

, The modem Olympic games make & strong 5 play upon the imagination. Forty-five nations J sent contestants to the last one. The United ’ States had 320 performers, France had 180 and ‘ Great Britain IM Altogether 2,000 athletes ’ >ere arrayed in competition. It was alleged that the revival of these games would promote international peace; but jealousies, quarrels and general ill-feeling seem to have been promoted instead.

Some idea of the hold that the American pastime of prize fighting has en the minds of many' was revealed by the Dempsey-Tunney fight in Philadelphia, when about 200,000 people paid approximately $2,500,000 to sit in a pouring rain and watch one plug-ugly beat up another. It is said that about 700 newspaper men circled the ring, every quarter of the globe being represented. On this point the New York Americs* said:

The late Ur. Barnum w entirely too moderate in his calculations that one fa born every minute. The birthrate fa at least one a second.

Athletic* and Gymnastic*

THE ancient Greek gymnast was a trainer of professional athletes and was also one himself, Ancient Greek cities had large public buildings and grounds set apart for the training of youth in athletic exercises. During the middle ages young men were given a thorough training in running, leaping and throwing of weights, so that they might learn to wear the heavy armor of the period and do something worth while after they got into it

Gymnastics and athletics develop courage, prompt decision, self-control, judgment, self-reliance and fortitude. No person can be & great athlete and devoted to any form of immorality; nevertheless, as any good thing can be overdone and made an injury, so with athletics. Moderate recreation in the open air is the best fdftn of exercise. ’ \

The Marathon Race, and other forms of exercise which make a great strain upon the heart, should be abandoned. Properly mankind remembers the original Marathon runner, who ran the twenty-six miles from Marathon to

Athens, and saved the city by telling the route by which the Persians were coming. But it should not be forgotten that when he had told his story he fell dead.

Great athletes go to pieces at an early age. They concentrate upon their hearts and lungs in a brief period of time the strains which should be extended over many years. Generally, when they should he in their prime, they are fat, flaVby and feeble. Especially are the young injured by the overstraining of their immature hearts.                           '

Probably the strongest of modern men'was Sandow. As a child he was a weakling, but by the study of anatomy and the scientific development of his museles-he demonstrated repeatedly his ability to support thirty-two people on his back. Burglars who Woke into his house in London recognized him asleep and fled in fright, leaving al behind them. Sandow burst a blood vessel in his brain as a result of lifting an auto-mqpla single-handed from a ditch.

"There are four secrete to lifting heavy weights without injury: (1) Keeping the weight cluse to the body; (2) making use of the leg musetes to do the lifting; (3) dividing and balancing the weight; (W) trying to get the weight above or on top of one^s own. The strongest musd.es in the body are the heavy thigh muscles and the shoulder muscles, not those of the beck; and this fact should be ridered always in lifting. It is better to bend _ the knees than to break the back.

< Measurements of an all-around athlete are: Height, 5 feet 10 indies; weight, 155 pounds; chest, 39 inches; waist, 29 inches; hips, 37 inches; thighs, 22 inches; calves, 14*4 inches.

A surgeon points out that the great majority of surgical operations reveal ptosis (drooping of the muscles) of the contents of the abdominal cavity, and that many operations could be avoided if all persons would periodically scrub ' floors, walk on all fours, or turn a dozen somer-> saults a month. In lieu of all these a good shak-’ tag on® a month is helpftfl.

Writing <ttri           ‘

E PUT walking and golf together, for the reason that golf is largely a pleasant walk

in the fields. The chasing of a golf ball around is merely an item that leads to the pleasure of the pastime. Golf has been played in Scotland 'for four hundred years, and in America since September, 1796.

Walking is the one form of exercise that best meets the requirements of the body. It is mild, can be easily regulated, and requires no external apparatus. It strengthens the muscles, expands the chest, arouses the appetite, improves the digestion, reduces superflous weight and accelerates the elimination of waste products. A smart walk in winter air is a tonic.

Walking employs the largest muscles in the body. Place your hand upon the muscles in the small of your back, then take a few steps, and you will see how walking works the important muscles of the back. Curiously enough, walking is said to be the best cure for fallen arches, Mail carriers, who must walk in the open air constantly, seldom have any trouble with fallen arches, .

Walking in a crowded city street and dodging automobiles is good sport In congested dis* tricts the walker can make almost as good time as a car. Statistics show that walkers average 8.7 miles an hour, surf a® ears 4.1 miles an hour, motor buses 4,5 miles an hourund private auto* mobiles 5.7 miles an hour, in crowded district*

In 1922 au English lad ten years of age,. Master G« O. Edwards, distinguished himself by walking fromLontkm id Brighton, a dhton® of fifty miles; and to December, 1905 a society woman athlete won a wager by walking 44 miles from Providence to her home in Boston in exactly 11 hours and 5 minutes. She stood the trip better than the two men who accompanied her as escort

Tita Gm of FwtW

O ONE has ever claimed that there is anything refined about football; but it is considered good training for a young man, if he survives it. He learns to sink his desires for personal glory out of sight in the interests of his team, to obey orders promptly and implicitly, and to take without whining the blows and braises which he is apt to get He learns team work.

The crowds that gather to witness foofbal games grow ever and ever larger. In the United States they often run to thirty, sixty, eighty and even to one hundred and ten thousand. In London three years ago a thousand persons were injured in the effort to crowd into the Wembley

Stadium at the close of the football season.

It used to be said that colleges looked with indulgence upon football games because they advertised the colleges. But now the colleges are running over with students, and yet the football program is more extensive and expensive than ever. In many colleges there are hired football players; and a trained and efficient cheer leader is more appreciated by the students than a suitable president of the institution itself.

President J. B. Angell, of Yale University, says:

Many parents who sead boys to college would rather that a son of theirs he captain of the fcolball team than that he he the highest stand man in his class. Kot only is the fame of the former far more widely heralded, but there is. also an impression, quite unfounded on any facts known to me, that a football player, regardless of his seMarlj qualities, is more apt to prove a valuable citizen, achieving in after life leadership of a high sad important social character.

Oddly enough, elephants play football in the jungles of Africa, forming the ball out of the earth taken from an anthill.                   ■

⁰

The Goat of Baseball                       '

ASEBALL is said to be of Indian origin, but took its present form in New York about eighty years ago. At present there are 75,000 post offices in the United States; but there are perhaps double that number of ball clubs. Baseball, as played in the big leagues, is purely a business proposition.

In all the large cities there are steel and concrete structures which cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. It is expensive to maintain these buildings and to care for the grounds about them. The players themselves are the biggest item. The Detroit Club pays Ty Cobb $60,000 a year; the New York Club pays Babe Buth $50,000 a year, Many other players enjoy salaries as high as $20,000 a year.

The sale of baseball players as commodities eventually led some of the players to yield to the same kind of temptation and selling themselves. Certain Chicago players were accused of selling out in the championship baseball series of 1919. Thereupon Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis was elected supreme dictator of baseball for seven years, at a total salary of $297,000, to reestablish public confidence; and the judge also retains Ms place and salary as a

Federal Judge in the meantime. This shows the great importance that big business attaches to keeping the mind of the common man active on-non-essentials. When thinking of baseball his mind is off from public utilities.                _;

Notwithstanding the periodic baseball “scan*] dais,” enthusiasm in the main has been marvelously sustained. Every season some city goes wild over its baseball heroes. In Pittsburgh, in 1925 the 600 prisoners in the county jail became so enthusiastic when Pittsburgh won that they disobeyed a rule against demonstrations and lost their radio privileges for a time. In Washington, D. C., a year earlier, dignified statesmen wept for joy, police assisted motorists to break traffic rules, autos stood in safety zones and pedestrians in the street, women assumed male garb and men assumed female garb, and all together acted insane. St. Louis had its time of delirium in 1926.                                '

The baseball fever has spread to Bradl, where it is now all the rage; and to Yucatan, where the government has introduced it in the hope of bettering the minds and bodies of the Indians transported there from Northwestern Mexico.

The father of professional baseball was Harry Wright, a great British cricket player, who came to America to teach cricket but succumbed to the lure of the then comparatively new American game.

* Great progress has been made in recent years in the perfection of baseball equipment. It is said that it often takes a critical examination of an entire earload of ash wood to find the right kind of piece for one first-class baseball bat.

The Sport of Sunmmtngi

ONLY eight persons haw ever succeeded in swimming that terbulent body of water, the

English Channel; although 3,000 have made the attempt. The distance is only twenty miles, but currents change so often that only a rare combination of good weather, skOl. strength, determination and endurance males it possible. The first to succeed was Captain Matthew Webb, in 1875, who swam across in 21 hours and 45 minutes. William Burgess succeeded only on his twenty-third attempt.

In 1926 Gertrude Ederle of New York City swam across, under adverse conditions, in 14 hours and 31 nmutes—the first woman rar

perform the fash. X few days later another American woman, Mrs. Clendngton Corson, the mother of two children, accomplished the same feat in 15 hours rnd 28 minutes. Both of these women crossed in less time than did any of the five men who had preceded them; but a few days later Ernst Vierkoetter crossed in the record time of J 2 hours and 45 minutes. He stTuM at night and had an unusually calm sea.

G i Miss Ecierie’s return to New Fork she re-ceiwd the gi’edieist ovation md-esded to any person that ever entered the city. Mrs. Corson on her return also received an ovation, at which time she summed up her view of her own experience with the teinark, ^KJ had to make Su re i wney fen my kids; mt I would not do it ag < o An a million dollars.'” fine ’water in the Chax xiel is bitterly cold the irritates the eyes, and even in good weather a swimmer is liable to get nausea after a time.

Three years ago a Cleveland man swam across Lake Erie, making the thirty-three milra from Point Pelce to Lorain In 20 hours and 15 minutes. His legs were partially and temporarily paralyzed by the feat. In September, 1926, a boy of seventeen and h^;s sister of sixteen, off Ocean City, saved their father and six other men by swimming a three-mile race to summon aid for an overturned fishing boat.

Berlin has projected or completed an arfficial swimming pool 125 by 330 feet, with an artificial beach 48 feet in width, wanned by hot air conduits beneath the sand. Palms, poll al plants and fountains aid the illusion of nature. The whole is covered with glass, and v^rannod. On bright days the natural sun floods the place with light. On cloudy days artificial suns produce the same result. A. bath in this elegant establishment costs eight cents.

Akin to swimming is surf-riding, bat the only known place where it can be done successfully for long distances is at Waikiki Beach, in the Hawaiian Islands. It has been rediscovered that there is a way for a person to balance himself in the water, in either a standing or a sitting posture, based on the principle that the human body is one-eleventh lighter than the fresh water it can be forced to displace, and one-tenth lighter than salt water. Swimming is a healthy sport.. Sweden has decreed that everybody must leaxn to swim.

T&g So-Called Spmd &f EulMgMing

/XNCE popular is Greece and Rome, the bull-fight is alleged to have been introduced into Spain by the Moors; but the Moors themselves deny this, and point to their fondness for their animals as proof that they could never have been responsible for such an inhuman sport.

Many Spaniards disapprove of the bullfight; but the arenas whkh seat 13,000 people and upwards are never unfilled, in Madrid, Barcelona or Seville. The Muira balls of Seville, famous for their ferocity, are most in demand. The horses fim Hio picadores are bought up weeks ahead rac kept ^;n virtual -taxation until tra fatal d. y a...nves.

There are ram kinds of Lui’ igh era, who enter the aiena in pio-p-erane older: (l) Capes lores, In, •>« ous’ucss it ’s to J.ies& in red capes? and dance in iront of the bull, to gut the bull enraged; (2) p’cadores, mounted im n, flho ride blindfolded horses and jab the bull with spears, first or. this side and then on that, until he is coverca with wounds; (3) banderilleros, footmen, who jab steel baibs, with pinwheel® attached, into the wounds already made by the spears, or into fresh wounds; then (4) the matador, who, after further tormenting the bull with a red flag, finally buries his sword to the hilt between the animal’s shoulder blades, piercing the heart.

Before entering the arena the capeadores, pica do res, banderilleros and matadores go to “chapel” win? re they “pray” co some'filing or other that is ,-><ippose I to have au interest in the ungodly and beastly affair, and c specially in the fi^hte'g themselves. Pining the bullfight the beautiful wocran in the hox.es shower flowers upon their ran.fc fighters, the band playu triumphantly, nod I'veu body seems happy while the htril is beu g tortured.

The torturing and killing of each bull takes about fifteen minutes. From eight to fifteen bulls constitute an afieraooris “onteitafmnenffi Occasionally a bull squares the account with his tormentors, so that the average length of a bullfighter’s career does not exceed five years. The blindfolded horses of the picadores are often gored to death.

