ake Golden Age

A JOURNAL OF FACT HOPE AND COURAGE

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OUR SEMI-INVISIBLE FRIENDS AND FOES FLYING FEATHERS ANNUAL CONVENTION U. S. CHAMBER OF COMMERCE

FARM BOARD OPPRESSION SNAKE AT TOP OF LADDER END OF OPPRESSION NEAR iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii every other WEDNESDAY

five cents a copy one dollar a year Canada & Foreign 1.25

Vol. XIII . No. 340

September 28, 1932

CONTENTS

LABOR AND ECONOMICS

1 in 28 Out of Work.....811

Most Ominous Economic Crisis . . . S15

The Fee System of Robbery . . 816

SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL

Flying Feathers......811

Old Age Pensions Profitable . . 813

Four Suicides Per Day .... 814

Charges of Admiral Degouy . . 815

British Revel in America's Sorrows 818

Snake at Top oe Ladder’ .... 825

Index to Volume XIII of “The

Golden Age”.......830

MANUFACTURING AND MINING

What Becomes of Auto Tires? . . 811

New Uses for Aluminum .... 812

Winnipeg's Municipally Owned

Plants.........816

FINANCE—COMMERCE—TRANSPORTATION

Motor Bus Statistics.....812

Michigan Has a Traveling Bank . . 813 $25,000,000 Less in Ads . . . .813 Bank Clearings Off 52 Percent . . . <813 America’s Immense Flying Business 813 20th Annual Convention U. S.

Chamber of Commerce . . . 819

World’s Fastest Train .... 822

POLITICAL—DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN

Siam Goes Constitutional . . . 814

Confession by Lloyd George . . . 815

Governments Ridicule Disarmament 816

“Everybody Works but Father” . . 817

Bank Robber Passes Out Colorfully........826

AGRICULTURE AND HUSBANDRY

Our Semi-Invisible Friends and

Foes — the Insects .... 803

Some Opinions on Vivisection . . 818 Farm Board as Instrument

of Oppression......822

An Actual Tuberculin Test . . . 831

SCIENCE AND INVENTION

Gold from Bottom of Ocean . . . 814

Death Machine Nullifies Naval Plans 814

Motor Fits into Thimble .... 815

Burning Rubber in Britain . . . 817

HOME AND HEALTH

Vegetarians and Meat-Eaters . . 811

Worthless Anti-Typhoid Serum . 821 For Sufferers with Lung

Trouble.........823

Some Indian Remedies .... 829

RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY

The Money Comes Hard .... 817

Notes from Cook Islands . . . 823

Who Is to Blame?......S24

Roman Catholic Sausage on Friday’........825

“Kingdom” Saves Two Lives . . 825

“By Order of-----” (Poem) . . 826

End of Oppression Near . . . 827

Published every other Wednesday at 117 Adams Street, Brooklyn, N. Y., U. S. A., by WOODWORTH, KNORR & MARTIN

Copartners and Proprietors Address: 117 Adams Street, Brooklyn, N. Y., 17. S. A, CLAYTON J. WOODWORTH . . Editor ROBERT J. MARTIN .. Business Manager NATHAN H. KNORR. . Secretary and Treasurer

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(ike Golden Age

Volume XIII                    Brooklyn, N. Y., Wednesday, September 28, 1932                     Number 340

Our Semi-Invisible Friends and Foes—the Insects

In Two Parts—Part 1

THE best friends man has, and the worst enemies he has, are invisible. Our praise and adoration rise “unto the King eternal, immortal, invisible, the only wise God”. (1 Tim. 1:17) Our hope and faith are pinned to Him “who is the image of the invisible God”. (Col. 1:15) Like Moses of old, we endure “as seeing him who is invisible”.—Heb. 11: 27.

Next to our heavenly Father and our Savior, our best friends are in their entourage invisible, the holy angels that go forth to do Jehovah’s will, the members of the heavenly organization that we know are soon to smite all evil in the earth and really and truly robe it in God’s glory.

Ranged on the opposite side, and equally invisible, are Satan and his cohorts. In “the evil day”, since Satan was cast out of heaven, there is utmost need of “the whole armour of God, that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil. For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high places”.—Eph. 6:11,12.

Our visible friends are mostly good men and women, the plant world and the domestic animals. Our visible enemies are mostly bad men and women. The foes of the plant world are, generally speaking, semi-invisible. The wild animals that onee were serious foes to man have been mostly killed off. The semi-invisible friends and foes of man exist by the duodecillions. This article is about them; we briefly discuss a few of the better known insects.

185J000 Kinds of Flies

We hope nobody will conclude that we are about to attempt to describe the 185,000 kinds of flies estimated to be in existence. In the first place, only about 35,000 of these flies have been described by anybody, and a complete description of even the common house fly would be a considerable article in itself.

About the house fly, you may have had one determined to land somewhere on your body. If you have, why should we write about it? All we will say is that a female fly will at one time lay 120 eggs in a pile of manure, and thereby puts to lasting shame the hen that has so much to say when she gingerly lays but one. In six or eight hours the fly’s eggs turn into maggots, and in ten days the maggots turn into adult flies, and the procession begins all over again. It is estimated that one pound of manure will sustain the eggs of 1,200 house flies, and bring to maturity 144,000 flies.

The house fly is not particular what kind of excrement it lives in. It does not mind in the least making its home in privies, or in the sick room. It likes to go from one to the other, and from there to the kitchen and dining room, and then to your bald head, and if anywhere en route it can wipe itself off and spread typhoid germs or anything else around it is most happy.

In its number of eyes the fly has us all beat. We forget the exact figures but believe the estimates are that each fly has some 5,000 pairs of eyes, or lenses through which to receive information. At one time he can look all around him in a circle horizontally, and at anything and everything that is anywhere overhead, and pretty much everything around his feet.

When it comes to strength we are nothing. The big Turk in Buffalo Bill’s Wild West supported ten men on his shoulders, but a bluebottle fly can lift thirty times its own weight and can draw a load 150 times as heavy. It is not so strong on its wings; if kept continuously on the move for 18 minutes its strength is exhausted and it refuses to move.

The odor of daisies is objectionable to flies. It is said that a few bouquets of these placed around the room will keep them away entirely. The cost of keeping flies out of American homes has been estimated at about $10,000,000 annual-

ly. The stable fly, big brother to the house fly, is worse than his little brother, because he bites harder.

The Hessian Fly

The Hessian fly gets after us another way. It eats our food, our wheat. It is short-lived, its usual life span lasting less than a week. But during that week it makes up for lost time. The female of the spring generation'lays 230 eggs; and of the fall generation, 285. The eggs are laid on the upper surface of the wheat leaves, being reddish in color, very minute, and just visible to the unaided eye.

In a few days the eggs hatch and maggots emerge which crawl down the leaf to joints near the base of the plant, where they suck the sap from the stem and damage or ruin the plant. The feeding stage lasts about three weeks, when, without changing its location, the maggot forms a brown case about itself called a puparium. It then has the appearance of a flaxseed. From this puparium the adult fly eventually emerges, and leaps to another plant to start life all over again.

The farmer can get but one crop of wheat a year, but he gets two crops of Hessian flies: one in the spring, to feed on his spring wheat, and one in the fall, to feed on his winter wheat. In the fall the fly has sense enough to stay low down on the plant, where it will be relatively warmer, but in the spring it gets into the upper branches, where it can get better food and enjoy being waved about in the breezes.

The Mediterranean Fruit Fly

The Mediterranean fruit fly is another very bad actor in the fly family. When only four to ten days old the female fly knows enough to drill a tiny hole through the skin of almost any kind of fruit and lay from four to twenty eggs in the ripening pulp. She does this every day for three months, by which time she may have ruined a hundred oranges and reared five hundred children.

It takes about three weeks for one generation to mature. The eggs quickly hatch into larva;, each equipped with two spine-like hooks with which to tear the tissue as they go boring their way through the fruit. By listening with the electrical stethoscope one can hear these little fellows at their devastating work. This helped science to conquer them.

As they grow in size and strength the larva; work their way out of the fruit and drop to the ground, where they have the peculiar ability of being able to curl up and jump from one to six inches. They next go into the pupa state, and after a few days burrowed into the ground emerge as mature flies ready to begin another round of cussedness all over again.

In April, 1929, the Mediterranean fruit fly, which has ravaged the Hawaiian Islands, made ^-its appearance in Florida. In a whirlwind campaign it cost the government $6,355,000 to exterminate the pest completely and to reimburse the growers for the damage done to the trees and the fruit destroyed. It is believed to be the first victory science has won over an insect. At one time the government had 5,000 men on the job, fighting the pest.

The Californians have a less serious pest in the citrus white fly.

The Buffalo Fly

The buffalo fly is spreading over Australia. This insect was brought from Java, but seems to thrive more in its new home than in its old one. There are some who fear that this fly may put an end to the raising of fat cattle for slaughter, in at least some parts of the island continent. It has already become a main limiting factor in beef production in the northern area of the commonwealth.

One thing is sure. If trade and travel are not doing anything else in the world, they are spreading earth’s pests around so that no spot is overlooked in which a fly shall have a chance to see what it can do. Hundreds of new varieties are popping up every year. What harm they may do to humanity we cannot know until they have been distributed around a bit and started to add and multiply and do arithmetical and geometrical progression in squares raised to the nth power.

1,500 Kinds of Mosquitoes

Of the 1,500 kinds of mosquitoes known to scientists only 131 varieties have been found in the United States, but that is enough, and sometimes too many. The gentlemen are all well-behaved; they feed exclusively on plant juices. It is the women that found out how to torture us. It was a bad day for humanity when the first female mosquito “struck oil” by drilling through some human hide and finding juices underneath that seemed almost as good to her as the fruit or plant juices with which she was more familiar.

We say ‘almost as good’ instead of ‘quite as good’, for the reason that there is room to suspect that human blood is not as agreeable to mosquitoes as some of their other forms of food. There are varieties that will not touch a human when horses are near. They prefer the taste of the horse’s blood. Another variety is fond of frogs, but will not touch humans at all.

The female mosquito is a disagreeable person. In a deceptive manner she lands so lightly that one does not know she is present. Then she soft-soaps her intended victim into thinking that nothing serious is contemplated, by spreading a little fluid over the skin, the purpose of which is to soften it and get it ready for the saw. What a mean disposition!

The saw is a wicked contrivance, with 22 teeth, made to go through the human cuticle in shortest time. When a sufficiently large hole has been made, a small hose pipe is run down into the reservoir and the unprincipled creature begins the transfer of your lifeblood to her own anatomy.

It would not be so bad if she would do that once and stop there, but that is only the beginning. If her posterity all lived, it is calculated that one solitary mosquito mother would in one year increase the mosquito population of the earth by 159,000,000,000; yet a hen has to be encouraged in every kind of way to lay one egg a day. Shame on the hen!

A Truly Dangerous Creature

A truly dangerous creature is the female mosquito that has learned to drill holes in man and suck his blood. It is calculated that mosquitoes have slain more humans than were ever slain by all other animals put together. As distributors of yellow fever and malaria, they have caused themselves to be feared as w^yell as hated. It has been found that twenty percent of the planes arriving at Miami from South American countries contain some species of disease-bearing tropical mosquitoes.

There are some varieties of mosquitoes that are cannibals; at least they live entirely by eating other mosquito larva?. Some are dwellers only in forests. Others are entirely house-dwellers. Those in the Arctic seem to be the most voracious of anywhere on earth. There is one kind in Montana which stores up fat in the summer and hibernates in the winter.

The greatest single disaster laid to mosquitoes is the Black Tom explosion of munitions at the piers in Jersey City in July, 1916. It is believed that this explosion was caused by a smudge fire built by watchmen to keep off the mosquitoes. The cost of the material destroyed is estimated at about $50,000,000.

Among scientists, Mosquito Day is celebrated on August 20, the anniversary of the date in 1897 when Sir Ronald Ross discovered in the stomach of the anopheles mosquito the black granules he had many times previously seen in the malaria cells in human blood. It was definitely proved on that day that the anopheles mosquito is the carrier of malarial germs.

Mosquitoes a Peculiar Problem

The mosquito problem is one peculiarly difficult to handle, on account of the great number of varieties. Sonie kinds are travelers, and some are not. In many instances those that annoy man were bred on his own lot. An empty tomato can makes an ideal breeding place and home for a colony of them.

Mosquitoes prefer blondes. It is said that a brunette will be spared nine times out of ten when a blonde is present, and that among the animals the light-colored ones are the greatest sufferers.

The United States Public Health Service asserts that where the effluent of a town septic-tank empties into a small stream near the edge of a town, the water thence will sometimes be black with mosquito larvae for a distance of two or three miles. The Culex variety seems to prefer dirty water to clean.

It is claimed that a person can discipline himself so as to feel a mosquito bite but slightly. Some have even said that if no resistance is made there is a certain sort of pleasurable sensation, akin to that of adding hot water to a hot foot bath.

The irritation of the flesh is caused by the softening fluid first put upon it to soften it. If this is scratched in, the wound is made more difficult to bear. It is said that if a needle is inserted in the skin exactly where the mosquito inserted its drain pipe, and two drops of blood are removed, all the poison is thereby taken and the itching ceases. Rubbing a little onion juice on a mosquito bite is said to relieve the itch and to keep mosquitoes away. Mosquitoes also dislike the odor of lemon.

The “Gambusiafinis”

The gambusia apinis, a little fish three quarters of an inch long, that makes its habitat off the coast of Florida, is one of the most efficient destroyers of mosquitoes. In a half an hour a dozen of these will eat a pint of mosquito larvae. In twenty-four hours this little fish devours sixty times its own weight in mosquito larva?, its favorite food.

Referring to the prodigious appetite of the gambusia apinis one of the New York newspapers several times miscalled it “gambusiafinis”. It was not a half bad error. The gambusia spells the finis of the mosquito in jig time when inserted in the place where he breeds. Goldfish and pollywogs eat mosquito larva? with great gusto, also. Dragon flies are fond of them, too. They take them on the wing, as do many varieties of birds, bats, spiders, lizards and frogs.

