(The Golden Age

A JOURNAL OF FACT HOPE AND COURAGE

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII1IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII in this issue JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES SUE JEHOVAH’S SLANDERERS

LEGAL VINDICATION AGAINST INTOLERANCE

HIGHER POWERS

EUROPE AND ELSEWHERE

DISOBEDIENCE NULLIFIES LIBERALITY AND WORSHIP

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii

every other

WEDNESDAY five cents a copy one dollar a year Canada & Foreign 1.25

Vol. XVII-No. 442

August 26, 1936

CONTENTS

•rug)..

LABOR AND ECONOMICS

Stating It as a Diplomat

In British Labor Camps

The Tax Collector of Lapusan 761

SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL

Judge Rutherford Sues Cardinal Dougherty et al.

Suit of Watch Tower Bible & Tract

Society Against Dougherty ct al. 746

Legal Vindication Against

Intolerance

Higher Powers

Wanted the Lord to Have It All

Jehovah’s Slanderers vs. Jehovah's witnesses

Gradually Becoming Civilized

Grabbing the Films in Spain

Cruelties to Animals in Movies

Disobedience Nullifies Liberality and Worship

FINANCE—COMMERCE—TRANSPORTATION

Highways for Bulgaria

Motor Accidents in Switzerland

Air Train Record in Russia

Paris Subways as Gas Shelters

World’s Longest Oil Transport Line 760

POLITICAL—DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN

Uneasy Lies King Boris’ Head

Extracts from Mark Twain

Postal Service 300 Years Old

Europe Will Never Understand

Pressing Hard for Volunteers

What “We” Can Do

At Zionist Congress in Lucerne

“Round and Round and Round” 7C0 Seeking to Escape from Bulgaria

SCIENCE AND INVENTION

Continuous Drawing of Glass

“Wonderful” Scientists in Greece 760

Curious Lightning Phenomenon

HOME AND HEALTH

Putting the Doctors Out to Grass 7-15

Rayon Suits for Men

Human Creatures in Britain

TRAVEL AND MISCELLANY

Brush and Canvas Medium

Coming In by the Roof

Sealed in Glass Jar Thirty Days 759

Warning of Wild Dogs in N.J. 762

The Happiest Married Couple

The Clock Tower of Berne

RELIGION AND PHILOSOPHY

“Pascola” Dance Forbidden

in Sonora

No Longer After Daniels’ Scalp

K. of C. Ebullitions Propaganda

Edward VII Died a Catholic (1)

Attaboy Kemal

Sera Alexander of Brasov

The Murder of Witkowski

Anti-Jewish Intolerance

Idiotic “Holy Ground” Superstition 763

Published every other Wednesday by

GOLDEN AGE PUBLISHING COMPANY, INC.

117 Adams Street, Brooklyn, N. Y., U. S. A.

Clayton J. Woodworth President         Nathan H. Knorr Vice President

Charles E. Wagner Secretary and Treasurer

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ofte Golden Age

Volume XVII                      Brooklyn, N.Y., Wednesday, August 26, 1936                      Number 442

District Court of the United States

EASTERN DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA

Joseph F. Rutherford,

Plaintiff,

versus                  I   AT

Dennis Dougherty, James J. Clarke, \ >........Term, 1936.

• J. Carroll McCormick, and the

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia, l No.............

a corporation,

Defendants.

STATEMENT OF CLAIM

The plaintiff above named, Joseph F. Rutherford, claims of Dennis Dougherty, James J. Clarke, J. Carroll McCormick, and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia, a corporation, the above-named defendants, the sum of One Hundred Thousand Dollars ($100,000.00), actual and punitive damages, upon cause of action brought by reason of diversity of citizenship of the respective parties in this District Court of the United States, whereof the following is a statement:

• I. Plaintiff is a citizen of the United States and of the State of New York, and resides in the Borough of Brooklyn, Kings County, City and State of New York.

• II. The defendants Dennis Dougherty, James J. Clarke, J. Carroll McCormick, and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia, a corporation of the State of Pennsylvania, are severally and all of them citizens of the State of Pennsylvania, and reside and have their residence and place of business in the City and County of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania.

• III. Plaintiff is and for a number of years last past has been a public speaker and lecturer on the platform and by radio on subjects contained in and related to the book or collection of books commonly known as The Bible, and is the author of many books, pamphlets and public addresses on Biblical subjects, and he is and long has been President and chief executive officer and public spokesman by radio and otherwise, of the Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, a corporation under the laws of the State of Pennsylvania, having its principal office in the City and County of Allegheny, Pennsylvania.

• IV. Defendant Dennis Dougherty is and for years past has been an official of the Roman Catholic Church under the title and designation of Cardinal Archbishop, and is the head and chief executive of the defendant Archdiocese of Philadelphia, which he directs and controls, and has full authority and control over all the affairs and interests spiritual and temporal and property real and personal, and over all subordinate ecclesiastical persons and priests or pastors pertaining to the said Archdiocese, all of whom owe him obedience.

• V. Defendant J. Carroll McCormick is a priest of the said Archdiocese and is Chancellor or secretary of the same, and is subject to the control and obedience of his superior Archbishop, the defendant Dougherty.

• VI. Defendant James J. Clarke is a priest of said Archdiocese under the direction and control of said Archbishop, and he is and at the times hereinafter mentioned was the pastor or priest in charge of a certain Roman Catholic Church known as Church of our Lady of the Blessed Sacrament, Holy Ghost Fathers, in the City of Philadelphia.

• VII. The defendant Archdiocese of Philadelphia is an ecclesiastical corporation or juridical personality created or recognized by the laws of Pennsylvania, controlled and directed by the defendant Archbishop Dougherty and subject to his sole authority and jurisdiction.