Bullfighting is as well established in Meris© as in Spain. In Mexico City there are Img® amphitheatres constructed of iron, which represent as large an investment as .New York’s largest auditorium, and built especially for bullfighting. In Vera Cruz, when scores were dying of starvation every day, the people were always able to find means to keep the bullfights going on Sunday.

There are occasional bullfights in Italy and in France, representing the desire of certain Spaniards to extend their national sport elsewhere. There have been strenuous attempts to arrange a bullfight in New York, but New York is too highly civilized and too much interested in human prize fighting to permit it.

Sports that are Passing

HE canoe is an invention of the North American Indian, and was a vehicle ideally adapted to his wild life. With the passing of the Indian there was great interest in canoeing for a time, along about 1870, in both Europe and America; but the interest has largely died out. Archery also flared up and died out at about the same time.

Hunting is dying out, partly due to the killing off of the wild game and partly due to the killing off of the hunters themselves. In the United States in one year there have been as many as 1,300 fatal accidents to hunters.

In 1923 there died in Great Britain an English peer who between 1867 and 1913 had slain 11. tigers, 12 buffaloes, 2 rhiuoceri, 222,976 pheasants, 112,598 partridges. 79,320 grouse, 3,452 wild duck, 34,118 rabbits and 30,280 hares. This man, who took the life of half a million living creatures, did it for fun. He had nothing doe to do. Men like him. have destroyed the immensely interesting wild life of the world. The British "nobility” still practise the barbarism of fox hunting. What they can see interesting in releasing from captivity a frightened fox or hare, and racing after it to see it torn to pieces by hounds, is a problem. The shooting of live pigeons at Monte Carlo has been abandoned.

There is occasionally a recrudescence of cockfighting. In 1922 eighty-one men were arrested near Springfield, Mass., and fined $1,215, for staging a three-ring cocking main in a tobacco barn. In 1926, in the Peak district of Derbyshire, England, cockfighting was being carried on in great secrecy, but with all the old-time cruelties—the natural spurs of the birds being replaced with steel spurs sharpened to a dagger point. Some of the game birds fought for as much as an hour and a half before being destroyed.

* Horse-racing has largely, but not altogether, passed away in the United States; indeed, the horse itself has largely passed. In its heyday horse racing was a paradise for gamblers, crooks and the lowest and worst elements of society. It still has some standing in England, but that is only because it is old. Anything that is old in England is reverenced there because of age—not because of any virtues it may have. That is the only reason why England tolerates its mock nobility and mock ecclesiasticisin. And, by the way, these arc two other games that are passing. The noble and the dominie are passing out together, and the world will be well rid of them both.

“What Every Veteran Knows”

AH uiilton Gibbs, Major of Artillery in the

• World War, in a magazine article under the foregoing heading says in. part:

Of course, now the Unknown Soldier is enviably enshrined in marble in the capitals of many nations; and statesmen and generals bear him. official wreaths and orations—which is as it should be. But before that the Unknown Soldier, lousy and soul-battered, went over the top and stopped a shell. The chances are that he didn’t die at once. He probably lay there far hours, pursuing his way through motionless aeons of pain, calling on Jesus to put him out of his agony and let him die. In the last show, you remember, you and I passed hundreds of them as they lay screaming and disembov eled. IVe hadn’t lime to stop and try to bandage tnem. There was a war on and so we had to pretend not to hear them. But we can still hear them at night sometimes.

The trouble is that nations, like individuals, 'do not like to admit having made fools of themselves ; and though we are all united in declaring war a crime and, more importantly, that it does not pay, yet there is no one nation with courage enough and brains enough to make the gesture of chucking the lethal weapons away and to announce that it intends to sink or swim on a peace plank.

World News Digest

[Radiocast from Station WBBR a wave length of 416,4 meters by the Editor.]

Judge Kenyon a Credit to Bis Country TpVERYBODY who has followed his career ■*U knows that Judge Kenyon, formerly United States Senator from Iowa, is an honest man. When the Teapot Dome oil lease came before him he at once cancelled the lease, rebuked the judge that had upheld it, and declared what everybody knows to be the truth; namely, that a trail of deceit, falsehood, subterfuge and corruption runs through the transactions incident to the making of that lease. The stable door is leaked at last

GnKty or No« Guilty

WHETHER Senator Fall and Edward Doheny are technically guilty or innocent of conspiracy to defraud the government in the leasing of-the Elk Hills naval oil reserve in California, nothing can change the stern facts that President Harding transferred the navy oil reserves from the Navy Department to the tender care of the Secretary of the Interior only three months after Mr. Fall assumed that office. Then five months later Mr. Doheny made his mysterious loan of $100,(MX) to the said Secretary, Mr. Fall; and for some inscrutable reason gent it in cash in the famous black satchel. Another interval of thirteen months, and the oil reserves were turned over to Mr. Doheny. And after four months more Mr. Fall left the cabinet and purchased the finest ranch in New Mexico, while Mr. Doheny proceeded to clean up $100,-(MX),000.

As a Bistorim -Sris Vs

Johh H. L&tas'e, professor of American history at Johns Hopkins University, is reported in the Baltimore New as haring said of Americans:

We profs® gut moral superiority to the rest of ths earth, and just after we have gone through the rottenwi period of moral corruption, in political administration any eivihzed country has ever seen, with the participants dill sb Mal, and when we have more murders than my other nation on earth.

W Jp Object to « New Trial?

IU VIEW of the fact that workingmen all over he world are as fully convinced cf the inno-con.ee of Sacco and Venzetti as they are convinced of the guilt of the recent head of the department of Justice, and in view of the fact that there is much evidence and new evidence to show that these men did not have a fair trial, one wonders what possible objection there could be to giving these men a new trial before another judge. Justice itself demands it, and wisdom would seem to say that it is only the decent and reasonable thing to do.

The Csre of Balt Orphan®

HE modern and humane method of earing for half orphans in their own homes is a success. In 1923 New York City spent $28.40 a. month to care for each child sent to a public institution, but only'"a little more than $15 a month was spent in keeping dependent half orphans in their own homes. Moreover, institutional life is injurious if not almost ruinous to growing children.

Nw Torffe Thirty Milan OoUar Court-Batten

W YORK county has a new $30,000,» court-house, a great building, hexagonal in form, which occupies the area bounded by Centre, Worth, Baxter and Pearl Streets. The building has been in .process of construction for about thirteen years. The floors are covered with cork. Ventilation is obtained through windows opening on interior courts, so that it will never be necessary to let exterior noises into any of the forty-three court rooms. The construction is of steel and granite, with marble trim for doorways, columns, bases, etc.

Uinte&wra m Bell Make Bad Showing

STATISTICS from Sing Sing show that unbelievers in hell make a bad showing among residents there. Out of 14S>2 prisoners there are only seven who do not profess membership in some religious denomination, and it is well known that, to most minds, religion means merely a fear of hell It looks very much as if the fear of hell had little to do with keeping a man out of Sing Sing. How would it do to tell the truth about hell, that it means merely the grave, and never did mean anything else? If the believers in hell go to prison and those who do not believe in it stay out, looks as if telling the truth might depopulate some of the prisons. And it woM

A Belated Beeo^nitmt of Manfewf

WHEN two Nevada convicts were burned to death fighting forest fires in the interests of their fellow men, the state placed in their eoSias pardons which it dated back prior to the day of their martyrdom. It was better than nothing. Bat the faces of the men were good faces. They make one wonder if the judges who sentenced these men would have had the courage and the manhood to do what they did in the interests of others.

From the Atlanta Ceorytan

THE Atlanta Georgian in a recent editorial made the following interesting observation:

It is just as well to face facts. There never has been a Christian nation in the vol Id. Every nation is founded upon force. No nation is willing to ten the other check. What would happen to a truly and completely Christian nation ammig the wolfish nations of the world to an interesting matter of speculation,

Uataw*? FMitie®

DOBING the past twenty years, according to the United States Chamber of Commerce, more than 165,000 persons met their deaths on American streets and highways in automobile accidents- Continuance of merely present fatality rate would swell this total by more than a half a million fatalities during the next twenty years, but if the present annual increase of 10 percent is maintained the total number of fatalities in the period will be more than 1,000,000.

Conditions in Detroit

TIE Detroit Free Press calls attention to the fact that in thirty days recently in Greater Detroit, twenty-eight pedestrians were run down and killed by automobiles, there were thirteen murders, three banks were robbed, and ninety persons were held up on the streets or in stores. The Free Press observes that it is a very obtuse person who cannot see that the United States is approaching a general breakdown of its machinery against crime and against disregard for human life.

If You Are in a Hurry

TF YOU arc in a hurry to get from New York * to San Francisco you can now leave New York at 9.30 Thursday night, change ears at Buffalo and change again at Chicago and arrive in San Francisco or Los Angeles at 9.00 o’stock Monday morning. On the return trip the Coast cities are left at 6.00 o’clock in the evening and New York is reached at 9.40 in the morning. No change at Buffalo is necessary on the ret or© « trip. This three-day service between points over three thousand miles, apart is the banner raiL road service of the world. But mail planes make the trip in less than thirty hoars.

Pint De Luxe Train®               •

THE first De Luxe trains in. America we» run on the Chicago and Alton .Railroad, between Chicago and St. Louis. This was the first railroad to put on a Pullman sleeping ear, and the first to put on a regular dining ear. The first ^J Pullman, The Pioneer, went into service in the year 1865. It was built at what was then considered the staggering cost of $20,000. Mr. . Pullman sold the tickets personally, and put tv/o. I men into a bed, whether or no.

Sa^er-Posser Xonoyoiy Very                  ,

HOW near the country is to its great superpower monopoly may be judged from the ^? fact that power has already been interchanged _t between Boston and Chicago. Over 66% of the power industry of the country, capitalized altogether at about eight billion dollars, now rests in the hands of thirteen groups; and inasmuch as it is to their interest to unite and thus reduce expenses and increase profits, we opine that the grand merger is not far off. At the present time there is a greater development of water power projects going on than at any other time in the history of the country. These are all bound to go into the super-power project, sooner or later. The thing not yet finally decided is whether the super-power monopoly will be -owned by the people and be their servant, or whether super-power financiers will be the owners and the people will be the servant.

Agricultural Centers Badly Bit

A LEAFLET circulated in Des Moines declares that there are 10,000 unemployed men in the city, that office buildings that formerly employed five and six elevator men are now using one or two girls, that there are 500 empty store buildings, and several million dollars de* linquent rent in the loop district. .

of Bank Closures In tea

ONDITIONS must be getting painfully hart? in the agricultural districts of lows *hen nineteen banks in two counties close th»_ir doors in one day. The banks are closed until eighty percent of the depositors sign waivers, agreeing to leave their money in the bank. In other words, the depositors continue to carry the business men of the town, while the business men carry the farmers in the territory round about. Who will carry the depositors when they get to the point where they have to have their money is a thing yet to be learned.

Growth of National City Bank

Y THE increase of its capital from $115,000,000 to $140,000,000, the National City

Bank, of New York, which has been for years the largest bank in the United States in point of capital, surplus and undivided profits, has become the largest bank in the world. Prior to this increase there were three larger banks in England—The Midland, Lloyd’s and Barclay’s. The assets of the National City are put at $1,281,494,000. It is the only American bank with assets of over $1,000,(XX),000.

Growth of the Woolworth Stores

STARTING with a ten-cent store in Watertown, New York, the Woolworth Company now have 1423 stores in operation, from which the sales last year were $239,032,946. The company has just issued to its stockholders a fifty percent stock dividend, of an estimated market value of $165,000,000. The sales of the Woolworth stores are now about three times what they were only tea years ago.

What Bas Become of the Timber

JIREE hundred years ago there were 822,000,000 acres of standing timber in what is now the United States. Approximately 43% of this area is now devoted to agricultural purposes j 10% is waste land, producing nothing; 16% is capable of producing a considerable quantity of timber fit for low-grade uses, while 31% has either virgin timber or second growth which is now large enough for saw togs. Reforestation on a large scale is imperative if present supplies are to last more than a generation longer. .

Farm Work Briny Standardised

i^lARM work is being standardised, On the ■ dairy farm the milking machine, with the aid of power, does the work of six men. In the corn fields the corn picker takes away the human labor and puts it on the machine, as does the hay elevator in the hay field. Potatoes, beans and beets are planted, cultivated and harvested by tractor. The hay drier, which can be used in any kind of weather, is in sight Man is being displaced by the machine.