It has been discovered that if a barn stands between a swamp and a house the residents of the house will be comparatively free from annoyance. The mosquitoes get as far as the barn, and as they prefer horse meat to human, the human escapes.

A Frenchman has met with some success in substituting in a certain locality what we might call good mosquitoes for bad ones. As a result, a district which was notoriously bad is now populated by a certain variety that avoids man, probably because of the saline condition of his blood.

A §60,000 Mosquito

At the national capital in May, 1930, $60,000 was appropriated to fight mosquitoes on the White House lawn. A gentleman who had lived for twenty years in the immediate vicinity testified he had never seen one or heard one. The appropriation contained an item of $9,000 for automobiles. The House turned the legislation down, but a letter from the president insisted that it be passed, and it was.

America cannot afford to have a mosquito buzzing around on the White House lawn, not as long as we can afford $9,000 for automobiles to chase it. At the time this $60,000 mosquito was being hunted for on the White House lawn, the president was at Rapidan. We cannot afford to have a great man like Herbert Hoover bitten by a $60,000 mosquito, and so while the hunt was on he was away.

Governments do not feel as wealthy now as they did in 1928, but in that year the federal and state governments expended upward of $100,000,000 in the war against mosquitoes. Poison gases were used, deadly acids and powders, oil, fish and birds.

Airplane dusting was found a good method. A plane flies low over a mosquito swamp, spreading a Paris green mixture or oil. By this method from 80 percent to 90 percent of the larvae are destroyed, and it is cheaper and quicker than the old-fashioned hand-spraying.

There are some plants that feed on mosquito larvae. One of these, the bladderwort, has small bladders in which to entrap the larvae. One of the water ferns is also deadly to them. It is thought that the growing plant releases chemicals inimical to four of the varieties. In any event, it is known that the chara fragilis, as it is called, gives off oxygen bubbles which are fatal to larvae when they are in the wiggler stage.

The very interesting and important discovery has been made that clover, peas and beans furnish a juice called coumarin which does not destroy the mosquito but which does kill the amoeba of malaria which may be in the mosquito, with the result that there is no malaria in a region which grows these useful and valuable crops. Citronella grass, which grows only in the tropics, is a mosquito repellent.

That it is necessary that the mosquito be controlled is suggested by the fact that malaria, which is a mosquito-borne disease, is believed to have brought the downfall of Greece and Rome. It is claimed that Alexander the Great died of malaria.

Shocking Way of Dealing with Mosquitoes

An accidental but altogether shocking way of disposing of mosquitoes was discovered at the General Electric Company's laboratory at Lynn, Mass. It seems that the male mosquito has bushy antenna projecting from the side of his head. These enable him to locate the presence of the singing female anywhere for several miles around. Well, the heartless engineers put up a job on the male mosquitoes. They devised a hummer that sounds exactly like a singing female. The males came in droves and got cooked to death by the million. This probably served them right.

Outright electrocution of all kinds of insects has also been resorted to. A weak current is run through a transformer into wire gauze. Any insect alighting upon the gauze is electrocuted. During the day, bait is used to attract the in-s^ts and at night a light is placed inside the gauze.

The Gorgas plan of mosquito destruction, which changed Panama from a center of malaria and yellow fever to a health resort, is based on the destruction of mosquito larvae by a special type of drainage and other permanent work. Yellow fever had been rampant in Havana for 150 years and was conquered by the Gorgas plan in eight months.

The Gorgas plan has been put into effect in the marshlands to be found within the area of Greater New York. In one section alone 1,500,000 feet of ditches were dug. In inland districts where draining was not feasible the mosquitobreeding swamps were covered with fuel oil, which kills the larva?.

Sportsmen have objected that the drainage of swamps not only kills off the mosquitoes but also kills off the birds that feed upon them, and when the swamps are oiled it kills the larvae but it also kills the fish. But it is evidently important to reduce the number of mosquitoes, even if it does result in fewer birds and fish. The wishes of the game killers may well be ignored; the business of taking wild life is a bad business.

The Shingles of the Butterfly

Laid on with meticulous care, overlapping each other in the same mannei- as shingles on a roof, the little shingles that cover the frame of the butterfly are among the most beautiful things of which we have any knowledge. Not all of these shingles are filled with coloring matter, but many of them are. Some of the colors are obtained by interference, the breaking-up of the rays of light when they hit the tiny ridges found on some of the shingles.

These shingles help to give firmness to the butterfly’s wings. They average about 1/100 of an inch long by a width one-fourth as great. Each is a little flattened sac, which may have either granules of coloring matter or simply air. In the case of the males these sacs give off an odor supposed to be attractive to the females. A male may completely envelope a female in these odors.

The shingles can be removed from a butterfly’s house, but he is still a butterfly, though all his beauty is gone. It is the exquisite way in which the shingles are laid on, and the tricks that are played on the eye, that make him so beautiful. Examined under the microscope it is found that a beautiful bronzed blue is not blue at all. It looks blue because a quite plain brown has a transparent shingle top resting upon it, and the light is interfered with in such a way as to make the color appear different from what it really is.

Certain butterflies which have unusually large and strong scales are known to make faint squeaking noises by the rubbing together of the fore and hind wings. The noise is caused by the shingles’ shifting their position as the house beneath them is moved.

One of the first creatures to venture out of doors in the spring is the so-called “mourning cloak’’. It does its eating as a caterpillar. As a butterfly it may sip the honey from a flower, but that is all.

Africa Its True Home

In Africa, the true home of the butterfly, a writer describes a migration of small white butterflies, something like the cabbage white, which he estimates to have been 600 miles long. They all flew within fifty feet of the ground. When they came to a house they flew up and over it and down again, and with trees proceeded in the same way. The heaviest rainstorms did not stop them or turn them aside. Those that lived kept on; those that died were not missed.

In their migrations in Africa it sometimes happens that one kind of butterfly will be going in one direction and one in another. If the paths meet or cross at any angle there is no confusion; both kinds keep to their course. Some of the migrations northward take groups as far as Iceland. Probably none of these survive the Icelandic winters, but there will be more from Africa to take their place the next year.

Some kinds of butterflies, as, for instance, the black-marked milkweed butterfly, migrate southward in the fall, while the southern cabbage butterfly reverses the procedure and migrates southward in the spring. The birds take millions of them, but there are millions to take.

Travelers in Ceylon report having passed through a swarm of butterflies so thick that the wheels of the auto skidded and the car with difficulty made headway through them for seven minutes. Migrations of the large cabbage white butterfly over Germany are sometimes so thick as to resemble a snowstorm.

Butterflies have various odors, according to the variety. Most of the odors are like the flowers upon which they feed; others have a repellent odor and even the birds will not eat them. It has been noticed that some butterflies are like some humans. After they have once mated they are never of any use afterwards.

A woman in Iowa has a butterfly farm. Though starting it as a hobby, she has made it a paying proposition by raising some four hundred varieties in a screened porch and selling them. Specimens are mounted for tray and table decorations, and for the use of schools.

The big blue butterfly of Brazil has been so much sought as an article of commerce that the state has had to enact legislation to protect it.

Gsiting Rid of Moths

If we could just get rid of the moths that corrupt we would save about $200,000,000 a year. Moths do not attack garments that are worn as often as once a week, or that are brushed, cleaned or^- beaten twice a month. No practical treatment known will render wearing apparel absolutely immune.

Naphthalene, in the form of flakes or mothballs, is very effective, as is also paradichlorobenzol. Camphor is good for tight chests, and so is pyrethrum powder. Dry heat at 100 degrees for eight hours will finish the living inhabitants of stuffed furniture. One night of zero temperature will do the same thing. Moths are also discouraged by alternations of heat and cold. They do not like the smell of cedar oil, and will not stay in closets lined with Tennessee red cedar.

There are several large green caterpillars which weave for themselves silken cocoons in which to pass the winter, and in the spring they emerge as emperor moths. The death's head moth of Europe and Asia robs beehives and continues feeding on the honey until stung to death. When excited he utters a piteous mouse-like squeak. Persons with sharp ears can hear the caterpillars of the privet hawk moth crunch lilac leaves.

A fly which was imported from Europe to act as a parasite on the gypsy and brown tail moths so plentiful in New England has proven well adapted to its work. Certain collections of the larvie of the satin moth were found parasitized as much as 78 percent by this agent. Some fifty other agents were employed for the purpose, about fifteen of which have accomplished something.

In July, 1932, New York city had an invasion of moths that were once measuring worms. To check a similiar invasion in 1862 the English sparrow was imported and has killed off most of our American song-birds. It has proven one of the worst pests ever brought into the country.

One or Two Bee Items

On other occasions we have published articles on bees, sometimes several pages long. Here we mention one or two odd items. A French scientist claims that bees are guided solely by odor and will often pass a scentless flower stored with honey for one having a sweet perfume and little sugar.

Bees had a good time near Karlovac, Serbia. In moving a freight car it became derailed and a jar of honey was cracked. A few bees sniffed it and sent home for volunteers. The swarm came about the time the wrecking car arrived and they stayed with the honey until it was all cleaned up. The wreckers had to give it up until sundown.

Did you know that bees would eat grapes? A grape grower claims that they do, and that when the days are very warm he has known a swarm to settle down on a vine and leave nothing but the empty skins of what had been luscious fruit. Yellow jackets are more destructive of grapes than are the bees, but both know how to puncture the skin and make off with the nectar. Bees yield honey of the value of $6,000,000 annually. They are essential to the production of satisfactory crops of most orchard fruits.

Some Marvels of the Spider

The spider, speaking technically, is not an insect. Most insects have wings; the spider has none, yet it is so good an aeronaut as to fly for fifty miles or more out over the sea in an airplane of its own construction. Most insects have feelers or antenna?; the spiders have none, yet spiders speak to one another by vibrations. An insect has three pairs of legs; a spider has four. Insects have three pairs of jaws; spiders have two pairs.

At the end of the spider’s legs are curved toothed claws. By means of these claws a spider will hold on to a ceiling. If his hold slips, he instantly pays out the drag rope which is always trailing behind him, and, instead of ignominiously falling, descends with dignity on a cable made for the purpose. Sometimes he comes part way down, reascends, and takes up his journey where he left off, meantime taking up the cable.

Every variety of spider has its own peculiar kind of web, and the little spiders when they come into the world have the knowledge of how to make that particular form of web. The general plan of all webs is the same. First placed are the foundation lines, which may be three or four in number. The second step is to drop a perpendicular from the middle of the top foundation line to the middle of the bottom one. The third step is to put in the rays, all of which start at the center and are hauled taut. The fourth step is to start at the center and lay down the temporary spiral, and the last step is to start at the circumference and make the viscid permanent spiral. As this last spiral is laid the temporary spiral is taken up.

The method by which a spider connects two trees a dozen feet apart is to let down a perpendicular from one tree, descend it, cross the intervening area, taking advantage of a favorable wind if possible, ascend the other tree and haul the line taut. After that the web can be placed anywhere desired.

The Heartless Females

The young male spider contemplating matrimony has to stop, look and listen. Not only is the lady of his choice fickle, but she is many times his size, and frequently the dead and juiceless skeletons of his brothers decorate her apartments. Indeed, some of the heartless creatures make a business of eating their husbands when they have no further use for them.

The hunting spider has been seen to dance in more than one hundred circles in front of his lady love, humping himself up first on one side and then on the other, in the effort to win her admiration. One kind of hunting spider brings with him a present of a choice fly neatly wrapped in silk.

The web-spinning spider comes up to the web of his lady love and strokes a thread of the net, setting up peculiar vibrations which the lady spider recognizes. The males often fight together to determine who shall have the right to enter a certain web the entrance of which may mean death.

The female spiders, though savage sweethearts, are good mothers. Some of them carry their eggs about with them wherever they go, all carefully wrapped in silk so as to protect them from injury. When the eggs mature, fully developed spiders issue forth from them. All spiders are poisonous.

The silk for a spider’s net is exuded from its body as a liquid jet which hardens instantaneously upon exposure to the air. Though it is but one two-thousandth as large as a horsehair it is so strong that a spider has been known to entrap a mouse, a snake nine inches long, frogs and toads. In the case of the mouse, by an intricate engineering feat the tiny creature lifted the heavy body of its victim into its net.

In New Guinea the Papuans use spider webs for fishnets. The Papuans build the frames, stick them up in the forest where the giant spiders will see them, and shortly have good nets well able to hold for the purpose.

The Wonderful Water Spider

'There is a variety of spider that, though it is an air-breathing insect, lives under the water for hours at a time, builds its nest there, and rears its young by means of air which it stores in a reservoir made of silk. It may swim on the surface of the water on its back until it has collected a quantity of air, when it suddenly dives, carrying the air with it for use below the surface, as occasion may require.

One mother spider makes a trapdoor nest, sunk deep in the earth. The shaft is smooth, plastered,and fitted with a lid with a silken hinge. It provides a safe home for her babies while they are growing up and getting ready to shift for themselves.

The word “spider” is a corruption of the word “spinner” or “spinster”, the spinning one. “Cob” is an old name for spider, hence the origin of the name “cobweb”. The spider’s teeth are merely for holding his victim. He takes only liquid food. He has from six to eight eyes.

Brazil has spiders a foot across, the most repulsive creatures imaginable. These spiders catch humming birds and other creatures of equal size. The black widow, more or less common from New Hampshire to Patagonia, will sometimes, under great provocation, attack humans. A single bite has been known to kill a horse. It is spreading very rapidly in the Hawaiian Islands at the present time.

A woman in Tatsfield, England, makes a living by winding spider threads upon cards, for use in the manufacture of scientific instruments.

Spiders are extremely sensitive to changes of the weather. In advance of an impending wind or rain they will often be seen hard at work shortening the strands that support the web.

In Mexico there are spiders which live in societies, construct common nests of large dimensions, and have their food supplies in common. The nests are kept with utmost cleanliness by little creatures, Latricides, which nourish themselves on everything cast off by the spiders.

Other Little Friends of Man

While there are some scientists that profess to believe that the ultimate owners of the earth and everything in it will be giant spiders, yet the general and manifestly the correct view is that spiders are a blessing to man because they help to keep down the insects that prey upon man’s food. The general view is that it is the insects, and not the spiders, with which man is waging a fight to the death, and that man must find some way to control the insects or he is done for as a resident of earth.

Among the insects there are numerous parasites which, like the spiders, subsist entirely upon animal life, i. e., upon other insects or their larvae. The little wasp, bracon mellitor, is one of these. It lays its eggs in the hole in which the boll weevil has deposited its egg. The parasite larva, on hatching, bores into the boll weevil larva and eats it up; so good-bye, boll weevil.

Pecan growers have found a little friend in the trichogramma minutum. This friendly little sinner, which is almost invisible to human eyes, lays its eggs in multiple sets of twins inside the eggs of the foe of the pecan grower known as the nut case borer, and the hopes of the borer of raising a nice large family all perish.

There is a somewhat similar little wasp which it is believed will be useful in keeping down the coddling moth, a pest that produces worms in apples. This parasite is being studied at the Moorestown (N.J.) laboratory. The trichogramma minutum is being bred in quantities at Brownwood, Texas.

In California, for many years, the ladybug has been bred for use in the citrus groves. It has an appetite for mealy bugs, and mealy bugs have an appetite for oranges and other citrus fruits. If the ladybug lands on the mealy bug before the mealy bug lands on the orange it is good-bye, mealy bug.

It is believed that some parasite will be found that can be used in checking the ravages of the corn borer. A careful study is being made of the parasites preying upon the borer in Europe, from which place the pest came. In the selection of a parasite great care must be taken, because these little ‘critters’ when moved to a new location sometimes change their natural habits and develop an embarrassing taste for some other kind of food that it is not convenient to give them. Every effort is made to avoid a parasite which by any chance might become harmful to plant growth or to the beneficial parasites.

Texas has a blood-sucking and disease-spreading parasite known as the cattle tick. A way has been found to control this tick, which is done by dipping the cattle in some solution harmless to them but death-dealing to the tick. It is said that by this method a ranch can be freed from ticks for about 30c an acre, and with much profit to the rancher.

The V ermicelli Department

“Vermicelli” means, literally, “little worms,” so the idea that may arise in some suspicious minds that here is a covert attack on the spaghetti manufacturers is without foundation. In an article like this we must say something about little worms, so here goes.

One of the most useful little creatures in existence is the silkworm. It comes into the world with a good appetite. Almost as soon as hatched it will devour twice its weight in leaves at one sitting. Wild silkworms, when hatched, climb upward in search of leafy food, but domestic silkworms merely wave their heads about and wait to be fed. (In Japan girls are employed whose sole duty it is to feed mulberry leaves to the silkworms.) A silkworm spins three hundred yards of fine silk around itself when it is nine weeks old, and thus does more to honor its Creator than an evolutionist, in the pulpit or out, would do in nine hundred years.

Cutworms, of various kinds, do much harm to the food plants of man. The cutworm moth lays her eggs on weeds and grass in the late summer. When the eggs hatch, the worms feed for a while and then enter the ground, where they make a little nest for the winter. In the spring they come out with good appetites and are ready for business. A garden plowed or spaded late in the fall disturbs the nests and kills many of the worms. In the spring they can be kept down by poisoned bait. Some of these troublesome little rascals seem to take a delight in cutting useful plants completely off at about the point where they emerge from the ground.

When worms get into flour or other food in the home, the only thing to do with it is to give it to the chickens. It is no longer fit for human consumption. Some birds will not touch wormy flour.

In New Zealand are found glowworms which hang suspended in caves by a short thread. When a tiny insect touches the thread it is lost beyond all hope. The thread is wound up into the body of the glowworm, and the insect is then and there taken for its last ride.

{To be continued)

Flying Feathers

Vatican Continues to Slip

SHEETS of thin glass pasted across existing cracks in the Vatican continue to split and shatter, showing that the old pile continues to gravitate to its ultimate doom, oblivion.

Smoking and Drinking at Princeton

IN THE annual questionnaire of Princeton seniors, 338 admitted that they smoke, while 105 do not smoke; 430 acknowledge that they drink, while 70 claim to be teetotalers.

Across Australia in Ten Hours

A MAIL plane loaded with 13 passengers recently flew across Australia from Perth to Adelaide, 1,450 miles, in 10 hours. Conditions for flying were excellent, as there was a strong tail wind throughout the flight.

Naval Establishments May Be Closed

THE Government may close the naval establishments at New Orleans, Portsmouth, Key West, Charleston, Newport, as of no essential value. About 4,875 men will lose their jobs if this economy is put into effect.

Chicago Having a Bad Time

CHICAGO has been having a bad time. In a single month 40 banks closed, one of which, the Chicago Bank of Commerce, had deposits of more than $10,000,000. The Chicago people, nervous and excited, helped to wreck their own financial institutions, bringing suffering on themselves.

Italy's New City, Littoria

ITALY'S new city, Littoria, will be located in the center of what for centuries have been the Pontine marshes, uninhabitable by man. The marshes have been drained by a series of lesser canals draining into the Mussolini canal, which is in fact an artificial river. It is believed the district drained will provide homes for at least 100,000 people.

Military Tactics in Wisconsin

WE BO not know in what college they received their instruction, but tour men entered a village in Wisconsin, cut all communications, slugged a watchman unconscious, blew open two safes, searched a hotel, broke open all doors that were closed, shot up the tires of an automobile and. as they l°ft, threw tear-gas bombs into several rooms of the hotel.

1 in 28 Out of Work

A REPORT of the International Labor Office, connected with the League of Nations, estimates that one person in twenty-eight throughout the world is now out of work through no fault of his own. The depression is world-wide.

Vegetarians and Meat-Eaters

IN GERMANY 8 vegetarians and 14 meateaters raced 70 miles. All the vegetarians arrived within the required time of 14 hours. An hour and a half after the last vegetarian had finished, a single meat-eater straggled in. All the rest of the meat-eaters fell out on the way.

What Becomes of Auto Tires?

WHAT becomes of the auto tires? It is estimated that every year 50,000,000 pounds of them, valued at more than $1,000,000, go to make soles for shoes in China, Mexico, Spain and Portugal. In some of these lands the inner tubes are worked up into overshoes.

World Bank Cuts a Melon

THE World Bank, at Basle, Switzerland, is so new that it is still cutting its teeth, but it is already cutting melons. Last year the bank cleared $2,145,000 in profits, and would have made another $500,000 but for the Hoover moratorium. It has split up 24,600 shares of stock among its holders.

Shrinkage in Erlanger Estate

AY not up for yourselves treasures upon earth.” Abraham L. Erlanger, theatrical producer, at the time of his death, March 7,1930, was believed to be worth about $75,000,000. When his estate was settled up he was found to be worth $124.20 in cash, plus $1,270,252 in debts uncollected or uncollectible. Besides cash and debts, he left an ex-wife and a common law wife.

One-Third of Income Goes for Taxes

CM. Chester, Jr., president of the General • Foods Corporation, in a nation wide broadcast, has pointed out that national, state and local government expenditures in 1932 are liable to be one-third of the national income. In this connection, William Randolph Hearst wants to know if we could not save some money by having fewer and better congressmen, and it seems not a had suggestion. Now who will tie the bell on the cat?

An Electric Arc 60 Feet Long

AT THE laboratory of the General Electric

Company, Pittsfield, on June 9, specially designed apparatus of 10,000,000-volt capacity emitted an arc light sixty feet long by twenty feet in height. The maximum current delivered during the discharge was 50,000,000 amperes.

New York Teachers Have Given Freely

MOVED by human sympathy, and to save a cut in their own wages, New York city teachers have in the past two years given $2,225,000 for feeding and clothing needy children. More than $400,000 of this amount went for the purchase of boys’ and girls’ shoes.

Education at Clinton Prison

AT CLINTON (New York) prison the auditorium has been divided into small classrooms and a system has been established whereby the inmates work half a day and go to school half a day. More than two hundred of the prisoners are taking academic instruction.

Kidnapings in Seven Years

IN THE country at large 285 recorded kidnapings have taken place in the last seven years. In 70 of these cases the abductors were caught. In many instances the ones kidnaped were bootleggers who dared not appeal to the police for redress after payment of the ransom imposed.

Ahab’s House of Ivory

AHAB’S house of ivory, mentioned by the

Prophet Amos, has been found in Samaria. Indeed, some of the pieces of carved ivory that went into the making of the house have also been found. These are in the form of decorative panels which may have been set in the walls or may have been in the ivory bed mentioned in Amos 6:4.

“Mankind’s Faltering Trust in Democracy”

IN HIS invocation at the Republican National

Convention at Chicago, Rabbi Isserman of St. Louis made mention of “mankind’s faltering trust in democracy” and in view of what some of the Teapot Dome statesmen have done to us in the past, his words do not seem to have been badly chosen. Meantime, Mussolini, on the other side of the world, running a show which was financed by America, says derisively, and with more truth than poetry, “Democracy is nothing. The people are nothing, and can do nothing.”

Motor Bus Statistics

DUE to reductions in fares, motor bus revenues last year were but $270,000,000, as against $290,000,000 for the year previous. The buses are now running over 898,000 miles of routes, or about four times the mileage of the railroads. Five-eighths of the buses are engaged in carrying children to and from school.

Dead Miners Still on the Pay Roll

TpIGHT entombed miners in Czechoslovakia, though they have undoubtedly been dead for at least a month, are claimed by their relatives to be still on the pay roll, owing to the fact that the law requires that their- employers must bring them to the surface at the end of their work.

Mizpah Definitely Located

THE site of ancient Mizpah has now been definitely located, near Ramallah, just north of Jerusalem. On that site has just been found the seal of Jaazaniah, one of the officers in King Zedekiah’s army, mentioned in 2 Kings 25:23, at the very place where he reported to Gedaliah, as stated.

Governor Seligman, of New Mexico

Governor Seligman, of New Mexico, has exiled from the state a woman of Lovington, N. Mex., who refused to permit her children to be vaccinated. The woman probably knows that bedbugs are the only carriers of smallpox, and if she has her home free from them she does not need the governor's fetish.

Railroads That Use Aluminum

A FOLDER announces that among the railroads that use aluminum cooking utensils are the Southern, A.C.L., Rock Island, C.&A., P.R.R., G.N., N.P., M.P., I.C., U.P., S.P., Santa Fe, L.&N., M.K.&T., C.M.&St.P., and C.B.&Q. On June 1 the Aluminum Company of America made a 10-percent cut in salaries and wages.

New Uses for Aluminum

NEW uses are being found for aluminum, since the discovery that it is not fit for cooking utensils. Not only are barrows now being made of it, thus lightening the strain on the backs of the workers, but it has been worked up into the bodies of coal trucks. Nearly a ton more coal can be hauled on each trip than if the trucks are made of the heavier metal steel.

Increase of Number of Insane

IN THE year 1890 the number of insane was 118 per 100,000 of population; in the year 1928 the number was 258 per 100,000 population. Insanity is three times as frequent in army as in civil communities, and during time of war there is another threefold increase even over this.

Michigan Has a Traveling Bank

IN A DISTRICT of Michigan where there are many defunct banks the Ionia National Bank has evolved an armored bank which goes from town to town with machine guns as protection, making loans and receiving deposits in buildings of the local closed banks.

One Child Had Chicken Pox

ON THE liner Tuscania, one day out from Bombay to Liverpool, a child came down ■with chicken pox. When the boat arrived in Liverpool every one of the 1,200 persons on board had a sore arm. The ship surgeon and two other doctors vaccinated everybody on board. Profitable scare, eh ?

Now Would Be a Good Time

SINCE Mr. Hoover has offered to work for $1 a year, now would be a good time for the congressmen to give back the extra $2,500 a year which they added to their salaries a short time ago. And New York’s mayor got a big raise, too, besides all the huge donations that entered his tin box.

Old Age Pensions Profitable

TN WISCONSIN, California, Montana, Wyo--*■ ming, and Utah, the five states where they have been giving old age pensions for periods of two years or more, it has been found that the average pension of $20.60 per month is less than half of the average cost of patients in poorhouses, which cost runs to about $43.20 per inmate.

$25 000,000 Less in Ads

fDHE national advertisers cut their budgets 10 percent in 1931, with the result that the newspapers had to get along with $25,000,000 less receipts. That one fact has caused many newspapers to go to their last resting place. Tobacco advertisers increased their ads by about $5,000,000, in the effort to enslave as many young women as possible, and to increase their outlet.

Bank Clearings Off 52 Percent from Year Ago

YEAR ago everybody thought business was in awful shape, and so it was. But now business men would be glad for even a few days as bright as those we had a year ago. Bank clearings have fallen off 52 percent from what they were a year ago.

Pullman Company Improves Upper Berths

THE Pullman Company has devised a dressing platform and dormer window for upper berths, and has the improvement in effect on a train between Chicago and Detroit. The platform is about 14x19 and allows a six-foot man to stand erect while dressing. Patrons are well pleased with the improvement.

Henry Ford Thinks Banks Useless

Henry Ford thinks that a community that has been favored with a bank failure has proven very well that it can get along without banks. The bank is supposed to be a safe place to deposit money; if it is not that, it injures those whom it is supposed to serve. One thing is sure: many American communities are now finding out what it is like not to have any bank in their midst, and they still go on somehow.

Glaciers, Earth’s Worst Roads

THE glacier, the mountaineer’s road to the summit of the highest peaks, has the distinction of being the worst road in the world. The middle flows faster than the sides, resulting in cracks large enough to engulf a house. Inequalities in the underlying rock cause the already cracked ice to be subjected to shearing strains. When covered with snow, every step of the way must be tested with prodding poles. The Humboldt glacier, in Greenland, has a mouth eighty miles wide.