Free Speech in Kentucky

WO men in Kentucky, a Negro and a white man, were found guilty of committing the same kind of crime. The Negro was sentenced to death and the white man was adjudged insane. The victim in the latter instance was an eleven-year-old. Negro girl. A Kentucky editor, a Negro, published an editorial charging Kentucky courts with being prejudiced against Negroes. The two editors of the paper were fined $250 each, and a further fine of $250 was levied against the printing company. ,

Judge Raamagi’i Conclusions

IN THE hope of spurring Americans to a higher regard for human life, Gudgc Kavanagh, of the Chicago bench, points out tire shameful fact that only one out of every six murderers in the United States is ever apprehended, only half of them are ever convicted, and only ten percent of those who are convicted ever die for tire crimes of which they are guilty.

As to Salaries far Judges

HE Chamber of Commerce of the United

States is agitating for larger salaries for judges,, on the ground that the salaries of judges in England, Scotland, Ireland, India and South America are in many eases twice the salaries paid for similar positions in the United States. This agitation to make judgeships money-making propositions does not appeal to us. Men who make large earnings are Hable to let their sympathies all run toward those who have much and to forget those who have little. It is an old saying that “money loves money**. The judges are friendly enough toward the rich now; the larger their salaries the more friendly they will become, and the less chance the common maa mU have of getting simple justice. The Chamber of Conunergc makes the singular suggestion that ‘low salaries constitute a menace to the administration of justice”. It would be interesting to know what they mean by that

jft»t <»®f Along ob One Fiat

¥ A FIVE to four decision the Supreme

Court has held that a dorter may not prescribe to any one person more than one pint of whisky every ten days. Looks as if this would make it necessary for some men to change phy* gieiaus every few days, or else establish a eir-cnit like the old-time circuit rider who, by the way, it is now learned was not infrequently a purveyor of those same liquid refreshments as he went from place to place.

WW the U. & Bss Alrewlg Gfoen

Ms. Gwacas W. Hrsramr, financial writer of

the New York Amenta#, declares that America has already sacrificed to European debtors from twenty to thirty billions of dollars, after every possible allowance permitted, by the most merciful and generous tanking practice. The sum Unde Sam hopes to recover is about twenty-two biffions, spread out over sixty-two years. Mr. Hinman states that no weUtinfomed person, in business or out, believes that Germany can or will meet her annual payments of $625,000,060 a year to the Allies, or that they can or will meet their annual payments of $355,000,(MX) to Unde Sam. In other words, Uncle Sam has thrown virtually all of the approximately fifty billions into the sewer and may as well bid it good bye.

of Sden Arren&em&ti k>« Bast

HE Scriptures show that for 1655 years after man’s creation it did not rain upon the earth, but a mist went up from the face of the earth and watered the garden of Eden. That this was the best possible arrangement seems suggested by a recent bulletin of the U. 8. De-parmeut of Agriculture, in which xt is shown that the torrential rains of this climate carry sway every year about 126 billion pounds of plant-food material, an amount twenty times as great as is taken up by the crops themselves. In one instance, in Missouri, careful records showed that seven inches of topsoil were washed out of a cornfield in twenty-four years.

Increased Acreage of Smcdl Fraite

ISPATCIIES from the (hark regions show that for 1927 there is planned a 50 percent increase in acreage of grapes and strawberries. This move of the people toward the eonsomp-tion of more and ever more fruit is certainly one of the things, and we think the principal thingy which accounts for the greatly increased length of life of the people over a generation ago.

Growth of tie

LTHOUGH the date industry in the United

States is only twenty-five years old, there are millions of American families who now got their supplies of dates from American trees. There are about three hundred varieties cultivated in California, but they fall mostly into four classes: The extremely soft, eaten directly from the tree; the medium soft; the hard; and the Degleet Noor, a fim and .finely-flavored date which is in a class by itself.

few?« Quant£ttes @f Et/ergttmg

Sscwt-ABT Hoovw reports that compared with the basic year of 1919, the quantity (not value) of goods manufactured in the United States in 1926 was 26% more, mineral production 32% more, forest production 24% more, electrical power production 79% more, freight tonnage 20% more, and building contracts 42% more. In the matter of sales department stores show 33% more, five-and-ten-eent stores 119% more, and mall order houses 22% more; bit wholesale trade is 15% less.

iSwtfwte Indians Sw for Peace

HE Seminole Indians, the first inhabitants

of Florida, have finally recognized the

United States Government, which hitherto they have steadfastly refused to do, on the ground that, as they tersely put the matter, "White man no good, lie too much.” But with toe white man overrunning the whole state, and even now invading the Everglades, where the Seminole^ made their tost stand, there is nothing for the brave 30G to do tat surrender and ask fos United States citizenship. This they have done. For a hundred years the feninol® have » fused to forget that their warrior dhiefteis Oseeola was seized by the United States fw® while he was under the protection of a flag of truce.

of Revolution Fail

ALL attempts thus far made by the Roman ¹ Catholic church to bring about a revolution in Mexico have dismally failed. Only a few old Women paid any attention to the request for an economic boycott. When the priests in certain iflistriets incited rebellion, as among the Yaquis end elsewhere, the Calles government put the insurrection down and then concentrated the seditious priests in Mexico City, where they could be watched. Moreover, new and even more stringent clergy regulations are under way, limiting the number of clergy that may serve in any locality. Mexico is winning its fight for liberty and is apparently enjoying the fracas. The old combines of crooked churchmen, crooked politicians and crooked financiers are out of luck.

Mexican Labor Union Stand* Intact

THE Mexican Federation of Labor is the back-J- bone of the present government in Mexico. Accordingly, in its effort to bring about anarchy in Mexico, this has been one of the chief points ©f attack by the Boman Church. The attempt was made to bore inside, by starting a Catholic Labor Union. The result has been almost a total failure, only 22,374 workers gathering under the church’s bogus labor banner while ©ver 1,500,000 adhere to the old federation.

Alasktt* Growing Reindeer Industry

TpBOM a few reindeer imported into Alaska in * the last decade of the nineteenth century there axe now 350,000 animals in that country. Reindeer meat is now sold in Nome and St Michael at fifteen to twenty cents a pound. During th© year 1925 approximately 680,000 pounds ©f reindeer meat were shipped out of the country, and the quantity is increasing. The animals bring $10 to $12 a head for butchering purposes, and the average cost of raising them is not more than $1 a year each.

A LASICA is being rapidly mapped now. The A- work is being done with a precision that would not have been possible before the development of the airplane. During the last season a total of 35,000 square miles have been photographed. It is estimated that about 27,000 j^otographs of ths land beneath wem taken bg? airphnes in theb ffighfe. Thar’s haw tarn » accidents, and the pilots and photographers expect to return to their work in ^e spring.

The New Bridge to Canada

npHEBE are only four vehicular bridges crossing the Great Lakes water system, all the way from Duluth to the Gulf of St Lawrence,, a distance of 2,000 miles. Two of these are at Niagara Falls, one is at Lewiston and one at Montreal. In the spring of next year there will be a fifth one from Buffalo, New York, to Fort Erie, Ontario, just where the Niagara River leaves Lake Erie. The bridge is 100 feet in the clear above navigation.            ’

St. Lawrence Chosen as Waterway

HpHE joint Board of Engineers of the United -®- States and Canada has recommended the construction of a twenty-five foot waterway via the St Lawrence Biver, instead of through New York State, to carry the Great Lakes traffic to the ends of the earth. The cost, which will vary from ^350,000,000 to $650,000,000, according to the plan selected, is about a fifth of what would be required to bring the traffic by way of Albany into the port of New York. Moreover, the power generated will be about 5,000,000 horsepower, valued commercially at $100 to $150 per horsepower.

C&mymdons Ut Misery

IN ITS largest aspects the World War was a contest for industrial supremacy between Germany and Great Britain. It is no news to anybody now that both were the losers by the conflict; but the interesting fact is developed that on September 1st, 1926, in Germany, the number of unemployed receiving public relief was 1,549,000, while in Great Britain, on the same date, the number was 1,549,800. A million and a half men in each country are unable to exchange the products of each other, all because a few men went militarily insane.

Germany to Begin Liquefaction of Coal

ACCORDING to Dr. Friedrich C. R. Ber-gras of Heidelberg, discoverer of the Bev® gius process of turning coal into oil, the liquefaction of coal will be undertaken in Germany at one® on a huge scale. With the exception of anthracite, any grade of coal may be used. A’ ton of coal yields a net return of 104 gallons of ©ft, 45 gallons of which consist of gasoline.

What Will the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River-to-Ocean Project Mean ?

By Mel D. Shaw

THE Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Biver-to Atlantic Ocean project is an international undertaking between the United States and the Dominion of Canada, Though it is for the use of these two countries in particular, the world at large will also benefit by it,

It will bring the markets of the world to Lake Erip (Ohio’s front door), and to all the Groat Lakes ports, wherever ocean-going vessels of large dead weight tonnage, drawing thirty feet of water, could land. The Welland Canal connecting Lake Erie and Lake Ontario below Niagara Falls, now under construction and two-thirds completed by the Canadian government, and thirty-three miles of contraction work in the St. Lawrence River, agreed upon by the International Joint Commission Engineers, will, when completed, admit ocean vessels and convert Cleveland, Sandusky, Toledo, Detroit, Chicago, Milwaukee, Duluth and all other Great Lakes ports into world markets.

This project will also relieve the most congested railroad traffic sections in the United States. Ohio is from 650 to DOO miles from the Atlantic seaports, and as practically all western , traffic must cross Ohio by trank line railways '' to the Atlantic coast, freights are often so congested that it causes many days delay and excessive freight rates. '

This shows the necessity of drastic measures to relieve the congestion. The fundamental difficulty ties in the phenomenal growth of population and manufacturing industries throughout the Middle West and western states, a growth which the railroads have failed to keep pace with.

The solution of the problem lies in the utilization of every practical means of transportation. Here is this wonderful natural waterway, the St. Lawrence River and Great Lakes, extending from the Atlantic Ocean into the very heart of the continent; and the development of such a system of cooperation between the railways and waterways would bring the load the railroads have to carry within practicable limits and would give the West an additional route for its foreign and coastwise trade.

la this connection note the report issued recently by the Port Authority of New York which discloses the high transportation costs now imposed by the transfer of freight in New York harbor: “It costs more to carry a sack of potatoes ten miles in New York,” says the report, “than to ’haul it 1,100 miles from Michigan.” This situation can be relieved by the aforementioned project.

The bulk of the world’s shipping business is done by boats ranging from 3000 up to 8000 tons cargo capacity. Even a small boat can swallow up the load carried by six capacity-loaded freight trains, but a large boat is a veritable bottomless pit for freight That is why water rates are lower than rail. Although it is 11,000 miles from Melbourne, Australia, to Liverpool, England, the ruling wheat market of the world, yet the transportation rate on wheat is but forty cents a hundredweight. That means that you can move by water 100 pounds 275 miles for one cent!

The St. Lawrence and Great Lakes route would afford a material saving over any existing routes, between points in the territory economically tributary and points overseas.

Cincinnati is a sizable city in the Ohio valley. It used to be the center of the wheat industry, and still is a city of many interests and a good point from which to reckon rates. It taps the rich fam lands of Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky; and its rates measure their distance from the sea— from the world’s great markets. Using the New York-Liverpool yardstick (counting distance by freight rates), Cipcmnati is now as much as 7000 miles away s‘rov< u? nemert seaport, Baltimore. This Greet L&S (H^an Route would furnish a far eheapn outlet f.u her and would develop the gi.ckd a^wM-ral, mineral and industrial produriog dirirk: the world that is now marooned by th*-' d'M ^:.frvests of New York and CLktogo.

Possibly the              wi^p come to the

people through the err? cf to?.exportation, which will be toil-1 > d V h" m L> foreign commodities we          bn: < o.»o._:h '1 plea

sure trips imy then ’>• > 'fr rn ,<• w • of the world such as aw no oc? "■h except for the wealthy.

In 1923 the coUi-'rct of Nuiih Am.-rieo exported 465,CrtJ;Gtoj H. ;?’« of v h^Ato ^r. ’ ’ ■ v mild fill a train o«' rrc ‘ri.xi •n.k.^-'        to-41 car

loaded with i,2tw M/A-o T» totow wo?d , L such a train could     ddee*⁴/ m-.v-x tli- At

lantic Ocean by th. Shortest iouti\ t .trough the

334

Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River, as the engine was pulling into Liverpool Will Allen White would be extending his regards to his friends in England by the conductor before the caboose had even left Emporia, Kansas. Think of the annual saving in freight on this vast exportation, when the Great Lakes route to Europe is Opened up!

The coal reserves of the world consist of 7,685,000,000,000 tons, of which the United States alone holds better than forty-five percent. By far the larger share of this lies within the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence economic area, and now awaits the opening of the St. Lawrence seaway before it can be developed to the best advantage.