America’s Immense Flying Business

UNITED Air Lines alone fly 6,000,000 miles a year at night, which is more than all the day and night flying of all the European nations combined. And that is only one company. The airways are illuminated from New York to San Francisco, Boston to Washington, Dallas to St. Louis, and San Francisco to Seattle. The pilots know where they are and what is ahead. They are in constant telephone conversation with the ground, and are equipped with powerful landing lights and parachute flares so that the landing risks are now relatively negligible.

Sales Tax in Mississippi

MISSISSIPPI, faced with a $12,000,000 deficit in the state treasury, and unable to raise any money on property, on account of the depression in the farming business, now has in effect a general sales tax which is estimated to produce $1,000,000 a year revenue. The tax has been added to every item and is being paid by the citizens without complaint.

Taking No Chances on Prayers

THE Republican National Convention took no chances on not having the right kind of prayers. They had an Episcopal bishop from Washington, D. C., a Roman Catholic prelate from Chicago, and a Jewish rabbi from St. Louis, to open the different sessions. Nobody can accuse the republicans of not showing a nice sense of balance in their prayer department.

A Well-Watered Senate

WE HAVE a well-watered senate. We don’t mean by that that they drink any water out of the old well. Apparently they do not even drink it from the spigot. They seem to drink it only from the bottle. The senate’s bill for bottled waters for one year was $3,374.20, or about $35 per senator. It must be good water to be worth all that.

Gold from Bottom of Ocean

AFTER four years, the Italian salvage vessel

Artiglio not only located the steamship Egypt, which went down in 400 feet of water off Ushant, but at this writing has recovered from the bullion room about one million dollars of the gold cargo, with four million dollars more expected to be recovered shortly, along with some $14,000,000 in paper money. This is the greatest salvaging feat in history on account of the great depths encountered.

Ireland In for More Trouble

IRELAND is in for more trouble. The pope blessed the eucharistic congress at Dublin, and then wound up by blessing the whole of Ireland. We are not sure if the results are as bad when given by wireless as when bestowed in person, but the outlook is very dark. The blessing was given in Latin, so that nobody would understand what was said. Atmospheric conditions were unfavorable, and only a word or two here and there could be heard. Maybe this will soften the blow somewhat.

Some of Capone’s Methods

TN ESPITE the vast sums that passed through U his hands it is said that Al Capone never kept a bank account nor books of any sort. He was never actively concerned in violence, but always two or three removes away. In one case no fewer than fourteen men were murdered lest their testimony should inculpate the real brains of the gang that had Chicago by the throat.

Breaking Up of Home Units

TT IS very sad to learn that the depression has J- caused the breaking-up of many more than a thousand homes in New York city, for there are more than 5,000 more children in institutions and boarding homes at public expense than there were at its beginning. Their parents, after every sacrifice, were not able to make it go and had to give up the dearest things in life.

Barlow Death Machine Nullifies Naval Plans THE Barlow death machine, invented by Lester P. Barlow, Stamford, Conn., will, it is claimed, destroy all property and life in a section a quarter of a mile wide and a mile long, and can be operated either by an attendant close at hand or by remote control. The statement has been made on the floor of the Senate that it will make obsolete all present naval and military armaments.

Siam Goes Constitutional

SIAM, one of the few absolute monarchies remaining, has imprisoned a bunch of princes and gone constitutional. In order to retain his job the king has accepted the situation and has given his approval to the new government. Would it not be a strange thing if shortly after Siam went constitutional we should have a Big Business dictatorship in America, Siam moving forward and America backward?

Four Suicides per Day

IN THE five boroughs of New York city there

is an average of four suicides every day; that is 20 annually for every 100,000 people. But there are worse cities for suicides than New York. In the following towns the first in the list is more than twice as bad as New York, while even the last one named is one and a half times as bad: Madison, Sacramento, San Diego, Cedar Rapids, Seattle, Davenport, San Francisco, Macon, Fort Wayne, Portland (Oreg.), Tacoma, Decatur, Savannah, Elmira, Sioux City.

Motor Fits into Thimble yet Pulls Pound Weight AN ELECTRIC motor so tiny that it fits into a thimble, but powerful enough to pull a one-pound weight, has been produced by John Lakota, Cleveland watchmaker. It is three-eighths of an inch high, weighs an eighth of an ounce, and operates on an ordinary lighting circuit. Lakota spent three years making the parts and assembling them under a microscope. The wire on the coils is as fine as human hair.

Too Many Government Posts

BETWEEN 1900 and 1910 the number of competitive posts in the civil service doubled, and in the next succeeding twelve years doubled again. Since 1922 there have been about 50,000 additional government posts created. The department of agriculture has managed to place 25,000 persons on its pay roll, and if the farmer is any better off because of it he does not know it.

Rockefeller Ditches Prohibition

John D. Rockefeller, Jr., has publicly disowned prohibition. He now admits that the $350,000 which he and his father gave to the Anti-Saloon League failed to accomplish the good results hoped for. No doubt this marks the beginning of a general repudiation by Big Business of their past alliance with the Big Preachers that have conducted the Anti-Saloon League.

Talking Movies at Chicago

AT THE University of Chicago next fall the life of a plant, spanning six months, will be shown in ten minutes to the accompaniment of asynchronized lecture by a famous botanist. Pictures will be taken of phenomena which cannot be seen by the naked eye, and then shown simultaneously to hundreds of students now compelled to line up and take tedious turns at the microscope.

A Good Rebuke to Jazz

ONE of the greatest radio stations, unable to decide what songs to place on the program, asked listeners to write in and name their choice. Of some six thousand letters received, out of the seven songs highest on the list, only one was new. The songs the people love are those that are sweet. Jazz is really in disfavor with the people, and is never sent out over any Watch Tower station.

Most Ominous Economic Crisis

IN OPENING the Lausanne reparations conference Prime Minister MacDonald said in part: “We meet under the shadow of the most ominous economic crisis that has ever afflicted the world in time of peace. In this world catastrophe it matters not what the color of the government in authority, the State is being impoverished and the incomes of the nations are going down.”

The Ford Profits

THE Ford profits go up and down with the advent of new models. Normally $100,000,000 a year, there was a loss of $30,000,000 a year during the two years when the Model A was being brought out, and last year there was a loss of $53,000,000, when the four-cylinder car was made an eight. It looks as if it costs upward of $150,000,000 to design a new Ford model and get all parts of the production equipment up to previous levels.

The Charges of Admiral Degouy

WHILE the American and other delegates at Geneva have been considering how to disarm without disarming, Admiral Degouy has enlivened the atmosphere by charging that America leads in all kinds of old and new poison gas and chemical smokes, and that Britain comes next. The American gas headquarters, so he charges, is at Edgewood, Ill., while the British location is at Porton, near Salisbury. He claims that for the past seven years the British have been expending $1,600,000 to $2,000,000 per year developing poisonous gases and protective smokes, but that America has them outpoisoned and outsmoked, even at that.

A Confession by Lloyd George

TN A RECENT address to newspaper men T Lloyd George made the following summary of results accomplished by international conferences :

Armaments are bigger, more powerful, and more shattering than ten years ago, after ten years of handshaking and ten years of agreement at every conference that has been held. We have never yet seen or heard of a conference that did not md in complete accord, complete agreement that yon must have disarmament, complete agreement that disarmament must be by somebody else, complete agreement that you must remove the barriers against trade, and equally complete agreement that it is somebody else who has got to do it.

Winnipeg’s Municipally Owned Plants

WINNIPEG’S municipally owned electric light, heating and power plants have piled up assets of $38,000,000. In the last ten years, though the growth of the city has been slow, the increase in kilowatt hours of electric current generated and purchased has increased 500 percent. In 1906 the rate of electric current in Winnipeg was 20c per kilowatt hour; in 1922 it was 2^c; now it is less than lc. To be exact it is .879c.

Chinese Slow to Respond

THE Chinese are slow to respond to the call of civilization. It had been hoped by Western munition makers that after the terrible treatment they received at Shanghai they would be progressive, like Japan, and make a good market for machine guns, gas masks and the other accoutrements of civilization; but no, the stubborn Chinks have set out on a program of road building, which they think will be their best protection against constantly recurring famines and banditry.

Governments Ridicule Disarmament

A WRITER in the Cleveland Plain Dealer well says: “The masses of the people really do want to abolish war, but the governments do not. The only practical proposals at Geneva have been received with ridicule. They are perfectly willing to discuss disarmament over there, as long as the schemes are not practical and effective. Every Geneva disarmament meeting is a fresh notice to the world that the governments represented at the conferences have not the slightest intention of disarming.”

One-Third Drunk, One-Third Sober

THE greatest men in the world have spoken.

After years of wrangling and months of discussion the statesmen have told the world what to do. It is just as well to read the headlines, and let it go at that, as it is to delve into the matter more deeply. The headlines for a day read: “Hoover Asks W^Torld Arms Reduction by One-Third”; “Britain, France and Japan Object to Hoover Proposals”; “Capitol Hill Backs Hoover’s Proposal for Arms Cuts”; “Hoover’s Proposals Win Acclaim in Germany”; “London Finds New Hope in Hoover’s Arms Proposal”; “France Is Divided in Opinion on Hoover’s Plan.” Now, there you are! Isn’t that satisfying? As happy as a man one-third drunk and one-third sober!

If Kreuger Is Living

IF Kreuger is living in the interior of French China, as some have declared, and if he has with him the $200,000,000 in gold which seems to be missing, he must laugh aloud w’hen he reads the story of how he fooled one of the biggest banking houses in the world into thinking that he had $70,000,000 of assets in Europe which he did not have at all. It seems that all he had to do was to say he had this or that, and it was all OK with Lee, Higginson & Company.

No Monopoly of the Art of Healing

A BRITISH court, Sir Ernest Wild sitting, has made the sensible ruling that the medical profession has no monopoly of the art of healing and cannot rule a fellow man from healing the universe, if he were able to do so. He concluded that many have survived with great success the dislike of the medical profession, and expressed the opinion that osteopaths and others who profess the art of healing in various directions have as much right to treat patients as any medical doctor could have. Sensible man.

The Fee System of Robbery

WHEN there is a dearth of work, as at present, it is a theory of political economy that the workers will shift from place to place until they have found work, but today when they try it there are many localities where they are liable to arrest as vagrants. When arrested the officer who picks them up gets $3, the judge who sentences them gets $3, and the jailer who boards them ten days gets $10, about $9.40 of which is profit. The honest taxpayers foot the bill and also feed the unfortunate prisoner’s wife and children. This fee system is nothing short of high-handed robbery.

Chicago Police to the Rescue

ONE sometimes wonders just what service Chicago’s police render to the citizens. Cornelius Vanderbilt, Jr., tells us. Outside a Chicago swimming pool he saw police arrest an unfortunate boy who had pleaded for a nickel to get a cup of coffee. Inside, some male guests who had had too much to drink went into the pool without a stitch on, and in a few minutes were followed by a dozen men and women also in the nude. But they were representatives of Chicago’s most wealthy and exclusive set. The police protected them in their right to do anything illegal they pleased.

Savage Surgeons of South America

MANY skulls of South American warriors show trephining, which is considered a difficult and dangerous operation. It is believed that the native surgeons had some sort of antiseptics and probably also anaesthetics. In numerous instances there were two or three operations on a single skull, showing that it was not enough for a warrior to get cracked up once, but, like some of the rest of us, he never knew when he had had enough, and went back for more.

Rudolph Spreckels Has a Heart

NOT all the Big Business men of California are absolutely heartless. In a book which he has recently written, Rudolph Spreckels, millionaire president of the First National Bank of California, says the following:

Let not the spark of human kindness die in America. We must not tolerate a continuation of commercial greed and the placing of dollars above human rights and needs. Europe is demonstrating today the inevitable result the policy of commercial greed leads to. The toll in money and in human life now being paid at the altar of government submission to the demands of capitalism should be a warning that no intelligent American can afford to ignore.

“Everybody Works but Father”

IN THESE days when the common people have it so hard to get along, we are all charmed when we learn how easy it is for the United States senators who, a few years ago, raised their own salaries at our expense, and who have not thought of the money they could save us by putting their salaries back where they were. Meantime, they have relatives, and the relatives have it easy, too. For instance, take Senator Joseph T. Robinson, of Arkansas, candidate for vice-president of the United States, on the ticket with Al Smith. Joseph’s mother-in-law is down on the pay roll as an assistant clerk of the Senate. She gets $2,580 a year; she does not have to work for it; she lives with relatives in Little Rock, on the money that Joe has sent to her. And then there is Joe’s brother-in-law. He receives $2,220 a year; he is president of a bank in Little Rock; he was in Washington once this last year, on a visit. Don’t you wish you had a brother-inlaw that was a senator? Joe has three other clerks, who actually do some work; one of these is his nephew, considered a capable young man and a valuable personal secretary.

Burning Rubber in Britain

THEY are burning coffee in Brazil, burning wheat in Australia, throwing herring back in the sea in Scotland, because nobody can afford to buy them, and now, in Britain, they are burning pure rubber. This rubber comes in pale yellow sheets and, when dried, burns with a faint aromatic odor not at all such as one would imagine. Campers who have taken supplies of rubber for use on their hikes have pronounced it an excellent ‘firewood’.

“Our Lawless Police”

Ernest Jerome Hopkins, author of Our Lawless Police, says in that book: “We need detectives like those in Canada, who painstakingly do their work, run down every clue, look for witnesses rather than suspects, and never arrest until they have enough on a man to bring him into court and hold him on legal charges that will stick. By substituting lazy grilling methods for real police work, our police have become incompetent. And when emergencies such as the Lindbergh case arise, they show how helpless they are at plain, ordinary, groundwork methods.” To the foregoing we merely add that a special telephone line, set up to expedite the search for the Lindbergh child, ran through the woods only twenty-five yards from where the body lay. New Jersey police are good at arresting and imprisoning inoffensive men and women who preach the gospel.

The Money Comes Hard

&ALVE REGINA, put out by the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception, Washington, D. C., shows that the money comes hard. First, everyone is asked to donate $1 for a votive light to burn at the bishop’s tomb; then there is a form of bequest, showing how to donate all you have left when you are about to be nailed up; then you may have a picture for $3; a statue at anywhere from 85c to $4.75; miscellaneous articles at 50c to $3.25. If you haven’t much money you can send in any number of postage stamps from one up; and if you have much money you can contribute up to $25,000 for the completion of a chapel, with a fair chance that more will be accepted if you make the offer. Come early and often; bring your wad, be it large or small, and we promise to take all you have and use our influence with the Almighty to see that you have good luck here and a reasonably cool place hereafter.

In Harlan County, Kentucky

ROM a public appeal for the children in Harlan county, Kentucky, we quote: “One hears of a family whose only food for two weeks was corn meal and water; of another cabin in which the only food was half a cup of lard and a spoonful of coffee; of a little girl who fell from weakness while trying to reach a schoolhouse where milk w^Tas being doled out. Whole families are trying to sustain life on berries. There are three- and four-year-old children who have never known what it is to have enough to eat.”

Some Opinions on Vivisection

GOOD ever came out of vivisection since the world began.”—Charles Bell Taylor, M.D.

“I hate the vivisector! There is nothing to be gained by his villainous fingering with the secrets of life and death.”—Elbert Hubbard.

“I have tried to understand why it should be considered a kind of credit and a handsome thing to belong to a human race that has vivisectors in it.”—Mark Twain.

“There is something gruesomely grotesque in a code of humane laws which forbids overcrowding of chickens in a crate and refuses to limit the number of helpless, friendly puppies which may be carved to pieces for the edification of medical students.”—Albert Payson Terhune.

British Revel in America’s Sorrows

OME of the British are finding a huge heap of satisfaction in the sorrows which now encompass America. The Manchester Guardian philosophizes as follows: “Illegal practices grew up in Big Business, and never suffered the penalties prescribed by law because they led to profits and power. Those who indulged in them were unmolested because they were contributing to prosperity, and nothing must be done to interfere with prosperity. It did not take long for ■wide-awake people without scruple to see the advantage in applying the same principle farther down. If those respectable persons in high financial and industrial circles could reap enormous gains through power and privilege without inconvenience or punishment, why should not the humbler man do the same thing? It was all the same, they argued, whether the robbery was done by means of an intricate corporate structure or at the point of a gun or by the explosion of a bomb. Wasn’t America a democracy, where the rights of all were equal? The difference was only that the racketeer of the gangs used the crude and primitive methods which he best understood.” We have to take this, because so much of it is true, from a land where they still have kings and queens and princes and princesses and knights and lords and ladies, bishops and archbishops, and then they talk to us about racketeering. Send for the doctor! But he is a racketeer, too, and admits it. We can’t even send for the undertaker, for he is capitalizing the crowning miseries of life by encouraging overburdened families to expend on useless and foolish ostentation funds that they really need to feed and clothe the living. All right, send for the lawyer! Then when you die you won’t have any money, and you can leave this world peacefully without any regret.

“Who Only Hath Immortality”

AGER to show their disbelief in the teaching of the Scriptures that God only hath immortality, and to show that they are lined up on the side of the one who said to Eve, “Ye shall not surely die,” the Methodists have added a clause to their burial service which will say, “Forasmuch as the departed has entered into the life immortal, we therefore commit his body to its resting place, but his spirit to God.” This theory assumes that every man is begotten of God’s holy spirit, regardless of how big a crook and scoundrel he is, and that when he dies that spirit goes back to God. Jesus and His true followers have been begotten of God’s spirit, but the great majority of mankind are of the earth, earthy, and always will be.

Every Seventh Year Crops Fail

THE Smithsonian Institution, after a study of the facts, makes the declaration that every seventh year the crops are very much lighter than usual. This is specially interesting, in view of the law of Jehovah God, given to Israel, that “Six years thou shalt sow thy field, and six years thou shalt prune thy vineyard, and gather in the fruit thereof; but in the seventh year shall be a sabbath of rest unto the land, a sabbath for Jehovah: thou shalt neither sow thy field, nor prune thy vineyard. And if ye shall say, What shall we eat the seventh year? behold, we shall not sow, nor gather in our increase: then I will command my blessing upon you in the sixth year, and it shall bring forth fruit for three years.”—Lev. 25: 3,4, 20, 21.

The 20th Annual Convention of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States

(By our Western Correspondent)

JUDGING by the amount of noise produced, the two great political conventions held in Chicago in June were the most important of 1932.

But there was a less noisy convention, held the latter part of May, 1932, in San Francisco, which was of greater importance: the 20th Annual Meeting of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States.

Next November, whether the voters decide to retain Hoover and Curtis at Washington, or to send Roosevelt and Garner there, the real misrulers of the country will continue to be the plutocracy of Wall Street, represented by the gentlemen who convened in San Francisco May 17 to 20 inclusive.

Here is the way the newspapers announced the Chamber of Commerce gathering:

“Striving to find a way back to prosperity, 2500 business leaders of the nation are in session here today, while the faith, and possibly the fate, of the United States hinges on the outcome of their deliberations.’’

Inasmuch as the outcome of their deliberations was as near zero as anything could be, we would hate to think that either the faith or the fate of the United States hinges on such a support. The importance of the convention, to thinking minds, lies in the proof so amply demonstrated by the speakers that no human power can get mankind out of the mess in which it has become mired.

As explained by the various speakers, the matter with this country is just this: The tariff is far too high on the products of business and industry in general, and the tariff is far too low on the products manufactured by the particular speaker or by the industry he represents; there is far too much government interference in business, especially in the business represented by each speaker in turn, and the government is far too slow in interfering with the many wrong practices practiced in the lines of business the speaker does not represent; business is being taxed to death, and every business man everywhere ought to set up a howl against government extravagances and against taxation, and the government should increase taxation (on lines of business not represented by the speaker) in order to have money for unemployment relief and to help the business and industry in which the speaker is engaged; the government should enter into mammoth public building projects in order to provide jobs for the millions of unemployed, and it is a terrible mistake for the government to enter into mammoth public building projects in order to provide jobs for the millions of unemployed, because the government is bureaucratic, inefficient, wasteful, and would launch irresponsible, ill-managed, and nonproductive building enterprises; and so on, and so on through five days of general sessions, “round table discussions,” dinner and luncheon meetings, board meetings, councilor meetings, over seventy-five “able” speeches by “able” leaders in business and industry.

That some of the speakers themselves caught the incongruities of the situation is evidenced by such statements as the following by Philip P. Gott, manager of the Trade Association Department of the National Chamber: “Business men, and trade associations and other business organizations have, on the one hand, requested assistance from the Government and, on the other hand, have criticized the increasing burden of taxation.”

That the leaders of business are really catching occasional glimpses of what lies just ahead is evidenced by such statements as the following by Julius H. Barnes: “We are perplexed, wondering what has happened, wondering if there is not some great impending calamity hovering over us.”

The Golden Age representative sat through as many of the sessions as possible, and could fill pages with his own observations, but lest we be accused of bias, we prefer to quote from the report made to the president and secretary of the National Association of Retail Druggists (one of the large associations represented in the National Chamber), this report being made by Harvey A. Henry, third vice-president of that association and an accredited delegate to the convention:

‘ ‘ It was a meeting of pessimism. . . . Speaker after speaker representing business of enormous magnitude, speakers who in former years would be buoyant, self-reliant, almost, I might say, domineering in their attitude of hauteur and security, this year addressed the assembly with complete humility; business gods or idols are discovered to have feet of clay. An observer at such a meeting, if accomplishing a little for his trade group, does acquire this picture to bring before his own association: he learns by contact and by listening to the so-called ‘leaders of industry’ that

every group, every business in America, is in the direst straits, that no cure for the situation, not even a palliative, seems to be in sight. He learns that every trade group, every manufacturing group, is in an era of profitless selling to the extent that millions of people in business, because they are selling without profit, are as truly unemployed as though they were walking the streets, and that they are not at present charges upon the community is because they are operating or living upon the reserves acquired through frugality in other times. ’ ’

Possibly the most amusing feature of the convention was the fact that practically every suggestion, every declaration which had to do with criticizing the government or which told lawmakers just how the United States should be governed, was adopted and published enthusiastically, while practically every suggestion, every declaration which aimed to correct the glaring evils in the world of business and industry, was either ignored, or killed in committee, or so thoroughly lost in a maze of tactful wording that each guilty line of business would understand that the pronouncement was meant for “two other fellows”.

Of the twenty-two resolutions or declarations adopted by the convention, seventeen had to do with government and governmental functions and only five with business and industry.

Henry I. Harriman, chairman of the board of the New England Power Association, Boston, Mass., was elected president of the National Chamber for the ensuing fiscal year. In his speech entitled “The Way Out”, he really did make a concrete, constructive suggestion that, if put into practice, would go at least part way toward attaining the ideal that Mr. Harriman set before his hearers: “To substitute confidence for fear; to establish credit and to make it possible to preserve a proper balance between the production and consumption of varied articles.” Here is the pointed suggestion:

“Guarantee the deposits in our national banks, as an emergency measure and for a period of not more than one or two years. ’ ’

Meager protection, “not more than one or two years,” but at least some protection against losing the hard-earned little accumulation of the wage earner, so often lost in bank failures. But would the censors let this suggestion get by? Yes, by some strange oversight, the speech actually went out to the nation’s press just that way; but some censor lost his job or got a round scolding for that, because a revised copy of the same speech was sent hot-foot after the original, omitting entirely this constructive (as far as it goes) suggestion.

Mr. Harriman also made this rather remarkable confession, and this did get by all censorship :

“The depression of 1929 was caused primarily by a loss of moral perspective and a collapse of common honesty. The Sermon on the Mount and the Ten Commandments will always be the true guide to real and lasting prosperity. ’ ’

What an admission! What an admission! To those cognizant of the fact that the entire time of trouble in which we find ourselves is the divine method of driving home this very lesson, Mr. Harriman's statement speaks volumes. We wonder why some of the clergymen, who, by the way, were not at all averse to speculating on the stock market back in 1928, don’t come out with equally frank confessions.

A jewel of an “unselfish” speech was delivered by Oscar Sutro, vice-president and general counsel of the Standard Oil Company of California, on the subject of “The Philippines”, wherein Mr. Sutro presented many strong arguments to the effect that (to quote the last paragraph of his speech) “to grant independence for the Philippines would mean a threat to the peace of the world in the Orient, to the United States a loss of military security on the Pacific, and a surrender of a great and important present and future trade; to the Philippines it would bring economic chaos, if not the destruction of political liberty. It should not be done.”

Of course, of course, Mr. Sutro did not once mention that to grant independence to the Philippines might endanger the business and investments of the Standard Oil over there.

Here are a few bright paragraphs from the address of Oscar G. Mayer, president of Oscar Mayer & Co., Inc., Chicago, Illinois:

“The past eighteen years, sinee the outbreak of the Great War, have been one of the most distressing periods in modern history with the forces of selfishness and ruthlessness in the saddle. This steeplechase has ended in a morass in which we are now floundering and in which we are vowing ‘never again’ . . .

“But while a garden variety depression would amply serve our purpose in this respect, we find ourselves face to face with a cataclysm, due to a combination of causes, foreign and domestic, which has never before existed: a calamitous war, involving the destruction of hundreds of billions of dollars of property and millions of men, ruthless animosities engendered on a prodigious scale, impossible peace treaties, reparations and war debt payments, resulting in an unprecedented dislocation of the world’s gold supply, which with evermounting tariff barriers, has finally brought about a stoppage of the blood stream of prosperity, foreign trade.

“Add to this the ludicrous developments in our own country during the last twelve years, well exemplified by the tale of a movie director in Hollywood who had taken charge of the filming of the Passion Play. On seeing twelve lean, robed figures with long beards congregated in a corner, he inquired of his assistant who they were. Being told that they were the twelve apostles, he impatiently said, ‘That won’t do. We must have twenty-four of them. This is a BIG production! Gentlemen, we have been in big production in this good land of ours during the past dozen years, but we have done it largely through inflation of credit and a staggering increase of debts which haunt us today. We issued billions of dollars of securities whose only recommendation was that they represented other seeurites (including rights to subscribe) which in turn represented other securities which were ‘unquestionably good’. We loaned billions to Europe in order that they might pay us a few hundred millions in war debts. Truly a comic opera! ’ ’

But, of course, Mr. Mayer hastens to explain that he does not mean to suggest that the financial powers are really to blame. Says he:

‘ ‘ Trade associations should take the lead in pointing out to our politicians and to the people in this country, in frankness and honesty, the true economic fact that the national welfare and happiness rests upon industry and enterprise; that aggregation of capital is indispensable to the needs of modern society; that the so-called ‘wealthy’ have become so by putting practically all their earnings back into industry where it has created new work and that even what little proportionately they spend upon themselves is used almost entirely in the creation of employment.” [Italics ours.]

Finally, let’s cheer up with these remarks by Philip P. Gott, manager of the Trade Association Department of the National Chamber:

“With all the weaknesses of our present economic system, we must not forget the fact that the standard of living, the distribution of wealth, and the happiness and contentment of the masses of the people are greater than in any other country in the world and greater than that w’hich exists under any other economic system.”

Try that on the next man who accosts you on the street w'ith the plea, “Give me a nickel for a cup of coffee, Mister. Honest, I’m starving.”

Worthless Anti-Typhoid Serum By The American Medical Liberty League (Illinois)

TT ERE is the proof of the utter worthlessness ■*-A of anti-typhoid serum. Quotation from the Journal of the American Medical Association, December 5,1931:

“typhoid at fort des MOINES”

“The first explosive outbreak of typhoid in the United States army since the close of the World War occurred during October in Battery E, Seventeenth Field Artillery, Fort Des Moines, Iowa, according to the surgeon general’s monthly review of the health of the army. Between September 22 and October 31, twenty probable cases of typhoid were admitted to the hospital. Specimens for examination were sent to the Sixth Corps area laboratory at Fort Sheridan, Ill., and to the army medical school. A report, November 7, showed 18 cases diagnosed as typhoid, and two as fever undiagnosed. All the patients had been inoculated. No deaths had occurred up to the time of the report.”