Tv only one states in the Mid West, marooned by the bigh cost of transportation, consume 2,746.000 tons of sugar annually. Estimating the excess cost of transportation on this product alone at $4 a ton, the St. Lawrence Ship Channel could save to the Mid West over $10,000,000 annually on this one item.

The 45,000,000 people living in the mid western area of the United States—the marooned section—consume each year approximately 300,000 tons ot coffee. If diis coffee were distributed from the Great Lakes ports instead of by rail from the Atlantic coast there would be an indicated saving to mid-western distributors and users amounting to $750,000 annually. The St. Lawrence seaway would make similar savings possible on all imports and exports.

According to the Census of Manufactures, 19:23, published by the Bureau of the Census, the value of the products of the states of Ohio, Indiana. Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota amounted to $18,784,468,715. These six stalos accounted for thirty one percent of the total value of products of the United States, which was $60,555,998,200—and the St Lawrence waterway will allow ocean steamers to enter the harbors of these six great states. Will there be inland cargoes available for these ocean vi ssels? Fil say so.

Less than one percent of our corn crop was exported in the year 1924, due to excessive transportation costs from the mid-western corn belts. If the St. Lawrence Ship Channel were in operation corn could be loaded and shipped direct to Europe at a saving of approximately ten cents per bushel over the present cost of

Brooklyn, N.

transportation. This would enable the cornbelt producer to market his product abroad in competition with the feed grains of western Europe and South America, and would take off the American market the surplus that so often brings loss to the grower.

During the entire fiscal year ending June 30, 1925, the traffic between the Atlantic and Pacific coasts passing through the Panama Canal amounted to 7,596,687 tons. This was only 1,389,699 tons more than even the present inadequate fourteen-foot St. Lawrence Canals were called upon to handle during their navigation season of only 234 days. And in 1924 the Great Lakes foreign traffic exceeded 13,711,000 tons— nearly 15 percent, in volume, of our total foreign trade in that year. This shows the necessity of put lung ahead vith the project of expanding the St. Lawrence-Great Lakes waterway.

Three things are essential to the success of any ship canal—water, ships and commerce. The St. Lawrence has the water; the Gieat Balms and the Atlantic have the ships and the commerce. Simply connect the two by a channel only thirty-three miles long, and you have a main ocean-going highway direct from the European continent into the very heart of America. Why not dig the ditch ? Cut the freight cost to the American farmer by ten or twelve cents a bushel and you increase his net profits anywhere from 25 to 100 percent. Dig the ditch! We dug the Panama Canal.

Canadian Official Statistics

CCORDING to figures issued by the Canadian Bureau of Statistics, the Welland and

St. Lawrence Canals handled the greatest tonnage in their histories during the navigation season of 1925. The traffic of the Welland Canal amounted to 5,640,298 tons, and the St. Lawrence Canals to 6,206,988 tons. These figures show an increase over 1924 of 602,866 tons for the former and 670,614 tons for the latter.

In 1925 the St. Lawrence Canal, with a depth of only fourteen feet and a navigation season of only 234 days, handled 325,297 tons more than did the Manchester Ship Canal, with a depth of twenty-eight feet and an open season during the entii'e year. The Manchester Ship Canal has been a great success. Does it seem reasonable to believe that the coming St. Lawrence waterway will be less successful?

The obstacles to the undertaking of the St. Lawrence waterway are being removed. The political opposition that centers in the city and harbor of Buffalo, in the city and harbor of New York, and in the Barge Canal political interests of the State of New York, has been out in the open, fighting for a reversal of the report of the special board of Army Engineers, and demanding that a report favorable to the proposed ship canal across the State of New York bo adopted. Anticipating failure in this they demanded, through Congressman Dempsey of New York, another survey of the Now York route, leading to New York harbor.

Very good to make a waterway from Lake Ontario to New York City, if it is feasible and practical But there have been since 1836 no less than twelve surveys of the New York route, made by the Board of Army Engineers, and they are all practically in accord; they agree that a ship canal could be built from Lake Ontario to the Hudson River, but they do not agree that such a route would be practicable. The St. Lawrence route is the one which nature chose to connect the Great Lakes with the Atlantic, and it is quite feasible to expand it.

This is the position taken by the Special Board, and is the object of attack by the rail interests and the politicians of New York. There are engineering facts in plenty. We need no more surveys. We must have no more delay! This is the message of the Great fjakes-St. Law-reuee Tidewater Association of twenty-one states which it addresses to the entire nation.

(I’ba Great 'tCfe-x-St Lawfenee TMewfo? Awetetwa is a voirotary awdattoa. ®f tweBtyrace sailer stags » socsated to asseiebte and dlfwminate helpful foforntaJoa in regard to the im^rorcmest of the St. Lawrence, to neet the Great Lakes wUk the aeesm. 33ie states repwwatM are as follow:

Oliio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, MiBscniri, North Dakota, Swath Dakota, Nebraska, Ksass, Oswado, Wyowlng, Montana. Mah«, Utah, <W gon, Strato Carolina, West Virginia, Kjaisdij’.

This seems to te a project dteeetiy ®nn«ted with to® maiewifam, anti one that w® £eei wre M certain to g® through. It will be a prfeetess been to the veEV—Editcr.]

Signs of Appre&ebiag Spring Bit N. Iferr?/

rpHU crispy days of February are here once more. As one takes a walk along the byways and lanes of the countryside he sees the passing of dismal winter and notices that signs of fresh life are beginning to make their appearance.

Here and there in certain sheltered, spots the wnt of sweet violets fills the air. On closer inspeetion the flower itself is seen, peeping out of the green leaves and grass among which ft nestles. It is a manifestation of the power of the Creator. Itself a Issson of lowliness, its fragrance reminds us of the refreshing effects of brotherly love.

Now the snowdrop, too, is raising its head in the cottage gardens, reminding us of purity and innoe-ewe. The crocus also adds its part to the evidence'that the winter is passing and that nature is being raised as it were to newness of life by the power of nature’s God.

Th® dandelion is seen sprouting forth fresh young leaves which contain tonte properties beneficial to the health of man, and which may he eaten as on® would eat water-cress or lettuce, ' resulting in increased energy and life to the consumer of this food of nature.

Even the birds overhead sing merrily, ss though they fully appreciate the passing of winter and the privilege of now being alive. These are positive evidences of approaching spring. All nature seems to borrow new hope and new happiness.

Those of us who know the plan of the great Creator rejoice in the knowledge that sobu mankind will emerge from the dark wintertime of trouble into the springtime of the Golden Age®, wherein they will see ever-increasing evidences of the Creator’s care and love. Then men’s hopes will revive, their fares will lighten, joy will fill their hearts, the resurrection power of God will be manifest; and as those whom they have loved and lost in death shall return, they will "obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away®.

Then the praises of Jehovah and His Christ will sound and resound throughout His. vast universe because of all the wonderful works whiA He has performed. Then mankind will haw reached the eternal summer of joy and happft ness in harmony with God.

Extracts from “Letters to Judd” By Upton Sinclair

rw« think that no one who has an ounce of brains can read the following selections fan Mr, Sinclair’s little book without pr»-foundest interest and an intense longing for the “desire of all nations.”—Ed.]

Mr. Roger W. Babson, who runs a big statistical bureau, presents figures of machine-produetion from w^Thich it appears that 13 important industries now average 88 times as much production as by hand-labor. Obviously, then, everybody in the country ought to be 88 times better off.

The total wealth of our country increased from 65 billions in 1890 to 320 billions in 1922; and as the workers didn’t get the difference, the rich must have. Here is what they admit having got, in their income tax statements, during four years 1921-1924. The number of fortunate ones who got more than $300,000 a year income increased from 246 to 773. The number of those with incomes between $100,000 and $300,000 increased from 2,106 to 4,921. The number with incomes between $25,000 and $100,000 increased from 37,663 to 62,158.

You take $350 in greenbacks and put them in 'the bank, and under our banking laws the banker can deposit those greenbacks with the Federal Reserve Bank, and receive a credit of $1,000; and then on the basis of that $1,000 he is legally permitted to lend out sums amounting to about $10,000 to other customers of the bank, In other words, $350 deposited by a customer becomes the basis of bank-loans, not merely of that $350, but of $9,650 additional, created by our legalized counterfeiter? The outstanding amount of greenbacks, about a third of a billion dollars, thus becomes the basis of ten billions of dollars of banker-created money—and this for the national banks alone, without counting all the state banks and private banks I

The headquarters of this greatest graft of all the ages is Wall Street. The money from all the little banks pours in here, and likewise the insurance money which our people put up to insure the safety of‘ their wives and children. It is all at the service of the big banker-speculators, to be used inmanwulatingmarkets, driving prices up and dovn, so that the insiders can buy while securities aie low and sell 'while they are-high. Here is concentrated the collective greed of all America, and men become frenzied with visions of sudden gain; they sell the goods they hope to have, and bay with the profits they expect to make, and the fires of avarice are fanned white hot, until the whole thing bursts like a crucible in a steel mill.

The financial history of America is the record of a series of great panics, coming at intervals of from seven to ten years. In these crises the bankers used to suffer as well as the rest of us; but this was intolerable to them, and so they put their experts to work. To save yourself in a panic you must have money—a great deal of money in a hurry; and where can such money be got? Where, but from our good old Uncle Sam! So the bankers devised a wonderful new scheme, the Federal Reserve System; a chain of twelve regional banks with a directing head, a bankerboard, having for its function to watch over our money system in the interest of the bankers, to lend money freely when they want it to be cheap, and to call in loans when they are ready for a killing; above everything else, to watch out for panics, and when these come, to issue credit to the big insiders, so that they can keep afloat while the rest of us drown.

Our Federal Reserve notes, which make up most of our paper money, no longer carry the promise to pay in gold, or in anything—-look at one and see. There are “silver certificates”, that promise you a silver dollar, but the others promise nothing. One sort of "paper” is pyramided on another sort of “paper³.

"Sworn reports, made by the banks themselves, show that on September 2,1915, 2,743 national banks, out of a total of 7,613, were guilty of usury. This at a time when the Federal Reserve banks were offering money freely to national banks in every part of the country at rates varying from 3% to 5%.”

In Oklahoma, where the legal rate of interest is 6%, with 10% as the maximum under special contract, harassed fanners paid all the way from 12% to 2400%, with 40% as the average. In the case of one bank, the comptroller proved that not a single solitary loan had been made under 15%. He cited one particular case that he asked to be regarded as typical:

In the spring the farmer went to the bank and arranged for a loan of $200. Out of his necessity he was compelled to pay 55% interest charge. Unable to meet the note at maturity, he had to agree to 100% interest m order to get the renewal. The next renewal forced him. up to 425%. For four years the thing went on, and all the drudgery of the father and the mother and the six children could never keep down the terrible interest or wipe out the principal. As a finish, the bank swooped down and sold him out; the wretched man, barefoot and. hungry, went to work clearing a swamp, eaught pneumonia and died; the county buried him, and neighbors raised a purse to send the widow and children back to friends in Arkansas.

And what do the banks make out of such exploitation? Well, take one ease; the great First National Bank of New York earned 140% on its capital in 1925; its stock has gone up to $2950 for a share having a par value of $100. According to the Financial Age, a Wall Street paper, <9 New York banks averaged 50% dividends in 1925.                        '

It happened that in 1917 our country went to war “to make the world safe for democracy”; and that was surely a time for patriotic sacrifices on the part of these beneficiaries of protection! From a report of the Secretary of the Treasury I take a few figures concerning the profits they made in that year. One woolen mill, hiding behind the carefully constructed tariff wall, made 1770% on its capital stock; and in case that Wall Street method of figuring should puzzle you, Judd, I put it into your kind of figures; you build a house for $1,000, and sell it for $18,700.

Seventeen woolen mills in 1919 reported profits of over 100% on their capital stock—that is, the stockholders got back in one year’s profit the total amount of their investment, The great American Woolen Company, with its capital stock of $60,00©,000, made a net profit ofi|lB8,-560,342. Canners of fruits and vegetables, tariff protected, made as high as 2032%. Clothing and dry goods stores, tariff protected, made a profit of 9826%. One steel mill, tariff protected, made as high as 290,999%. This, you will say, must be a joke: but I am quoting the figures of Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo; the capital stock of the concern was $5,000, and the net profits were $14,549,952. The great steel trust, our billion dollar infant, made in two years & net profit exceeding its capital stock.