This proves the absolute incompetency of serum-infatuated allopathic doctors. With men so under their control that they must submit to all sorts of medical and surgical abuse or be court-martialed and sent to Leavenworth, these poor soldiers are subjected to such filthy living conditions that they come down with a filth disease, typhoid fever, after they have received the “sure preventive” inoculation. Please note also that this is called the “first explosive outbreak”. But how many single and sporadic cases have there been which had also been inoculated?

The above “explosive outbreak” of typhoid in the army is just what might have been expected, for in public service health reports, No. 13, Vol. 34, Colonel Walter D. Macaw, chief surgeon of the A. E. F., passed the following severe stricture on his own medical officers for relying on inoculation for typhoid:

“It is evident that many medical officers have gained but little knowledge of the fundamental principles underlying prevention and control” (of typhoid).

We heartily agree with him. The poor simps of doctors found that typhoid inoculation did not protect in unsanitary conditions, and even laymen now know that when the environment is thoroughly sanitary there is nothing to protect from.

The Farm Board as an Instrument of Oppression

(From a radio address by John A. Simpson, president of National Farmers’ Union)

ISOLD before me the Government report of the hearings before the Committee on Agriculture of the United States Senate, held here in Washington November 24, 25, 27, and 28, 1931. On page 287 of this Government report Mr. Creekmore, head of the Farm Board’s cotton set-up, admitted that for more than a year he has been drawing a salary of $75,000 a year. He has many assistants under him drawing salaries up to as high as $35,000 a year, and the saddest part of this information is that these extortionate salaries come out of the cotton farmers’ 5 cents a pound cotton.

In order that you may get a realization of what such a salary means to the cotton farmers of the South, I call your attention to the fact that the average cotton family produces 10 bales of cotton per year. At the present price of cotton it requires 2,500 bales to pay Mr. Creekmore’s salary for one year, which means it takes 250 cotton farmers, their wives, and children to produce enough cotton to sell for enough money at the present price to pay his salary. For Mr. Creekmore to live in the luxury of a $75,000-a-year salaried man, 1250 little boys and girls for several months in the spring of the year must go into the fields with hoe and chop cotton; and again when frost time comes these same little boys and girls must go into the fields again, up and down the rows, little fingers gathering the locks of cotton, many times barefooted and fingers bleeding on cold mornings. All of this is necessary in order that Mr. Creekmore may have $75,000 a year.

I say to you the Farm Board is a failure so far as cotton farmers are concerned. Any system or policy that develops a $75,000 salary as a burden on 5-cent cotton is a complete failure.

The Farm Board established a wheat set-up and made a country preacher president of the set-up at a salary of $15,000 a year, with an unlimited expense account. They placed a Mr. Milnor on the pay roll as an expert manager at a salary of $50,000 a year, with a number of assistants with salaries ranging from $10,000 to $35,000.

On page 217 of this report will be found a list of those who are drawing these extortionate salaries from poor wheat farmers in western Kansas who sold their wheat at an average of less than 30 cents a bushel. The first ten on the list average $21,000 a year in salary.

To visualize what Mr. Milnor’s salary really means in wheat, I call your attention to the fact that it would take 200,000 bushels at the price these wheat farmers received to pay the salary of this man for one year. Two hundred thousand bushels of wheat would be 4 trainloads, 50 cars to the train, and 1,000 bushels of wheat to each car.

The last advice which the Farm Board offered to the farmers of the nation came forth in the middle of summer of last year. I am sure it was their valedictory. It must have cost them many sleepless nights, brains on fire with the strenuous work. It was a most wonderful remedy which they offered. They delivered it to 2,000,000 cotton farmers in the South, and it was for these farmers to destroy one-third of their property. The Farm Board said to plow under every third row. This was a most foolish proclamation on the part of the Farm Board. In it there was no guaranty that the price of cotton would go up after the farmers plowed under every third row; and it had in it advice that amounted to asking 2,000,000 cotton farmers to commit a penitentiary offense, for practically all of the cotton was mortgaged, and it would be a penitentiary offense to destroy it.

World’s Fastest Train

(From The American Traveler’s Gazette)

IN THE first three months of its record-breaking run, the world’s fastest train, the “Cheltenham Flyer”, covered 6,008 miles in 5,2331^ minutes. This is only 7y₂ minutes over the total booked schedule allowed for the 78 daily runs, and it is a remarkable tribute to the consistent running under difficult conditions, due to signal checks and reduced speeds at points en route owing to alterations to the line. The train has attracted world-wide attention, and has reflected to the credit of British railway prestige abroad, both for its speed and consistency and its extremely smooth running.

For Sufferers with Lung Trouble By Frank Veltin (Oklahoma)

I AM old now, 72, but still active as at 35. I dig roots, gather herbs and barks, and live in the woods. Let me tell you one of the best things for poor humans suffering with lung trouble. Take pine needles, meaning the small branches of the pine tree; take a deep can or bucket, put in some live coals, put the sprouts on the coals and hold the face over the burning pine and inhale all you can. Balsam can be similarly used in districts where it can be obtained.

[We referred this to Eric F. AV. Powell, herbalist, and he says: “The pine needle remedy would be quite good. No harm could result, and the therapeutical value should be marked in most, if not all, lung affections. However, advanced cases of consumption of the lungs should avoid the treatment, as the irritation caused by the fumes might cause bleeding. I see every reason why vou should publish the recipe.” —Ed.)

Notes from Cook Islands and French Establishments in Oceania, South Pacific

By S. A. Shepherd (Pioneer Witness)

AS IN other parts of the world, distress of nations with perplexity is gripping the people in these parts and the great contributing factors to it all are finance, politics and religion, overlorded by the Devil himself. Jehovah’s witnesses have been known here but a short while, nevertheless long enough to make the religious merchants mad. On hearing that the Watch Tower was sending a representative to these parts that “holy Christian organization” called the British and Foreign Bible Society promptly radioed the London Missionary Society’s principal in Raratonga, who thereupon warned his flock. However, it served as a good advertisement and helped to separate the sheep from the goats. Later the same gentleman was called upon with the Kingdom booklet, and in reply he asked the pioneer witness never to call again, and said that he was certain that we were wasting our time and money in visiting these parts. Quite easily understood, the L. M. S. are now finding it hard to make ends meet and, from what we can gather, this year’s budget will not balance.

The “social” distinctions and classes are very pronounced in Raratonga, premier island of the Cook group. A few “ordinary people” from New Zealand come over here to take up work just as they did formerly and they immediately put on side as though they were of “English nobility”. This makes the place absolutely rotten to live in. However, the day is coming when the proud shall be abased and the low exalted.

Exploration is being carried on in the Cook Islands extensively. The cost of living is 20 to 25 percent dearer than in New Zealand. One glaring instance is shipping freights. The Union S. S. Co. (N. Z.) charge £3 per ton on cargo consigned from Wellington to Raratonga (1,800 miles). The same amount of cargo can be carried from London to Wellington (12,000 miles) for £2-10-0. Passages are “a little cheaper” in comparison, the charges being but 100 percent extra.

A new name for the “Hamanites” or “barnacles”, otherwise “roosters”, has been found by one interested Golden Age reader in Tahiti. “Cockroaches” is the new nomenclature, and is recommended to Judge Rutherford for future reference. The cockroach has a long black “robe” (just as the R. C. Hamanites wear here) and he eats everything that he comes across to keep up his condition.

France gave up the state church in 1905. However there is no religious liberty in Tahiti, which is one of her colonies, without the governor's authorization. Lately a pioneer witness was deported from there on the bare pretext of ‘selling books’ (“religious propaganda”, as it was put) to enlighten the people concerning Jehovah God’s kingdom. The governor had refused the authorization without reason after our fully explaining the work. Sydney office then instructed to “carry on”, with the result of the “kick-out” after 2i£ weeks’ work. Seems to be that the “cockroaches” did a bit of crawling to the governor, who in his autocratic position said, “No foes of organized Churchianity to be here.” I notice on his letterhead the motto, “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity.” Where? Not in Tahiti!! However, Governor Jore, who understands English, received on my departure a letter of protest, along with a Kingdom booklet,

which was mentioned as giving our true position. Wonder if it was referred to “Father” Cockroach for “mastication” and “digestion”.

In spite of all the above-mentioned, Tahiti is a grand place and there are many honest hearts there, which is more than can be said of many other parts of the Pacific. It is cosmopolitan, and that adds to its interest.

In closing, as I am sure that Americans and others are usually rusty on geography, let me give you our position. Tahiti is 3,600-odd miles southwest of San Francisco, Calif., while Rara-tonga, where I am at present, is 620 miles approximately west of Tahiti. The population of these parts is: French Oceanic Establishments, 40,000; Cook Island, 10,000.

Who Is to Blame? By Thos. P. Gay (Florida) (Reprinted from Fort Myers Press')

WE OBSERVE that our discharged war veterans are beginning to mobilize. Our regular army is already organized and mobilized in the interest of the money power. We will, therefore, soon have before us two mobilized and opposing forces, two real armies, one armed and the other unarmed, but probably more determined in their objective. It will probably result disastrously if our armed army seek to impose their will on our unarmed army. Anyway, from the very nature of things, the clash of opposing interests is likely to accentuate the differences between these two opposing forces, and cause the “bonus army”, although unintentional on its part, to become the champion of the common people. It would thus become the nucleus around which could congregate all the reactionaries; and the immediate result of the conflict of these two opposing forces might result most disastrously.

Our attitude is one of strict neutrality. We would not be against the duly constituted government, although we think it is not what it should be. As long as it is what the people want, let them have it. When they see fit to change it, they may do so. One thing is certain, they set it up, and have heretofore supported it. If they find that the strong have outdistanced the weak in the race of life, and observe that they are mostly among the weak, let them become wise. Theirs is the great school of experience, and it has the proper curriculum that will ultimately induct its students into their proper plane.

No one can say that we have no standard of right uses (righteousness); we had a Leader 1900 years ago, whom nearly the whole world professes to acknowledge, and He gave us the basis of an enduring government. It was, Give all. (Mark 10:21) It is recorded: “All that believed were together, and had all things common ; and they sold their possessions and goods, and parted them to all, according as any man had need.” (Acts 2:44,45, A.R.V.) This leader also taught: “He that is greatest among you shall be your servant.”—Matt. 23: 11.

If the leaders in the formulation of the government chose ta take the exact opposite of these elements of construction, namely, a government in which every one has the right to take all that he can get legally, even though it be everything; and he that shall be greatest among us is he that has the intellectual strength and cunning to make all the rest of us his slaves, who is to blame? Surely not those only who make a success of the system. Are not all who have endorsed this system of plunder, in the hope that we might be in at the finish, equally guilty? For, most certainly, it is only working out its inevitable climax.

We have followed precisely the opposite procedure from that laid down by the Lord 1900 years ago; and we are experiencing results exactly the reverse of the effect of the shedding of the spirit of the Lord upon the world at that time. And yet He declared himself to be the Way, the Truth, and the Life.

We do not want a new leader. We want to truly acknowledge the one we have. We repudiated this, our one and only authorized leader, by rejecting His life; and the curse is upon us. We are probably marked for some experiences during the next few years that will rend our hearts of stone and make them hearts of flesh. (Ezek. 11:19) Upon such only can be built that kingdom for which we are taught to pray: “Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven.”—Matt. 6:10.

No; we have no one but ourselves to blame for the mess we are in; and undoubtedly the worst is yet to come!

The Snake at the Top of the Ladder

July 2, 1932. Editor, The Golden Age, 117 Adams Street,

Brooklyn, New York.

Sir:

I have been reading The Golden Age for some time now. I believe that I actually could enjoy your paper if you would mind your own business, but I have yet to read an issue where you do not knock some denomination.

The June 22nd issue hit the Methodists the worst. I am a convert from the Methodist to the Catholic faith. There is never an issue of your paper that you are not butting into the business of the Roman Catholics, insulting the vicar of Christ, blaming him for the depression, and so forth; making yourself so small that you actually need a ladder to look a snake in the face.

I am. as I stated before, a convert from the Methodist to the Catholic faith. My husband is a German Lutheran. Only after studying history did I come to the conclusion that the Roman Catholic church was the church established by Christ. No one talked Catholicity to me. In all the Catholic books that I have read, I never, in any form or shape, found such low statements about other denominations as you are putting out.

1 am going to hand your publication over to the Knights of Columbus and then let them take care of you. You will have to prove your statements sooner or later. You have my deepest sympathy; and you well deserve it. People small enough to knock and condemn other people to draw attention to their own dirty work ought to be exposed.

From now on keep The Golden Ape. Do not send it any more! I have several friends, four of them non-Caiholics, who discussed this matter with me. They find your paper just as insulting as I have found it. Many times wh'le traveling I have been handed some of your literature. I always received it courteously, read it, and handed it to others where I thought it would do some good. I did this before I knew the inside of your corrupt work. But just let anyone hand me anything again and he will soon know what I think about your paper.

Yours,

Mrs C. G. Ammon,

545 South Graham St. Pittsburgh, Pa.

V/uxtra! Wuxtra!

Catholic Sausage on Friday! (Keprint of a church handbill distributed in Texas)

CHURCH PICNIC at st. John’s church (5 IMilps West of Schuhmburg) FRIDAY, JUNE 24th, 1932 Church Services at 9:30 a. m.

A Special Dispensation has been granted by the Most Reverend Archbishop, from the Law of Abstinence, to those who will partake of the meals on the church grounds.