Or again, take aluminum, used in making our kitehan utensils. This trust was organized in 1888, with a paid up capital of $20,000. Not one dollar more of real money has ever been put into it; but it has a tariff protection of 7 cents a pound, and in 1923 the concern paid a profit of 1000% on the original investment! The company’s circular now claims assets of $110,000,000, and last year a report of the Federal Trade Commission declared the company a monopoly which “threatened competitors with extermination unless obedient to the company’s will”. The United States Attorney-General declared, in February, 1925, that this company had violated provisions of the dissolution decree and had “shmm.itself indifferent to the provisions of the decree”.

And what did President Coolidge do about that? The answer is easy-—he always does the same thing, which is nothing. And why? The Aluminum Company of America is another name for the Mellon family; and the head, of this family, the third richest man in America, is President Coolidge’s Secretary of the Treasury, the man who determines the financial policy of our country.

Take the Standard Oil Company of New York. I recall how, before the war, this concern’s stock was quoted on the market at $700 a share, or seven times its par value. What did that mean? It meant that the Rockefellers were old-fashioned, and afraid of the new corporation tricks; they kept their concern at its old capitalization of $15,000,000, while its profits were 70% on that amount. But the time came when the public clamor got so intense that the Rockefdlers had to hide like the rest; and what did they do?

Well, in 1913, the Standard Oil Company of < New York dedared a “stock dividend” of 400%;, that is, it gave its stockholders four additional shares for each one they already had; so the company now had a capitalization of $75,000,- , 000, where formerly it had $15,000,000. Natural- ^s ly, then, its profits didn’t look so Mg; they had to be divided among five times as many shares. { And then again, in 1922, the capital was multiplied by three, becoming $225,000,000. The company now pqys 14%, and that seems bad' enough; but what would you say if you figured cm the old capitafigation and knew it was paying 210% every year!

In the- old days of the Tweed ring, the politicians used to steal our money outright; but that is over now, because every politician knows, just as every business man knows, that it jg ® much better to ^nake” money than to steal it; you can “make’ so much more, and there is no laager of being seat to jail So nowadays the rule of our politics is “honest graft”.

The chiefs of Tammany Hall do not loot the treasury; what they do is to receive blocks of stock in paving companies and construction companies, which do the work for the oily at enormous profits; they own stock in the banks which handle the city’s funds; they are in on all the Big traction deals; they get up little pet companies, to do this or that service for the public service corporations—to furnish them with ink erasers, or time-clocks, or chewing gum, at several times the market price; and all that is perfectly safe and regular, and instead of sending them to jail we envy them.

In their battle the rich have had four lines of defense: First_t the elections; they put up the money, and subsidize a political party, and carry on a campaign of falsehood and abuse, and buy votes and stuff ballot-boxes, and so defeat the poor at the polls. Second^ assuming they fail in this, comes the legislative line of defense; they sow discord in the ranks of their opponente, they buy up some of their representatives, they delay action and confuse the public and plant “jokers” in the bills which are passed. And then comes the third Hne, the courts; the rich have named as judges their own retainers and corporation attorneys, their fellow dub-mwnbers and table-companions, thoroughly trained in reverence for property; and these judges discover the “jokers” in the law, and declare them unconstitutional, null and void. FmrA, assuming that these three lines fail, the rich simply defy the laws, resting upon the certainty that their government will not punish them; and it does not                                ,

It happens that I once knew intimately a vary “big” judge. He was & member of the Court of Appeals of the State of New Jersey; which is to say, he was one of the five highest judges in a state which was extremely important, because many of our biggest corporations were formed under its safe and easy laws. At the same time the “big” judge was a “big” eorporation lawyer on the other side of the Hudson Hiver, in New York state; in fact, he was the highest paid ©orpomtion lawyer in the city, which was surely going some. He was the author of “Dill on Cor-jEKxmtimm”, the standard text-book in every lawschool in the country. I have sat in James B. Dill’s library many an evening, and watched him smoke big black cigars, and listened to him pour out his souk I will tell you the first story of his career, and then X will toll you the last.

A young law-graduate, he got a job in the law department of a big railroad, I think he said the New York Central; he was to defend accident suite, and the lawyer who took him in charge pulled open a drawer in his desk and took out a list of the judges of the state. “You will notice that some of these names are checked,” said the man. ‘‘When we have cases, get them before one of those judges. These are oar judges.” Said Dill to me: “That ws a young man’s first introduction to the lawf’ I asked: “Is it as bad as that now!” Ite answered, “There are twenty-two judges of the supreme court in New York' state, and nineteen of them are crooked. I can say to each one, T know whose man you are/ and not one will dare contradict me.^M

And then the tat story. Dill had just been appointed to his high post in New Jersey: and the day after the news was published, one of Ms old college friends came to see him, and brought him an offer from E. H. Harriman, railroad magnate, to retain his services in New York for fifty thousand dollars a year, “and you needrft do any work.® Dill said to his friend, “What ease has Harriman got before the Jersey courts F The friend replied that it was just general principles, the great magnate liked to have friends on the bench. Dill answered, “Yon tell Harriman—being a fisherman you can explain what I mean—that a fat trout does nut rise to a fly.”

Consider war. Women bear children with' muWpain, and raise them with loving care; and then send then out, at the very prime of their lives, to be blown to pieces by shot and shell. Other men in factories, who might be making the means of human happiness—automobiles and radio sets and books and music—these men are malting explosives to wipe out whole cities, and gases to poison the inhabitants. In the late war we destroyed 30,000,000 human beings and $300,000,000,000 worth of treasure, toe product of a whole generation of useful toil.

They promised us that this war was to be the last, but what are the prospects f In 1912 our government spent for defense nearly a quarter of a billion dollars, and our 1926 budget for ths same purpose was more than three times that amount. In 1920 the Bureau of Standards analyzed our budget and found that expenses for wars, past and future, composed 93 percent thereof. Think of it, Judd, a great government spending one dollar to save life and property, and thirteen dollars to destroy it! Of course, the military men Mill say that the thirteen dollars are to prevent other nations from destroying us; but the obvious fact is that when we spend this money on armaments we cause other nations to do the same, so we might as well do our own destruction and have it over with.

Or consider child labor. We take a million children out of school and put them into factories and mines, thus stunting them in body and spirit; and when they grove up into cripples, defectives, criminals and grafters, we pay ten or a hundred times what we got out of their childhood labor I Or consider crime, which is caused by the presence of extreme poverty alongside extreme wealth. Including criminals and those who catch them, this factor of waste keeps more than 700,000 persons out of productive work. Or take prostitution, caused by poverty and low wages of women in industry. There are over a quarter of a million women in our country who live by spreading vice and disease, and the American Social Hygiene Association estimates that this costs us $628,000,000 every year.

Or consider adulteration, the putting of worthless goods and poisonous foods upon the market; all for profits, of course. Or the wastes of advertising—-the seekers of profits spending a billion and a quarter dollars a year, and keeping more than 660,000 people busy all the time, in order to persuade us to stop buying the worthy products of Jones and to buy the unworthy products of Smith. This is civil war within our industry ; and one of its weapons is fashion, the making of imbecile changes in our goods ©very season in order that we may be ashamed to wear our perfectly good clothes after the first year.

Or take the wastgg. of mismanagement of industry. The so-called^Hoover Committee” of the American Engineering Societies made an elaborate study of this field, and it is interesting to notice that this cxsployerT body attributes 50 percent of the blame to management and only 25 percent to labor. They estimate the percentage of waste in a few great industries: Metal trades, 28 percent; boots and shoes, 40 percent; textiles, 49 percent; building, 53 percent; print* ing, 57 percent; men’s clothing, 63 percent.

I could tell the hilarious story of how Britain and Germany went to war to take away from each other the chance to sell shirts to Chinamen, —and to Hindoos and Persians and Arabs and Turks, of course. When they had destroyed 30,-000,000 human lives and $300,(MX),000,000 worth of goods you might think they would have cured their "over-production” for quite a while; but they had made a miscalculation, and fought too long, and borrowed too much money from us, and so their governments are burdened with enormous fixed charges, and there fa chronic unemployment in both Britain and Germany, and almost a collapse in France.

And how about us? We have that "favorable balance of trade”, so ardently desired by the prosperity boosters; indeed, we have got such a bellyful of it that for the first time we are forced to realize that it is nothing but wind. Europe owes us, in one form or another, some $19,000,-000,000, and can’t even pay the interest; they made no pretense of trying—until they had to borrow some more! Italy came, bowing low and grinning behind its cap, agreeing to pay several billions in the course of 65 years—on condition that we lend another $200,000,000 right off! Germany did the same thing, and France will be doing it, probably before these words see the light of day.

Our great financiers accept these paper pledges, for the reason that they are stuck with $19,000,000,000 of them already, and can’t contemplate what will happen when the whole thing turns out to be wind. We go on adding about a billion a year, because the only way we can keep ouj factories going is to ship our surplus goods abroad—and take nothing back, because that ‘“would stop the factories!

We promised our people Prosperity % you remember, if only they would vote for Coolidge; and they did so, good, patient souls; so now we have to deliver it. The way to “prosperity” is to keep them working to feed and clothe Frenchmen and’ Germans and Italians and Chinamen and Guatemalans and Haytians—•anybody who will send us a beautiful engraved sheet of paper promising to pay us 65 years from now!

To be exact, Judd, they don’t even have to engrave the paper; we do that in Wall Street, and they just send us & “mission” of white or yettow or Wack gentlemen in frock coats, to sign opposite the red seal. So here, Judd, you have this wonderful jazz system in its final, delirium stage—our whole people starving themselves on half wages, and sending the surplus abroad, so that our rich men may fill their vaults with pieces of paper which they dare not permit to be redeemed!

The New York Central Kailroad crosses a bridge near Albany, and a private concern owns that bridge; and the railroad pays one cent for every passenger—that is, they add that much to every ticket sold—a small fortune every year. Our whole industrial system is a tangle of grafts such as that; the railroads are plundered by right-of-way companies, sleeping-car companies, refrigerator-car companies; industrial concerns are plundered by private railway lines, owned by “insiders", or by companies having a “cinch” on repairs or materials or accessories. Just the bookkeeping on such rights is a vast industry, and the adjusting of them supplies a living for thousands of lawyers and their clerks. No wonder the revolutionary spirit is abroad in the earth.

In some countries—America, England,Fr ance, Germany, Austria—the middleclass takes charge of the revolutions; but in Russia there was practically no middle class, it was the workers or chaos. And they took over a busted machine, a country in collapse after three years of modern war, the most destructive of all things known this side of hell. Then they had to face years of invasion from 'Europe, America and Japan, fighting on 26 fronts at onee; and at the same time civil war, and a blockade, and financial boycott, and world propaganda, besides two successive years of famine—something which comes every so often in Russia, caused by drought and not by revolutions.

Ijj spite of all this, Soviet Russia confronts its world of enemies, nine years young, and proud and confident. It has restored its agriculture to the pre-war standard, and its industry to nearly 80 percent of this standard, with the certainty of passing it in 1927 if peace is maintained. It has turned one-sixth of the earth's surface from a militarist empire into a federated group of commonwealths, governed under a new system, in which the voters are classified according to their occupations. It has trained a new generation of young workers, and taken some five hundred thousand of them, into its governing party. It has taught millions of men and women to read and write, including everybody in its army, and nearly everybody in its industries. It would seem that all this entitles the new system to study, and to fair play in the field of thought

I once spent two years reading the history of the period prior to the Civil War, and I know what the moral forces of America are. I know how long they wait, and how slow they seem to be in getting into motion; nevertheless, they are there, and I make my appeal to them, and I expect to hear it answered. I am taking care of my health, with the idea of living to sing once more the Battle Hymn of the Republic: “Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord!”

Fascism A Begas Pyramid

FOR fifty years Bible Students have been teaching that -when God's plan is completed, at the end of the Millennial Age, it will be well represented by a pyramid, of which Christ will be the head, the spiritual classes next, and finally, at the base, the common, people. This idea, in another form, seems now to have occurred to others. Thus we have an Italian diplomat at Tokio reported as saying to some Japanese students;

She organisation of Fas&eism is like that of a powerful structure such as a pyramid. The base is the foundation., the largest part, and this is the bulk of the people who support the apex, which is represented by the Prime Minister. The brain of such a pyramid may only be at the top, just as a head may guide the body and not the fret, which have only the task of supporting the body. Thus, you see, fascism is not a reactionary movement, but merely in control of the people and order.

This diplomat went on to say that Mussolini is only forty years of age, and his Under-Secretary of Foreign Affairs is but thirty-three.

A Righteous Government

[Radiocast from Station WEBB on s wave length of 416.4 meters by Judge Rutherford.]