Chicken, Sausage and Stew Dinner at Noon and Supper               Price 25e and 15c

Afternoon—Bingo, Fish Pond, and Speaking by Candidates Plenty of Eats and Refreshments Music Furnished Day and Night by the HAPPY BOYS

EVERYBODY INVITED

Kingdom Brio’ let Saves Two Lives

By K. P. Loop (Oregon)

WHILE out in the witness work this week I called at the home of an elderly gentleman and, after talking to him a few minutes, he told me that during these hard times he had lost all his life’s savings; that circumstances had arisen whereby a man had taken advantage of him and had cleaned him out of all he possessed, including his home. He got to brooding over his loss until he got to the point where he decided to take the life of the one who had done him so much injury, dust at that time he received through the mail a Kingdom booklet and read it through, and it interested him. He went through it a second time and got the message it contained more fully, and it caused him to see things differently, so much so that he gave up committing the act he was so determined to do. He was very positive in telling me that the little booklet kept him from committing murder. He took some bound booksand will get the rest later. He was certainly pleased with an understanding of the truth.

Bank Robber Passes Out Colorfully

Salvatore Arena, one of the eleven robbers of the Hochelaga (Quebec) bank, and prominent Fascist statesman, passed out colorfully. Mr. Arena and his friends murdered one bank messenger and wounded another when they got away from Canada with $150,000 of the bank’s money. Mr. Arena was held in highest esteem by Mr. Mussolini and his friends, but some thoughtless person on Staten Island plugged him with a .32-calibre bullet in the back of his head and it was not until after his funeral that the high lights of his brilliant career came into public notice.

As was proper for a statesman of the highest rank in the Fascist party, Mr. Arena’s corpse was handled most deferentially. In the first place, as he was a good Roman Catholic, as bank robbers and Fascists are wont to be, he was given a good send-off on his route to purgatory from the Roman Catholic church at Lexington Avenue and Sixty-sixth street, New York.

And as he was a bank robber and Fascist of note, he was not nailed up in a plain pine box, but slid gracefully toward the flames in a splendid white metal coffin, draped in the Italian flag and surrounded by a color guard. Tapers were lighted, to help his soul find its way to purgatory, if it should get lost in the dark somewhere on the way, and nineteen eminent Fascist statesmen accompanied the body all the way to Italy. The guard of honor about his coffin was changed every two hours during the voyage and was maintained day and night.

The Italian government showed that its heart was in the right place. Mr. Arena was treated with as much deference as though he had been one of the murderers of Matteoti, instead of merely a killer of a bank messenger. The Italian ambassador, Giacomo de Martino, came all the way from Washington to attend the funeral, and the Italian consul general, Dr. Emanuel Grazzi, was also there.

The rank and file of the Fascists treated Arena like a brother. At the funeral they lifted their right hands in the Fascist salute and shouted the Fascist battle cry of “A Noil” It is not believed that the widow and children of the slain bank messenger were in the crowd.

The Fascists know how to do things right. When the body of the bank robber was brought on board the ship that was to carry it to Italy a company of Fascist militiamen received the coffin on the liner and escorted it aft, where it was carried into a section of the ship’s hospital to lie in state. The account says that the room was filled with many floral tributes, including a palm wreath from the ambassador.

The only touch of regret seems to lie in the fact that the bullet which bumped Mr. Arena off is said to have been fired by a fellow Fascist and was intended for somebody else. Things have come to a pretty pass in this country when a prominent bank robber and murderer and Roman Catholic and Fascist statesman is not safe from being carelessly shot by one of his own brothers in arms and in the faith.

However, there is much of this which is encouraging to those who hope for a dictatorship in America. It shows that loyalty to Fascist principles is not unrewarded. And it may be that as a result of the Roman Catholic prelate’s prayers on Arena’s behalf, or for some other reason unknown to the prelate, or to any Roman Catholic, Arena may not find it so hot in purgatory after all. Anyway, he had a grand party at the end of his trip.

“By Order of —

The Roman soldier wiped his sword,

Stood o’er the butchered Christian corpse, ‘‘I hate to kill a lamb,” said he—• ’Tis Nero’s orders, let it be.

A distant mullah calls to prayer, The faithful hasten to depart;

‘Allah is merciful; Allah can save’— The drift sand hides the desert grave.

The priest holds high the crucifix, The crackling fagots sear and burn

By Pickering Hilliard

To purge her soul; ‘God save the mark’— The tragedy of Joan of Arc.

The aviator, soaring high,

Upon some town a bomb has dropped;

He didn’t care, or wait to see— “My country, right or wrong,” said he.

All through the ages, handed clown

A dripping sword which scarce can dry; The faithful few, abused and slurred, Are standing by His Holy Word.

End of Oppression Near

HISTORY shows that in all nations the masses of mankind have suffered oppression at the hands of the few. There have always been three elements acting together that constitute the rulers, namely, the commercial, the political, and the religious element.

The commercial power holds the wealth and uses it, and by this power and influence controls the political element. The political element obeys the dictates of the money powers and makes and executes the laws. The religious element, in all ages forming a part of the governments, has fallen under the influence of Satan the Devil and made the people believe that the few, the rich and the so-called “statesmen”, rule by divine right. All the time the real ruler has been Satan the Devil. It was so in Jesus’ day.

God had commanded the priests of the Jews who formed His typical organization at one time to instruct the people concerning His law. These priests, the Pharisees, and the Sadducees, formed the clergy element. They claimed to represent God, but they easily fell under the selfish influence of the commercial and political power, wielded by the Devil, and they became the sons of the Devil instead of the sons of God.

Jesus plainly said to them that they were the sons of the Devil and were doing his will. (John 8:42-45) Clearly, by that He meant that all men, though they claim to be God’s children, if they do the will of the Devil, are the instruments of the Devil.

A similiar condition is now clearly seen to exist in the world. The great financial powers control the politicians and the clergy of the churches. They stand shoulder to shoulder, work together, keep the people in subjection, deprive them of their just rights and oppress them. The commercial and political power do the chief part of this work among men, while the clergy support them and try to induce the people to believe that these rulers are working for the best interests of the people.

The real power, invisible, and which controls the three elements, namely, commercial, political and ecclesiastical, is Satan the Devil. It is easy to be seen that if every man tried to do ri'dit there would be no very rich and no poor. This earth produces plenty for all, and there is room for all, and all should dwell together in peace; but Satan, the god of the world, makes conditions exactly contrary thereto and exceedingly oppressive.

The Bible shows that it is God’s purpose that Satan’s rule shall for ever end. The time of the end is referred to in the Bible as “the last days”. We have now entered into those ‘last days”, and that is the reason why oppression is so manifest now.

We see one class exceedingly prosperous, and this kind of prosperity is magnified in the public press. We see the great masses of mankind are not prosperous, but oppressed. At this time especially we see the preachers teaching higher criticism and evolution, denying the Bible and turning the people away from God’s Word and attempting to make the people believe that a combination or league of the nations would bring what they need. The course of the preachers shows that the denominational church systems have fallen completely under the control of Satan. And now note how clearly God foretold this when the following scripture was written :

“This know also, that in the last days perilous times shall come. For men shall be lovers of their own selves, covetous, boasters, proud, blasphemers, disobedient to parents, unthankful, unholy, without natural affection, trucebreakers, false accusers, incontinent, fierce, de-spisers of those that are good, traitors, heady, highminded, lovers of pleasures more than lovers of God; having a form of godliness, but denying the power thereof: from such turn away.”—2 Tim. 3:1-5.

We well know that in all the churches there is a form of godliness but at the same time the clergy are denying the power of God. The honest people are plainly told in the scripture just quoted to turn away from such. And then in the same chapter the Lord caused these words to be written: “But they shall proceed no further: for their folly shall be manifest unto all men.” —Verse 9.

Many wonder why those who have the power among the governments are so harsh, cruel and oppressive. The answer is that these men are blind to the power that is exercising influence over them. Satan the Devil is their real ruler and oppressor. God, through His prophet Daniel, described how these world powers would reach the great wickedness and oppression that we now see, and then said: “And in the days of these kings shall the God of heaven set up a kingdom which shall never be destroyed: and the kingdom shall not be left to other people,

but it shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms, and it shall stand for ever.”—Dan. 2:44.

The year 1914, clearly marked out in the Scriptures, shows the beginning of the. disintegration of Satan’s rule. (Matt. 24:3-14) The Lord foretold that the World War beginning then would mark the great turning point. Being blind to God’s purposes, the clergy and the commercial and political elements told the people that the war would make conditions better. The fact is, the war has made it worse for the masses of mankind. Since then there has been great distress and perplexity. The reason God has not ousted Satan before is that it was not God’s due time. When Jesus ascended on high, God said to Him: “Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool.” (Ps. 110:1) Other Scriptures show that the end of that time came in 1914; and that is why the world trouble began then.

The World War stopped suddenly in 1918. It is set forth plainly in the Lord’s Word that then there should be a great spreading of the truth on earth before the coming of the final end of Satan’s organization. (Matt. 24:14,21,22) You have observed that during the last few years there has been a class of humble men and women going from house to house throughout the earth teaching the people concerning the Kingdom of Jehovah foretold in the Bible. All true followers of Christ are now doing that work.

This work done, then the great battle of Armageddon will be fought. That is to be a battle, as the Scriptures show, with the forces of Jehovah led by Christ Jesus on one side, and the forces of Satan led by Gog on the other side. It will be a time of trouble such as the world has never known, and in that trouble Satan’s organization shall perish, being completely destroyed, and there will never be another such trouble. (Matt. 24: 21, 22) The Lord is now permitting many people to get some knowledge of His purposes, which will enable them to avail themselves of protection during the time of trouble. “The Lord also will be a refuge for the oppressed, a refuge in times of trouble.”— Ps. 9:9.

The time has therefore come for the people to take their stand on Jehovah God’s side and against the Devil. Those who seek meekness and righteousness and look to God for help are especially promised protection in that time of trouble. (Zeph. 2: 2, 3) You will note that the common people especially are informing themselves about the Bible by home study. At the same time the clergy are getting farther away from the Bible.

God promised to set up His righteous government with Shiloh as the governor. He said: “Unto him shall the gathering of the people be.” (Gen. 49:10) “Shiloh” means “peaceful one”, and is one of the titles given to Christ Jesus. That government will bring complete relief to the people. Concerning that time God’s prophet wrote: “Lord, thou hast heard the desire of the humble: thou wilt prepare their heart, thou wilt cause thine ear to hear; to judge the fatherless and the oppressed, that the man of the earth may no more oppress.”—Ps. 10:17,18.

The big financiers flatter the clergy, and the clergy speak with pride concerning those who thus hold them up. These foolish teachers claim to represent God, being blind to the fact that they are representing the Devil. “They speak vanity every one with his neighbour: with flattering lips, and with a double heart, do they speak. The Lord shall cut off all flattering lips, and the tongue that speaketh proud things; who have said, With our tongue will we prevail; our lips are our own: who is lord over us?”—Ps. 12:2-4.

In the above words God’s prophet foretells the present condition, and we are able to see how the oppression comes to mankind; and then God adds through His prophet: “For the oppression of the poor, for the sighing of the needy, now will I arise, saith the Lord.”—Ps. 12:5.

The farmers and men who till the soil, the ones who reap the harvest but enjoy it not, the laborers who bring the coal from the depths of the earth, and others who labor to make rich a few, are now crying out because of oppression. Their cries have reached the ears of the great ‘God of battle’.

Concerning such condition God caused these words to be written: “Go to now, ye rich men, weep and howl for your miseries that shall come upon you. Your riches are corrupted, and your garments are moth-eaten. Your gold and silver is cankered; and the rust of them shall be a witness against you, and shall eat your flesh as it were fire. Ye have heaped treasure together for the last days. Behold, the hire of the labourers who have reaped down your fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth: and the cries of them which have reaped are entered into the ears of the Lord of Sabaoth [Lord of armies]. Ye have lived in pleasure on the earth, and been wanton; ye have nourished your hearts, as in a day of slaughter. Ye have condemned and killed the just; and he doth not resist you.’'— Jas. 5:1-6.

Here God is called the great ‘God of battle’ because it will be His battle, led by Christ Jesus, against Satan’s wicked organization, in which oppression shall be destroyed. Satan the great oppressor will suffer complete defeat, and his agencies also will he destroyed. Then, in the language of God’s Word, it will he truly said: “How hath the oppressor ceased! the golden city the Devil’s wealthy organization] ceased! The Lord hath broken the staff of the wicked [the Devil], and the sceptre of the rulers [his instruments]. How art thou fallen from heaven, 0 Lucifer, son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken the nations!”—Isa. 14: 4, 5,12.

God’s righteous government is now set up, and it will break in pieces all oppression, release the poor, and bring blessings to the people. “He shall judge the poor of the people, he shall save the children of the needy, and shall break in pieces the oppressor. They shall fear thee as long as the sun and moon endure, throughout all generations. He shall come down like rain upon the mown grass; as showers that water the earth. In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth. He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends of the earth. They that dwell in the wilderness shall bow before him; and his enemies shall lick the dust.”—Fs. 72: 4-9.

Some Indian Remedies By Elizabeth Whyte

WHEN I read your article on wheat, in The Golden Age, it brought to my mind something I heard about it while living in Mexico. There was an old Indian who used to cure cancerous sores with the oil of wheat. He pressed the fresh grains between two hot irons, gathered the drops of moisture on a feather and anointed the sore with it, repeating the process three times a day, with the fresh oil. Scales would fall off, and after a while the sore would heal completely.

The Indians have many useful remedies. I was making a collection of medicinal plants, which abound in Mexico. I got many useful hints from the natives. Strangers often get fever, called in their language, “fievres paludicas” or “frios”; what we would call malaria or ague. I know all about it from experience. It is very hard to get rid of the “paludicas” generally caused by the miasmas from the swamps. The best remedy for the ague is green coffee, well ground and boiled down to about half a pint. One tablespoonful before breakfast each morning until the quantity is consumed and the fever disappears.