A MORNING such as this is one for meditation. The farmers and mechanics have laid down their tools and turned aside for a day’s rest from their labors. The business men have closed their offices and shops that they might have a day’s rest with their families. The wintry blasts and falling snow cause the parent to consider what provision he is making for his dependent ones to protect them from the storms of life. His children are growing up and soon they must go out into the cold world to battle for their bread.

We see that in every part of the land the burdens of taxation are increasing, and without a reasonable or just cause. Many who are this morning indulging in silent meditation are saying, "Shall we ever have a government that will look well to the interests of all the people that all may have a reasonable opportunity to live and be happy? What can w© do for the betterment of our governmental conditions that will safeguard the interests of our children and dur children’s children F

You thoughtful men and women who have tuned in on WBBR this morning, lend me your ears, if you will, while I tell you of God’s gracious provision for a government of the people in righteousness, one ■which will protect the interests of yourself and your children and your children’s children for ever.

A government of the people, that exercises its powers and functions unselfishly in behalf of the general welfare of all the people, has long been the desire of man. Every form of government has been tried; and none has been found satisfactory.

More than a fourth of the twentieth century has now passed. It has been marked by the greatest material improvement ever known to man. Great advancement in science, invention, and general information has been made; but doubtless there has never been a time when the people were so discontented with their rulers and with their governments as now.

The British Empire is doubtless the most powerful nation on earth. A few rule the masses, who are seething with discontent; and the oppressed are crying for relief. Germany’s rulers are entirely unsatisfactory, and constant tarmoil crista. Mussolim, who came so rapidly to the front in Italy and who attracted the at-* tention of the world, is quite unsatisfactory and is threatened with downfall. France has pushed aside some of her brightest minds, and advanced the more radical element into power. Spain is ruled by a dictator, cruel and relentless, who is looking well to the selfish interest of the few. This may be said of many other nations and rulers. The peoples are anxious for relief.

In every country known under the sun there is a cry of discontent. The people are groaning and travailing in pain, hoping for something better but not knowing to whom to look. There never was such an opportunity as now to call attention of the people to a new order of things that wall bring blessings to them. The men who are missing this opportunity are the theological professors and the clergymen, who stand before the people as sponsors for righteousness and truth. These, however, are repudiating the inspiration of the Scriptures, and have entirely lost sight of God’s plan to establish a kingdom of righteousness and peace.

Intelligent Studg of Bible Needed

THE purpose of the International Bible Students is not to get converts but to turn the minds of the people to the Bible, which not only holds the remedy for the ills of nations of earth but points clearly to the way, so that all people may understand how these ills will be overcome.

Why do not the people, without regard to creed or denomination, turn their minds to a careful and honest consideration of the Holy Scriptures, which are given to man for his instruction in righteousness and to ^»int him to the way that will bring the desire of every honest heart! Surely, since the great desire of mankind is for a government that will look well to their interests, insure them freedom of speech, liberty to do what is right, full and complete opportunity to pursue a course of happiness and to reap the blessings of eternal life, every honest person should want to aid them to find out just how these blessings are going to come.

One of the most prominent themes of the Bible is that of the kingdom of God. Jehovah, through His prophet .Daniel, referring to the distressing condition which we now we upon the earth, and to the perplexity amongst the people and their dissatisfaction with their raters, said: "And in the days of these kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom which stall never be destroyed: and the kingdom shall not b® left to other people, but it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and it shall stand for ever? “Daniel 2:44.

ft is manifest from this language that Jehovah purposes to establish a kingdom ; that He will not call upon selfish men to tell Him how to run it, but will establish it in His own way and see that the powers thereof are -exercised for the general welfare, peace and happiness of all mankind.

About 4,000 years ago Jehovah made a promise to Abraham, and bound it with His oath, in which lie said: 'In thy seed shall all the nations of earth be blessed." Abraham understood that his seed would constitute the king or ruler of the earth, would establish a righteous government, and that through it the blessings would flow out to the people. God did not tell Abraham when this promise would be fulfilled. Abraham died, not having received the promise.

Then the promise was renewed to his son Isaac, who pleased Jehovah; and later it was again renewed to the grandson of Abraham, Jacob. Jacob died; and God selected from his dfepring twelve tribes and organized these into a nation, to which nation God renewed again the promise. To them He said: "If ye will obey ray voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people; for all the earth is mine: and ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and an My uatfon?’—Exodus 19:5,6.

ftrari of Cow

AHL was the first lung of this typical nation of Jehovah’s, and he proved unsatisfactory to the people. Later the son of Jesse, David, was selected to be king and was anointed to that office. God’s promise to establish in the interest of mankind a kingdom that should bless all the peoples, was narrowed down to David’s house. The people of Israel thought that David would become a universal ruler. His life was stormy, and the promised blessings did not come to the people. His son Solomon succeeded him, whose reign was marked by wealth, wisdom, peace and prosperity. Solomon’s reign, however, did not bring a fulfilment of the promise.

. All the holy prophets of God taught concerning the coming kingdom of the Lord, which He would establish for the blessing of mankind. They uttered many wise sayings, which they did not understand, but which were spoken prophetically concerning that kingdom. Some of these sayings concerning the Bnler are as follows:

“The government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, . . . The Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end?* —Isaiah 9:6,7.

*TIe shall have dominion also from sea to sea?* His kingdom shall bring peace to the people. "De shall judge the poor of the people, he shall save the children of the needy, and shall break in pieces the oppressor."—Psahn 72:8,4.

Belying upon these promises of God’s prophets, yet not understanding them, the nation of Israel expected that there would come from amongst them one who would be the Ruler of the whole earth, and who would set up an earthly kingdom, through which the blessings would be given.

When Jesus of Nazareth came to Israel, only a few believed Him to be sent from God; and the nation rejected Him. Those who did accept Him, He taught to pray for the coming of the kingdom which God had promised. The chief portion of His teaching to His followers was concerning that kingdom. Jesus was crucified, arose from the dead; and thereafter His disciples were instructed of the Lord, understood God’s purposes, and proelaamed the kingdom. They taught the people according to Jesus’ words, that in a time future the promised kingdom would be established and the blessings that Jehovah had promised would come to all the nations.

Ctan* lost to Wwb ef the

HE church was established by the Lord. The term church mesas a ealled-out class of people, separate from the world. This body of Christians taught the same thing. Within a short time, however, the true light began to grow dimmer amongst those who were leaders in the church, and they misconceived and mistaught the purposes of the Lord. Then for many centuries good, honest Christians taught that the kingdom of God is a heavenly kingdom only, and that all who will ever have any whatever must die and go to heaven.

seal professors and teachers has taken over all ecclesiastical affairs; and they refer to the early teachings of the prophets, the Lord and the apostles as “primitive religion” They disregard the Scriptures as God’s inspired Word; they deny that much of the Bible is the Word of God. Consequently there is a famine in the land for the understanding of what the Bible really means.                                  •

The Apostle Peter, under inspiration, described the conditions that we now see prevailing in the world, and called attention to the heavens being on fire, the elements melting with fervent heat. Then he said: “Nevertheless we, according to his promise, look for new heavens and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness.”—2 Peter 3:13.

The heavens represent the invisible part, while the earth represents the visible part All Christians understand, and believe that Jesus Christ is a spirit; that he is not visible to man, and will not be; and that the faithful, overcoming Christians, who participate with Mina in the first resurrection and reign with Him in glory, shall also be invisible to man; that no man will ever behold a divine spirit being and live, because that is God’s rule.

The Scriptures abundantly leach that there will be a visible representation of God’s kingdom. God formed the earth to be inhabited; He made it not in vain. He promised that the earth shall abide for ever, and that it shall be a habitation for man. Since He so abundantly promises a. righteous government we may be sure that He Mb an arrangement by whitri earth’s rulers shall be righteous men, men who will look well to the general welfare and interest of the people; and this is what constitutes the new earth; meaning thereby that society will be organized upon a righteous basis, in which selfishness will not be permitted to manifest itself.

Who then in all the earth could fill the requirements to rule in righteousness? There is not a man living on the earth today, in any nation, whom all tire people would be willing to risk as their governor and ruler. The Lord is equal to the occasion, however, and will provide rulers.

Doubtless many of you have heard that the Jews shall again rule the earth. This has been nwh misunderstood. Not every man who is a Be it known once and for aH that those profiteering, eonsdenoeiess, selfish men who sail themselves Jews, and who control the greater portion of the finances of the world and the business of the world, will never be the rulers in this new earth. God would, not risk such selfish men with such an important position.

Pr&Me® the Hi§kte&u® Wfera

T ET us now examine the Scriptures and find ■*“1 how God purposes to place in the earth righteous rulers. Bemember that the Apostle Paul, like the other apostles, wrote under inspiration of the holy spirit. In the 11th chapter of Hebrews the apostle enumerates a list of men, covering a period from Abel down, to John the Baptist

“City” is used in the Scriptures as a symbol of government It represents the civis affairs of mem Discussing the course of these men the apostle says in that chapter that they looked for a city (government) which will have foundations, whose Builder and Maker is God. Then he adds: “These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them afar off, and were persuaded of them, and embraced them, and confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth. . . . But now they desire a better country [government], that is, an heavenly: wherefore God is not ashamed to be called their God: for lie hath prepared for them a city [government] /—Hebrews 11:13,16.

After naming such as Abel, Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Moses, and others, the apostle continues: “And what shall I more say? for the time would fail me to tell of Gideon, and of Barak, and of Samson, and of Jephthae, of David also, and Samuel, and of the prophets: who through faith subdued kingdoms, wrought righteousness, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of .lions, quenched the violence of fir®, escaped the edge of the sword, out of weakness were made strong, waxed valiant in fight, turned to flight the armies of the Biens.

“Women received their dead raised to life again: and others were tortured, not accepting deliverance; that they might obtain a better resurrection: and others had trial of cruel Blockings and scourgings, yea, moreover, of bonds and imprisonment: they were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted, were elain with _x

the sword: they wandered about in sheepskins and goat: kins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented; (of whom the world was not worthy:) they wandered in deserts, and in mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth.”—Hebrews 11: 32, 38.             ■

Why should men undergo such great hardship, persecution, and faithfully endure it unto death? The answer is, They had faith in God's promise; they fully trusted Him, that in His due time He would establish a kingdom of righteousness; and they believed that they v»ould be resurrected from the dead and have some part in this new government; for, says the apostle, they thus endured that “they might obtain a better resurrection".

The Ser. 'lures abound with proof that when the heawrh '-.pcdoni is established and in full operation, the resurrection of the dead shall begin; and that these faithful men of old, who died, shall be the first that shall be resurrected on earth.

Wo Ms® Bath Ascended Up to Heaven”

MANY Christians have believed and taught

that these faithful men, from Abel to John the Baptist, all died and went to heaven; but that cannot possibly be true. Long after all of them had died, and even after the beheading of John the °^nt:st, Jesus of Nwareth, who spoke with abs'Tv^ authority, said: “No man hath ascended to her ven, but he that came down from herA . John 3:13.

After ti al, the f umdle Peter, under inspiration, pperU.’g' ct r ly of David, who at that time b'-d Wy bee*»< w._sd, and who is mentioned in the Scrip¹* ea os one of the approved of God, said, “For T ~^r d is not ascended into the heavens.”—A _Vk4 <".■

John "1j? was one of the last of these prop?, s:      1 sir Jeans said: “Among them

f •*«. cie L r⁴ ri ‘ v 'tn there hath not risen a

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grvrtor tU>. 1 < ■       ’ pntthew 11:11) It

is r r i 1 < r» ’’ ri i « i • uent that neither Jolw th«* ?. »     ,c *'■ vd, nor any other of

the v*u.'^A . > d I - ' ' • orr I ord’s death, will V M P-« T '" • >^{s 1}

A; He* ’',S. ^r '1 men enumerated yy • ₂>~’^rs, A' ^s d: “Many shall f.u® the east and west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in. the kingdom of heaven.’' (Matthew 8:11) It is quite certain that these will not sit down in the invisible part, but will sit down on earth.

Referring again to Hebrews 11, concerning these men the Apostle Paul said: “And these all,hav‘n < obtained a good report through faith, received i of the promise; God having provided some b t er thing for us [the church], that they without us should not be made perfect.”—Hebrews 11:39,40.

It is clear from these scriptures that these faithful men of old, who were tried and approved. vl o were true and faithful to God and to righteousness, are to have a resurrection better 11 rn the people generally; that they are to be seen amongst mon on earth; and that the people ri 11 come from the east and the west and fro.j all quarters of the earth and sit down with them. What, then, shall be their position?

JRifMewra Wafers’ Positwn on Earth

DURING the whole period of Israel’s history these faithful men were called the fathers in Israel; and from then till now Christians have spoken of them as the fathers in Israel, as indeed they were. From the words of the apostle just mentioned, they without the Christ could not be made perfect It is manifest that when the invisible part of Christ’s kingdom, the heavenly, is completed, these faithful men of old would be perfected. We have, then, the clear statement of the prophet as to what shall be their position. He says; “Instead of thy fathers shall be thy children, whom thou [the Christ] mavest make princes in all the earth.”-—Psalm 45:16.

A prince is a ruler. These men, when raised from the dead, perfect in body, perfect in the sense of justice, having no selfish interests to serve, and being the direct representatives of the Lord, shall constitute the rulers of the earth. The word “children” means offspring, or ones who get their life from a common father. Christ will grant life to them under the terms of the new covenant, and then they will indeed be the children of the Christ.

They will receive their instruction from the Lord, and will carry it out in the earth. The new heavens will be the new spiritual ruling powers, Christ and His bride, the church invisible, directing the affairs of tike earth; where* as the new earth Mill he a new order of society, managed and directed by these faith Lui men of old, resurrected as perfect human beings. Upon these the people can rely and trust absolutely to look well to their interests.

When the people have absolute confidence in the honesty, integrity and the pover foi good of their rulers, then they will settle down and be quiet and pursue a course that will lead to happiness. The affairs of earth Mill become stable, and gradually selfishness M’lll fade aw’ay.

Just at this time the people ot earth are greatly agitated as to hou^r they can present war. how they may establish a World Court that Mill heai the diifoiences between men and settle them aught; but they have no confidence in the schemes offeied.

But soon there shall lie a new World Court, vhich shall be established by divine appointment. It Mill judge m righteousness, and decide equitably all questions and controversies, that are brought before it. For this we have often prayed: “Thy kingdom come, thy wall be done on earth.”

Bible Questions and Answers

[Radioeast from W’aUUtovser AVBBR on a waie length of 416 4 meters by JuOw Rutherford ]

QUESTION: Do you believe in infant baptism?

Answer: No. The real baptism is the burial or planting of an individual into Christ Jesus by the heavenly Father, Jehovah God. This must be preceded by a full consecration of the individual to do God’s holy will. The symbolic baptism is the complete immersion of the individual into water, which pictures the real baptism into Christ. Since the individual’s will and consent are involved to make baptism possible, it would be ridiculous to baptize infants. Infants have net the capacity to determine to do the win of the heavenly Father. Furthermore, to do the will of God implies that the individual has knowledge of that will, Infants are unable to understand the will of God as expressed in the Bible. Not only is infant baptism improper, but there are very few adults who have any conception of the real baptiam as stated in the Bible.

Question: Why did the perfect man Jesus have to die to redeem Adam and the human family 1

Amswb : Jesus had to die as a perfect human being to furnish the price of the penalty that was placed upon Adam for disobedience. God told Adam plainly that the penally for disobedience would be death, according to Genesis 2: 17. Adam was a perfect man beforetoe sinned. The penalty required the death of a perfect man. Adam, paid the penally when he went down into death. There was absolutely no hope for Adam to come up out of death unless some other person should come and pay a ransom, and that required the death of & perfect man. Jesus came into the world as a perfect man, and HU death and resurrection provided a guarantee th i not only Adam but Adam’s progeny might obtain life through Him. In Bomans 5:12 we read, "By one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned.” The hopeful passage pointing to Jesus as the Life-giver is 1 Corinthians 15:22, "For as in Adam all die, even so in Christ shall all be made alive.”

Question: Who originated the idea of the immortality of the soul?

Answer: The Devil originated the idea to the immortality of the soul, and many v.-etood learned, men, including the preach<    1 w? to-

lieved and have taught it Despto_k toil God told Adam that he would die, < * to tod to Eve, as stated in Genesis 3:%        ' “h

not surely die.” The Devil induced ■ »i? m-entsto sin; and he is properly <?$ H.*- mm wk jer, "because he brought death upon f 1wn toly. Jesus plainly said to the Ito I e m ¹ s.-j-ligloiiists of His day, as is reeoi<a^j« ' to. m 8; 44, "Ye are of your father the v r. rtot be lusts of your father ye will do. to*. a m > -deter from the beginning, and toe _;

truth, because there is no t i * :n ’     < n

he speakoth a lie, he speaker to :   < a : ter

he is a Mat and the father of /to’ t^! I k « p -peatto’y states that the soul x .* - n .. I 18:4 we read, "The soul that -- m k - t*f die.” In Psalm 89:48 we read a to < o s" to that liveth, and shall not see <toto? <to I o deliver Ms soul from the hand of I’m gic.u to

Moses the Man of God

[Radiocast from station WBBR on a wave length of 416.4 meters by W. B. Van Amburgh.1

the Jews and their leaders to form pictures of the future. The Bible also mentions others v hom Jehovah raised up for special purposes. Pharaoh, king of Egypt; Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon; Cyrus, king of Persia, whom Isaiah named 100 years before Cyrus was born; Augustus Caesar, Napoleon and others are easily recognized by their descriptions in the Bible. No one could claim that these men were noted for their righteousness, piety or nobility of heart, yet Jehovah used them to shadow forth greater things to come.

Nebuchadnezzar was used to picture one feature of the Devil and his kingdoms of this world. Pharaoh and Egypt were used to give a different view of the Devil and his empire. Napoleon was foretold as the one who would break the religious slavery under Papacy, and open the prison doors and liberate the minds fettered during the dark ages. The Bible even gave the exact date, 1799 A. D. History proves the prophecy true, and since 1799 A. D. the world has experienced the greatest mental rebound known in history.

If we eonld imagine ourselves in a grand reviewing stand, watching the procession of the ages go by, we would notice the throng as a whole, with here and there a great leader standing out very prominently above all the rest If their influence were to be indicated by physical stature, some would be ten feel tall, some twenty, some fifty and a few even one hundred foot in height. Some one has well said that the history of the human race is summed up in the biography of a few men.

Some of these leaders were bora to their positions ; some rose to their eminence by force of cireomstonces and their own ability. Others, because of their love for righteousness, were exalted by Jehovah to prominent positions in His work. One of the most notable characters used by Jehovah is spoken of in the Bible, as “Moses, the man of God". Why was this name given! Because, as the apostle testifies in Hebrews 315, “Moses verily was faithful in all his house, as a servant, for a testimony of those things which were to come later." The last forty years of his life are so closely related to that of the children of Israel that one writer says, “The history of Moses is the history of Israel for forty years.”

Moses the Mm of God

MOSES could never have attained his preeminence by his own ability. It was Jehovah who raised him to his prominence, by overruling his life's experiences to the end that they might picture a greater than Moses to come, to do for the whole world what Moses did for Israel.

His parents were slaves to the king of Egypt. Because the Israeliti.es were increasing rapidly, the king feared that they might eventually outnumber the Egyptians, and thus become a menace to the throne. He therefore issued the heartless edict that every male child born to the Hebrews should be slain at birth, Because of their faith in God, and in His promises to their father Abraham, the parents of Moses ignored the command of Pharaoh, and hid the child for three months.                                    ,

The record of his early life reads like a fairy tale. At the end of three months he could no longer be hidden from the watchful eyes of the spies of the king. His mother made a little ark of bulrushes and laid the child in it, and placed the tiny boat among the flags along the bank of the Biver Nile, near by where the king’s daughter was accustomed to come with her maids daily to bathe.

Apparently the king’s daughter wm a childless wife and longed for motherhood. She saw the little ark, which may have slowly drifted with the water from its hiding place, and sent a maid to fetch it On opening it she saw the face of a beautiful child. Its cry touched the mother heart of the princess, and she wished it were her own. But she could net nurse it, so she called fox- a eukc from the Hebrew women and hired her to rare for it until it should be old enough for her to adopt as her own sen. The nurse was the babe’s own mother, Who could haw nursed and eared for it more tenderly? !At the age of four or fiv^years the mother took the lad to the palace, and he became the son of Pharaoh’s daughter.

Thus Jehovah overruled so that one whom the king had commanded should be slain was adopted as his own grandchild, reared in the royal palace, and educated in all the wisdom of Bgypt—the then aetaowledged center of learning of the world.

Though reared in the lap of luxury, this son of Hebrew slaves had not forgotten Hie lessons taught him at his mother’s knee regarding the true God and His promises to Abraham—that the Hebrews 'were to become a mighty nation and inherit the land of promise. Tradition credits Moses with being the general of the Egyptian army, and of hewing saved the kingdom from slavery to another nation.

Though holding so prominent a place in the kingdom, the apostle «ays that 'because of his faith in God, Moses vLen he was come to mature years, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh’s daughter, eboosing rather to suffer affliction with the people of God, than to enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season’. The world would say, What a foolish choice ’ Yet, the results prove that it was a very wise one. Forty years he spent in the courts of Egypt, forty years in the mountains of Arabia earing for sheep, and forty years leading the Israelites from bondage to national liberty,

Picturing Greater Thing®

E SHALL lose the point of this picture unless we keep in mind that the actors were but foreshadowing greater things to come. Pharaoh and Egypt typified Satan and his kingdom, from one point of fiew. The Hebrews typified the people of the world, held in bondage by Satan and his court of associateddemtms. The Hebrews were powerless to liberate themselves; the world is powerless to free itself. Moses was sent by Jehovah to do several things: First, to show up the unrighteousness and deceit cf Pharaoh and his court; second, to demonstrate the inability of the gods of the Egyptians to withstand the Ged of the Hebrews; third, to bring to naught Wth Pharaoh, and his kingdom; fourth, to liberate the Hebrews and take them to their promised land.

It was a battle between Moses as the leader of the Lord’s people, on one side, and. Pharaoh and all the powers of his Ifmgdom arrayed on the other side. It is a miniature picture of the battle between Christ the antitypical Moses leading the hosts of Jehovah, <m one side, and Satan the Devil leading his mighty forces on the other side, as sjanbolieaHy stated in the 19th of Bevelation, With this outline in mind let us more closely examine the type.

Moses was sent to demand that Pharaoh release the Hebrews. Pharaoh insolently replied, ’Who is Jehovah God that I should take a»x

w

orders Com him!’ Moses’ answer was the manifestation of the power of the God of the Hebrews in such a way that Pharaoh and all Egypt never forgot. AU the nations trembled at the mention of the name Jehovah God, and the Israelites realized as never before the power and resources of the God they worshiped.

Pharaoh was a good pupil of his prototype the Devil. He could lie as fast as he could talk. No promise was worth keeping if it suited him better to break it. When he refused to let the Hebrews go, Moses, through the power of God, brought eight great plagues upon the Egyptians, each succeeding one being of still greater severity. While under the pressure of each plague Pharaoh would make promises to Moses, but the minute the pressure was released he would refuse. After the eighth plague Pharaoh’s servants said to him, "How long shall this man be a snare unto us? Let the men go, that they may serve Jehovah their God; knowest thou not yet that Egypt is destroyed?”—Exodus 10:7.

Pharaoh was obstinate, and Moses brought the ninth plague. Pharaoh repented, but as soon as the plague of darkness was removed he again refused. Then God sent the tenth, wherein all the first-born of Egypt, from the first-bora of the king to that of the slave at the mill, died. There was a mourning such as Egypt had. never known. Pharaoh and the Egyptians were so crushed and humbled that they thrust the Hebrews out, loaded with the riches of Egypt, while the Egyptians remained to mourn and bury their dead.

However, as soon as they had had time to bury their dead, and the king began to think of his humiliation and the loss of his slaves, he became madder than ever, and determined to follow them and bring them tack or destroy them. Assembling all his army and his chariots of war, including his six. hundred royal chariots, he pursued, the Hebrews to the shores of the Bed sea. Pharaoh had apparently forgotten that he was fighting the God of the Hebrews and not the Hebrews themselves. God. opened the sea and His people passed over on dry land, but when the Egyptian army attempted to follow them it was swallowed up and annihilated. If Pharaoh himself escaped, he doubtless returned to his palace a thoroughly humbled and beaten Msg. His country was ruined and impoverished, his entire army destroyed, his few remaining

Brooisms, K. Xi

subjects hating him for the misery his obsti-nancy had brought upon them.

In all this Moses was used by Jehovah and made very great in all the land. In Exodus 11: 3 we read, “Moreover the man Moses was very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh’s servants, and in the sight of "the people.”

The Antitype

OW for the antitype. This deliverance from Egypt is to be eclipsed by a far greater deliverance, as says Jeremiah in chapter 16. We read: “Therefore, behold, the days come, saith the Lord, that it shall no more be said, Jehovah liveth, that brought up the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt, but [this is what they shall say] Jehovah liveth, that brought up the children of Israel from the land of the north, and from all the lands whither he had driven them: and I will bring them into their own land which I gave to their fathers.”