The itch (“sarma”) is very common in Mexico. A sure and prompt cure for it is a mixture of flour of sulphur and lard, well rubbed in. It cures ringworm also, and any skin trouble that itches. No need to melt the lard on the fire. I cured many Indian boys by first mixing the sulphur and cold leaf lard in the palm of the hand. Mexicans have good sight. They take care of their eyes. If anyone is reading by an artificial light he will cover his eyes for a moment, with his hands, before going out into the air. I lived fourteen years down there and still read and write without glasses. I am 74.

We have much to learn from the Mexican Indians. The real Indian never has gray hair. They say, “Cuando el Indio tendra canas,” which is equivalent to our, “When chickens have teeth.” They have a cactus called “Organo”, the juice of which furnishes a fine black dye.

They have beautiful white teeth, due, I believe, to the fruits and cereals they live on, for they rarely eat meat.

It was a Mexican Indian that discovered the oil of male fern, which kills the tapeworm. It is called “elecho-macho”, and can be obtained easily, anywhere in California.

Speaking of wheat, we can see that if the oil of wheat is a cure for cancer, there would be fewer cases in the world if people used the grain in its natural state, without all the cleansing and refining, which eliminate all its fine curative and nourishing qualities.

Index to Volume XIII of The Golden Age

NUMBER 315

Kingdom Work in Fiji

Kingdom Message in Central Africa ....17

International Bankruptcy in Sight

Utilities Companies Fight People

Sheep and Goat at Markdale ..........

Racketeering of Missions. Evangelists 20

Liberty or Obedience, Which? (Radio Echo) 21

Germane Questions

Some Free Dental Advice

The Kingdom of Heaven on Earth

NUMBER 316

Switzerland—the Fortress of Europe .... 35

Russia Building World’s Largest Army 44

Pennsylvania Restive Ender Blue Laws 44

Why Mooney Is Kept in Prison

African Natives Out of Work

On the Moratorium

Public Health of Detroit

Short Tour of India

Printing Visagraph for the Blind

Aluminum Poisoning

In a South Carolina Mill Town

George Bernard Shaw on Russia

Union Pacific After Business

Georgia Power Company Rates ....

Tuberculin Testing of Cattle in Ohio .... 57

Depression in the Far East

Obedience the Way to Life

NUMBER 317

International Trade Barriers

Unemployment in Canada

Among the Usurers

Child Labor Benefits No One ..................

To Drive Government Out of Business 85

Status Lymphaticus

Good Board at 75c a Week ..........

Aluminum Poisoning at White Plains .... 8^

Poisons Generated by Aluminum Cooking 87

Thousand Miles up the Amazon

Nows Items from Korea ...

Pioneering in Central America

Blocks to Mankind’s Prosperity

NUMBER 318

Man as a Gregarious Animal

Don’t Beat Me

More Depression Relief Cooperation .... 108

Misinstruction of School Children

The Breakdown of Law

New Jersey State Police

On the Nature and Origin of Life ....115

Slippery, Slippery Elm Bark

Prunes, Raisins and Senna Leaves

Potash vs. Common Salt

250.000 Drowned in China

Power of the Creator

NUMBER 319

New York’s Milk Problem

Wasting—Saving—Using

Terrible Conditions in Saskatchewan .... 138

With the Poor in Oregon

The Demand for Leadership

Why Go Hungry? Provide Food

Municipal Ownership in Indiana

Doctor Confesses in Serum Disaster ....147

Not Much for His Wool

Blessings in Old Mexico

“In Our Opinion. You Can Do No Wrong” loO Flaming Financial Worlds

Jehovah’s witnesses Not After Money .. 151

May Be Something to Divining .Rod ....152

Wisdom and Present World Crisis

The Old World and the New (Poem) 158

Would Have to Know Who Blessed It 159

NUMBER 320

Wheat as a Food

Baptist Christianity in Kentucky

Deutsche Keichsban—Greatest Employer 171

Conditions in Arizona

Editor Learns Lot in Two Months

Eight Additional Letters Needed

Bogus Negro Spirituals

Why I Am a Chiropractor

No Fish Can Live at Bauxite

Prevention of Simple Goiter

Why I Do Not Buy Red Cross Seals 182

Fatal Typical Slippical Gypical

Notes from Korea

In the Courts of South Africa

Maanhaar—for Lovers of Wild Life .... 184

How Will World-wide Peace Be Secured 185

What the Church Has Done

NUMBER 321

Exploration Reduced to a Science

Strong Denunciation of Hollywood

School Attendance Not Compulsory .... 206

WBBR’s New Organ

New York Suspends Vaccination

As Men and Monkeys View It

What a Confession I

Items from Korea

As to Home Rule for India ...

Removing the Cause of Epidemics

Suggestions for Flood Control

“The New Tower of Babel”

Life Hinges on Obedience

How to Eradicate Insects

NUMBER 322

The Posts—Ancient and Modern

Canada—on Highroad to Asia

Canadian Air Mail Service

First Resurrection and Better Resurr'n 250

NUMBER 323

The Land of the Incas

The Mooney Case in a Nutshell

My Letter to Governor Rolph

Events in Canada

Report on Judge R's Havana Lecture 275

Panama Canal Information

230 Poisoned at Overbrook

Conspiracy Against God’s Anointed ....277 "Who Is Your God?

Home Instruction of the Young

Our Sunday Visitor and Its “Bureau” 285

NUMBER 324

Propulsive Power of Light

A Golden Age Alphabet

Hail Jehovah of Hosts’

NUMBER 325

Japan Takes Over Manchuria (Part 1) 323

Notes from Korea

What Becomes of Our Earnings?

Scene in Municipal Building

Wheat the Perfect Food

Care of the Feet

“Protects Art of Healing”

Virginia’s Jail Record

Blessing to AH Families of Earth Near 347

NUMBER 326

What Is Wrong at Bergenfield?

Jehovah’s Victory at Wilmington

Winslow Trades Police for Clergy

An Interesting Legal Decision

Dry Weather Blessing to Jehovah’s w’s 362 “The More Intelligent of the Laity” .... 362 Japan Takes Over Manchuria (Part 2) 363 Obedience Essential to Life ....................378

NUMBER 327

Demonism in Latest Aspects (Part 1) 387

Christian Science Radio Espionage .... 397

Australian Clergy Admit the Facts

Union with Rome

Big Business as an Executioner

“No War in Manchuria”

Why Japanese Grabbed Manchuria

Worthless Infantile Paralysis Serum .... 407

No Such Thing as Vaccination

Vaccination Experiences in Cleveland ..408

Approved Form Vaccination Certificate 410

Alan’s Everlasting Home

Rise and Fall of Business Activity

NUMBER 328

Demonism In Latest Aspects (Part 2) 419

Events in Canada

Prayers for the Creative Spirit

Truth Sometimes Comes Quickly

Another Rooster Heard From

World Peace

NUMBER 329

Lawlessness by Officers of the Law .... 451

Illegalities at Pittston, Swoyersville .... 461

Asbury Park and Jehovah God

Learning the Lesson of Obedience

NUMBER 330

Syria—Bridge to Three Continents

Essay on the Blind

What an Oiange Grower Got

Not So Slippery Elm Bark

Andrew Mellon Is the Answer

Getting Ready for Another World War 496

Harking Back to Diego Deza

An Irish Free State Correction

Billy Sunday Lame on Constitution .... 499

What Happened in Ocean Grove

Threats of False Arrest

My Son Stood Pat

May Observe Sabbath Without Hindrance 507

NUMBER 331

Debate by Radio

Jehovah’s witnesses: Why Persecuted? 516

Letters and Telegrams

Deluge of Demands for Debate

“John Doe” at Asbury Park

Wooden Heads, Land of Wooden Nutmegs 532

Yuma Cops Grab Bear by Tail

Aluminum Ware Takes Life at College 537

Moriarty's Letter to Senator Walsh .... 537

Red and Green Lights

The Armament Conference

Armaments Expenditures of 40 Nations 539

Doings at Old Goa

NUMBER 332

Kingdom Message in British East Africa 547

Newfoundland on Rampage

Events in Canada

Raising Pullets in Alberta

More Whole Wheat Recipes

Can Girls Afford to Smoke?

Johnson Wants Better Government .... 555

A Symposium on Medicine

Obedience Above Love of Kindred

Steagall and Federal Reserve

NUMBER 333

Argentina—The Land of Promise

Thrilling Letter from Mexico

Some More Soviet Items

Gypsy Smith and the Long Green

Missouri Legislators in Bad Business .. 594

Safety First at Sea

How Vaccination Fight Was Won

Proofs that Death Is Decreasing

Bars to Human Prosperity

NUMBER 334

A Glimpse at Merchandising

Ford Workers Not Overpaid

What the Allies Promised

Increased Cost of National Government 624

S. Dakota Greets Prospective Citizens .... 625

Hoover Hotel of College Corner

Herbs for the Service of Man

“Soaking the Rich”

“Things Exactly as They Are”

Demons Broke Up His Home

God's Rainbow Covenant

Half of Merthyr Out of Work

NUMBER 335

Jehovah God and American Government 643

Hints of a Dictatorship

Can the American Government Endure? 647

Proclaiming the Kingdom at Washington 654

Photographs from the Family Album .. 656

Plain Talk by Kenneth Colhns

Some Responses to Address of June 26 661

There Will Be but One Government .... 669

NUMBER 336

Getting Rid of Nuisances

Los Angeles Getting Nervous

Events in Canada

Notes from Korea

Nut Loaf like Meat Loaf

Keeping Up a Brave Front .......„

The Republican Convention

Milwaukee’s Unemployment Club

Shutting the Mouths of Lions

The Kidnaping at Harlan ..

Revolution of Our Food Economics .... 697

Alice Foote MacDougall Coffee Shops .... 700

Holy Smoke I

A Feast of Fat Things for All People .. 701

lu the Devil’s Islands

NUMBER 337

Gravitation and Electric Energy

“Japan’s Undeclared War m Shanghai” 711

The Kaiser’s Coolies

What Is on the Doorstep

Starving the Wrong Horse

Singular Habits of the Salmon

A Nice Note from Chicago

The Political Free Lunch Counter

The French Peasant on His Own Land 720

Child Training

Jig Time Salads

Notes on Health

Why the Chickens Did Not Grow

Jehovah the Teacher of His People

Craving for Prosperity ...

Airplane Travel Around South America 734

NUMBER 338

Elementary Education

Injustices in Misreading Meters

Asking for Trouble

Why the Collapse of Morality ....

Prosperity for Ever Established

Dry Bread Made Fresh

NUMBER 339

Egypt, The Land the Devil Claimed .... 771

A First Glance at Moscow

The Higher Quackery

Nassau County's Enthusiastic Police .... 786

An Open Letter to Council of Churches 793

America Fallen to Shameful Depths .... 794

Wholly Obeying Jehovah God ............795

NUMBER 340

Our Semi-inviF’b^ I'rionds nⁿd Foes .... 803

Convention U. 8. Chamber of Commerce .. 819

Farm Board as Instrument of Oppression 822

World's Fastest Train

Notes from Cook Islands .. .. ...

For Sufferers with Lung Trouble

Who Is to Blame?

Snake at the Top of the Ladder

Roman Catholic Sausage on Friday

Kingdom Booklet Saves Two Lives

Bank Robber Passes Out Colorfully ..—.826

“By Order of -----” (Poem)

End of Oppression Near

Some Indian Remedies

An Actual Tuberculin Test

An Actual Tuberculin Test By G. Nordstrom

I HAVE been keeping a cow for about five years which was tested and passed as free from tuberculosis. Last summer’s calf was a heifer, and, as the cow was getting old, I decided to raise that heifer and get rid of the cow; but this spring, when the cow and nine-month-old heifer were tested the heifer reacted, but not the cow. The inspector came back after a few days to see if the cow would not also react. The argument arose, where did the heifer get the tuberculosis? It had been with no other cattle than the mother.

Well, the heifer had to go to the butcher; that was that. As the cow was getting old 1 told the inspector he might as well take her too. So both were branded with a T. I had to sell them to a butcher within twenty days, and the butcher had ten days in which to kill them. When I later went to the butcher to get paid he told me the cow was so bad that she did not pass the inspection that would permit the sale of the meat. He told me further that they kept the cow for the use of the milk for a few days, considering it clean. Even the inspector had his share of it. But I do not get anything out of the transaction.

I was told that really bad cows do not react. If that holds good the worst cows are passing the test. One of the butchers said that many condemned cows do not show any trace of tuberculosis when killed.

WHERE IS EVERYBODY

at the time Peter writes about when he says, in 2 Peter 3:10, “the heavens shall pass away with a great noise” and “the earth shall be burned up” ?

If Peter’s statement were literally true, what would be the good of trying to prepare for heaven?

Two of the greatest prophecies in the Bible, Ezekiel and Revelation, are devoted almost exclusively to a detailed account of just how “the heavens shall pass away with a great noise” and exactly how “the earth shall be burned up”, and what shall come thereafter. Until this very time, these two books have been the most mysterious and incomprehensible of the entire Bible because they were written in symbols. But, now that the Creator’s due time has come to unlock their secrets, almost incredible is the simplicity and the self-evidence of their explanation.

In five most extraordinary books, LIGHT One and Two and VINDICATION One, Two and Three, Judge Rutherford gives an explanation of every verse of these two prophecies, and you will be amazed to find that those things you yourself have seen take place on the earth, particularly since 1914, were all recorded centuries ago and are undeniable proofs of the nearness of the destruction of present-day “Christendom” and the establishment of God’s glorious world-wide government.

The five can be had for only $1.25, mailed anywhere postage prepaid. We don’t mean $1.25 for one, but you get the whole set of five bound books for this amount. Taken singly, 30c each.

THE WATCH TOWER, 117 ADAMS ST., BROOKLYN, N. Y.

I enclose money order for $ for which please send me the books I have checked below.

Name .....................................

Street and No..............................

City and State ............................

□ Light I □ Light II □ Vindication I □ Vindication II

30c each; all 5 for $1.25 □ Vindication III

THE WATCH TOWER, 117 ADAMS STREET, BROOKLYN, N. Y.