This work began in 1914, when the antifypical plagues began upon the kingdom of Satan, the great antitype of Pharaoh. The Jews are already beginning to return to Canaan, and their complete return will follow shortly. Concerning the destruction of Satan’s army we read, in the 46th Psalm, “Come, behold the works of Jehovah, what desolations he hath mad® in all the earth. He maketh wars to cease unto the end of the earth; he breaketh the bow, and cut-teth the spear in sunder; he burneth the chariot in the fire. Be still and know that I am God; I will be exalted among the heathen; I will be exalted in the earth.”

The difficulties which confronted Moses as he led the people to Canaan are well expressed by Dr. S. M. Melamed in a recent issue of The New Palestine. We quote a few sentences:

The inner development of the Jewish people consequent upon the exodus from Egypt is highly symbolic of the development of our nation on the eve of its redemption, . . . After all this display of patience and endurance [on the part of Moses] the generation of the < wilderness, a wild generation indeed, had to die out ere the Jewish people could enter the promised land. Ona ■ could not build a state with a wild, nationally nndis-ciplined generation. The building of 8 state requires ; discipline, obedience, patience and a devotion for tha cause bordering on religion. A people that has heea Jiving for centuries in oppression and political and economic slaveiy must become alienated from its great national traditions and is not fit for statehood. It must first go through a certain purgatory and acquire a calmness of mmd. That it did in the wilderness with its monotony of life, with its wido open spaces, with the stillness prevailing in the expanse of the desert. When it thus became pathologically fit for the realization of the great act of national redemption, it entered the promised land of which its leaders spoke.

Moses lived over 3500 years ago, yet the code of Taws which he left to the Israelites is still a model for humanity in its justice between man and man, and in man's true relationship toward Jehovah. He was the leader and organizer of one of the most noted .nations of history, which people are still in existence, and revere him as their authority on religion and are looking toward the fulfilment of his prophecies regarding their future.

Moses wrote of CTirist, ‘‘The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him shall ye hearken.” (Deuteronomy 18:15) Isaiah also (9:6,7) wrote of Christ, “For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given; and the government shall he upon his shoulder; and his name shall be called Wonderful, The mighty Ood, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace. Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end, upon the throne of David, and upon his kingdom, to order it and to establish it with judgment and with justice from henceforth even for ever.”

What then mav wo expect of Christ? From the pictures given of Moses in delivering Israel, overthrowing Pharaoh and leading the Hebrews to their promised land, we are to expect that Christ will overthrow, spoil and destroy the kingdom of Satan, liberate all the slaves of sin and unrighteousness, and lead the motley throng of earth’s billions to the promised land of Paradise restored. They will not be fit to enter the land at once, but will need much training, disciplining, educating and experience. This Christ h ?s arranged for by His kingdom of 1000 years, which is for that very purpose. At the close of that time those who will have proved faithful will be led into the land of everlasting life, where justice and righteousness shall flourish for evermore.

All the wilfully wicked will have perished in the way, even as the wilfully disobedient of the Israelites died in the wilderness. Blessed are the meek; for they shall inherit the earth, and re joice in the abundance of peace.

In The Religfcras World

Foreijgn-Sorn Clergy to Mexico

MEXICO has adopted regulations that foreign-born clergy in Mexico may leach there for the next six years, after which time they ivill be expected to leave the country. An exception is made in the ease of elergyimm born in Spain. These need not wait six year-, but may leave at once, as Mexico attributes of her troubles to them.

Dollar Fund. is No Joke

THAT the million dollar fund for stirmy vp trouble in Mexico is no joke is suggested in dispatches to the Chicago Tribune- from one of its correspondents in Mexico, in one of which he says, “There seems to be little doubt fort the Indians are preparing to commence a revolt against the Mexican government in the interest of the Catholic Church and Adolfo Ito U Huerta.” In another he reports the Yaqui Indians as issuing an address to the people of Lm Bastras, a town in Sonora, to which they saicU “We eve foforug for the liberty of eonscienee, frcodGm of th ► Catholic Church, and glory the Del»J rs is Adolfo De la Huerta, a Has iria\l iS- Maquis, and the Ardibishop cf I "to co” ilm sanu* dispatch said that the Inltore v.qjc _t-»e <ug arms from the United fb.tcs tml dfo i ey were well supplied with

Am’ A A ‘Aniterooffe Montag®

-■ rive been unduly excited beM r c g - i rid . ton to Home has just ^Aan-mdfot.” i r> matte by somebody in Yew Yo’k r pt*. *go, although the parties war* r'xnr-4 <. " a*’-nd five years ago. They rt>t b⁴ g * < : \ ^termed. The old man m Iform mhfo ; io do with the matter. Hts vior fob r* rl ««ent is of no more eonse-swintf m fm: i< the blowing of the wind through a kuvthvte. Marriages are rivil. eo>-

tracts, have always been so; and interference or attempted interference by others is gratuitous, and as foolish as it is gratuitous. The civil law ignores all such acts of interference as if they had never existed*

Church and State m Argentina

N SEPTEMBER 25th, after an all night - session, the Argentine senate passed a law denying Vatican appointees the right to exercise any power or jurisdiction in the government of Argentina or its churches, unless that power is conferred according to the country’s constitution and laws. This presages the early separation of church and state in Argentina, and some of the real statesmen in that country are working to bring it about,

Condition of Jew in Rumania

HE Jews of Rumania continue to be treated so badly that one of the leading diplomats of Poland has returned to the Rumanian government a decoration which he declares it is improper for any Jew to wear who loves the Jewish race. Jewish pogroms are still frequent in Bessarabia, and Jewish students are forbidden at the universities.

Bittle Studies for Little People

Eighth Study: Tie Three Gads

• 3S. Our heavenly Esther is sometimes spoken of as Jehovah God, or sometimes just the word God is used when He is referred to. That is one ©£ His names, of course; but then the wojd God, of itself, may be used to name any powerful being. The word god means rater, or mighty one. The heavenly Father’s name is Jehovah God, and none other in heaven or earth can bear that name. It means "God of gods, Almighty One”.

• 40. At a certain time in the history of the earth there were three gods, or rinighty ones”, In heaven. This does not mean that there were three beings like our heavenly Father. He has told us that there is none other like Him, so we must not get confused when we hear about these three gods. It is all very simple.

• 41. Jehovah God Himself is, of course, the first. He made all. things, it is true; but one being only did He make with His own hands, and that was the Logos, the Master Workman. All other creations in heaven and earth were formed by Gotfs Master Workman. The Bible tells- us ©f his Master Workman. It says : "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was [a] God.”

• 42. This Word was a being, a beautiful, shining being, like God Himself. The name of this being was Logos, which means "the Word”. This Word, or Logos, was the first and only direct creation of Jehovah. Jehovah then made the plans for all the rest of creation, and this wonderful Logos carried them out

• 43. Under God’s direction He made the earth, set the stars in their places, created the beautiful clouds and the soft green grass, made the dogs and cats and bugs and birds, from the dust of the earth; and last of all made US. "AH things were made by him [the Logos], and without him was not anything made that was made.”

• 44. This Master Workman, the Logos, .has many names. His names are all beautiful, for He is the most beautiful of all God’s creatures. Who is He? Ah, listen! He is the Son of Ged. He is called the Sun of Righteousness, the Bright and Morning Star; but perhaps we know Him best as the Lord Jesus Christ, our Redeemer I In future studies we shall learn how we have come to have this special blessing and privilege of calling the Son of God our Redeemer.

• * Questions on Eighth Study

39. By what two names is owr heavenly Father sometimes spoken of, and what is the meaning of each of these names F

• 4G . Has there ever been more than one god in heaven? Were any of the like our heavenly Father?

• 41. What one being only did our heavenly Father snake with .His own hands? By what names is He properly called? Is it proper to call Him a god?

• 42. What is the meaning of the word Logos? Who made the plans for all of creation? Who carried them out?

• 43. Tell some of the things that were made by the logos. What things were not made by Him ?

• 44. What are some of the names of the Logos? By what rer.® is lb specially near and dear to us?

STUDIES IN THE "HARP OF GOLI'’

With issue Number 60 we hegan running Judge Rutherord’s new book, “The Harp ot God”, with accompanying tjuesitotw, taking place of both idvaueed a»d Juvenile Bible Studies which have been hitherto publishM.

^Sste All must come to a knowledge of the truth; and those obeying h will have their sins and iniquities wiped out for ever. Thus says the prophet: "They shall teach no more every man his neighbor, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the Lord: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more ” (Jeremiah 31:34) When the Lord remembers their iniquities and sins no more, then it must be that they are restored. When John the Baptist announced the approach of Jesus, he exclaimed: "Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world.® When the sin of the world is gone, when there is a world without sin, then it must be a world with perfect people.

⁸⁹⁸ That the people will be brought to a condition of health and be cured of their sickness the Lord assures us through His prophet "Behold, I will bring it health and cure, and I will cure them, and will reveal unto them the abundance of peace and truth.® (Jeremiah 33:6) "And the inhabitant shall not say, I am sick; the people that dwell therein shall be forgiven their iniquity.”—Isaiah 33:24.

³⁹³ The restoration means the bringing back to earth of the Edenic condition for man’s benefit. Some may think there will be not sufficient room upon the earth for all the restored ones. According to the best authority, there have lived and died about 20,000,000,000 people. There are now on earth approximately 1,700,000,000 persons. This is a total of 21,700,(MX),000. In order to be liberal, let us suppose that ail the human race will total 504)00.000,000. As a suggestion that there will be room for all on earth, let one take his pencil and divide the area of the state of Texas by 50,000,000,000; and he will find that that number cf people could be placed in the state of Texas alone, giving each one about 146 square feet of land upon which to stand. Of course it is not to he expected that the earth Will be crowded thus; but when we remember that only a small portion of the earth’s surface •is now inhabited, that a great portion of it is desert, and when this desert shall become productive and all parts of the earth habitable, then we may see that 5O,OO0,0OOjXX) of people could comfortably be taken care of in the earth and have plenty of room to spare.

^wBut will the earth produce sufficiently to feed this multitude? The Scriptures answer: "The wilderness and the solitary ptace shall be glad for them; and the desert shall rejoice, and blossom as the rose. It shall blossom abundantly, and rejoice even with joy and staging j the glory of Lebanon shall be given unto it, the excellency of Cannel and Sharon: they shall see the glory of the Lord, and the excellency of our God. , . , And the parched ground shall become a pool, and the thirsty land springs of water.” (Isaiah 35:1,2,7) "The desolate land shall be tilled, whereas it lay desolate to tha sight of all that passed by. And they shall «ay, This land that was desolate is become like the garden of Eden; and the waste and desolate and ruined cities are become fenced, and are inhabited.”—Ezekiel 36:34,35,               -

QUESTIONS ON "THE HARP OF GOIF

Quote Jeremiah 31:34. fl 591,                    ‘

When the Lord rmanbera their iniquities and sins no more, what will be the condition of ths people? f 591. Quote John 1:29. fl 591.

When the m of the world is gone, what effect will that have upon mankind? 1591.

What Scriptural proof have we that the people will be brought to a condition of health and he cured of sidt-। m.

What efeet upon the earth ftsdf vTl the times of toration have? fl 593.

Will there be room for sfl the people that are restored to life? fl 593.

How many people have lived on fte earth and died and gone into their grave? fl 593.

How many axe now living? fl 593.

Give an illustration showing that the earth’s wrfaes will, be ample to accommodate all of these, fl 593,

What Scripture! evidence have we that the earth wiB produce sufficient food to eastern fli® restored mw? fl 594/

What Scriptural proof is there that the desolate Iwd of the earth will become like the garden of Eden? fl 59A When will fh» torth te & fit habitation for wa ? fl S&U

HP HE first copy of Delivek-"®" ance was finished April 9, 1926.

And this first printing was a pre-run for interested readers of I. B. S. A. publications.

Deliverance was first released for general sale I. B. S. A. week, August 22-29,1926.

Deliveranob is distinguished by the uncompromising stand it takes.

Deuvebanue emphasises anew the application the Bible has to today’s conditions.

Dbuvbbanct holds that the prophecies in fulfilment assure to mankind the future which the Bible foretells.

Dklivebanos is eloft-boun'd, gold-stamped, and contains 384 pages. A series of six lectures . is mailed every other week for twelve weeks. Use coupon for convenience in ordering.

International Bible students Ass®., Brooklyn, M. X,

Gentlemen:

Please mall a copy of D®t.msujsfc® and foIW with the Lecture Series.