• VIII. That among the duties within the scope of office and employment of the several above-named defendants are those of promoting the ecclesiastical and material interests of the said Roman Catholic Church and its beliefs and dogmas, and to discourage and thwart so far as possible all opposed teachings and activities.

• IX. Plaintiff as President and public spokesman of the said Watch Tower Society, has for the past ten years and more regularly conducted through the facilities of the Pennsylvania Broadcasting Company, a radio broadcasting station known as WIP, located in Philadelphia, a weekly broadcast on Bible subjects, for fifteen minutes each Sunday, and over a national or international circuit, under a contract in writing between said Watch Tower Company and said Pennsylvania Broadcasting Co., and was so engaged at the times hereinafter mentioned, up to its interruption by the above-named defendants.

• X. Plaintiff is a good, true, honest and faithful citizen, and as such hath always behaved and conducted himself, and until the committing of the several grievances by the said several defendants, as hereinafter mentioned, was always reputed, esteemed and accepted by and amongst his friends, neighbors, acquaintances and great audiences of good persons throughout the States of New York, Pennsylvania and the United States to whom he was in any wise known, to be a person of good name, fame and credit, and especially for honesty and truthfulness, and the desire to promote peace and good will amongst men.

XL And whereas, also, the said plaintiff, Joseph F. Rutherford, hath not ever been guilty, nor until the time of the committing of the several grievances by the said defendants as hereinafter mentioned, been suspected or supposed to have been guilty of dishonesty, untruthfulness or the stirring up of strife or ill will or any other crime or dishonesty.

• XII. By reason of which said premises, he, the said plaintiff, before the committing of the said several grievances by the said defendants as hereinafter mentioned, had deservedly the good opinion and credit of all his neighbors and other good and worthy citizens and persons throughout the said States and elsewhere to whom he was in any wise known personally or through his public speaking, books and writings, to wit, largely throughout the United States and abroad.

• XIII. Yet the said several defendants above named, well knowing the premises, but greatly envying the happy state and condition of the said plaintiff and fearing and hating the effects of his widespread teachings of Biblical truths, and contriving together and wickedly and maliciously intending to injure the said plaintiff Joseph F. Rutherford in his said good name, fame and credit, and to bring him into public scandal, infamy and disgrace, with and amongst all neighbors and other good and worthy people, and to cause it to be suspected and believed by those neighbors and persons that he, the said Joseph F. Rutherford, had been and was guilty of dishonesty, untruthfulness, misrepresentations and the fomenting of religious hatred and bigotry, and to expose him to whatever pains and penalties provided by law or public opinion against persons so guilty; and to vex, harass, oppress, impoverish and wholly ruin him, the said Joseph F. Rutherford in his person and profession and activities, heretofore, to wit, on or about the 15th day of February, 1936, at Philadelphia, in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, did maliciously concert and conspire together to, and did falsely and maliciously compose and publish, and cause and procure to be published of and concerning him, the said Joseph F. Rutherford, plaintiff herein, a certain false, scandalous, malicious and defamatory libel, in the words, manner and setting forth as follow’s:

• XIV. The defendant James J. Clarke falsely and maliciously wrote, at the instigation of the other three named defendants who concurred in and in writing endorsed said letter, as follows, to wit:

  742

  
  

  Church of Our Lady of the Blessed Sacrament, HOLY GHOST FATHERS

  714 N. BROAD STREET

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

• XV. The aforesaid letter was duly mailed or forwarded to and received by said Station WIP and by Gimbel Bros., who own or control the said broadcasting station and are heavily interested in it financially, and who also own and operate one of the most extensive department stores in the said City, of which the said defendant Clarke was, as alleged in said letter, a customer with a credit account, and also as alleged a very large percentage of its customers were Roman Catholic parishioners and adherents and also auditors of the radio broadcast addresses of this plaintiff, as in said letter indicated.

• XVI. By the words of the said letter, several times repeated, naming Judge Rutherford, the said defendants meant and intended this plaintiff, Joseph F. Rutherford, who is a lawyer and a practicing attorney of the New York Bar, and was formerly a Judge of Court, and who is known and called “Judge Rutherford” by all who in any wise know or know of him, throughout the country and elsewhere.

• XVII. By the words “attacks the Catholic Church,” the said defendants meant and intended and were understood to say, that this plaintiff evilly and maliciously and untruthfully makes public statements with respect to the said Church and its history and public activities, and that he is therefore a maligner and falsifier and is entitled to no respect or credit, which allegations are false, malicious and libelous.

• XVIII. By the words of said letter “misrepresents her teachings,” said defendants meant and intended and were understood to say, that this plaintiff falsely made public statements with respect to the doctrinal teachings and dogmas of said Church which were contrary to the true intent and meaning of the said teachings, doctrines and dogmas, and that plaintiff is himself a false teacher of Biblical and ecclesiastical matters and doctrines, and is unworthy of belief and credit; which allegations are false, malicious and libelous.

• XIX. By the words of said letter “foments religious hatred and bigotry,” the said defendants meant and intended and were understood to say, that this plaintiff willfully and wickedly made publicly statements respecting defendants and the adherents of their sect intended and tending to provoke a breach of the peace on the part of the said parishioners and that plaintiff was guilty of the despicable conduct of stirring up and promoting the evil of sectarian hatred, intolerance and bigotry, while defendants seem oblivious of the hatred and bigotry explicit in their own act of attempt to deprive the plaintiff of the fundamental civic right of freedom of speech and the use of public broadcasting facilities to voice his own legitimate opinions of Bible and Roman Catholic teachings; which charges made against this plaintiff are false, malicious and libelous.

• XX. By the words “take my name off your charge account list, because I will never spend another penny in Gimbel Bros, store,” said defendants meant and intended and were understood to say, that because this plaintiff was allowed under contract with said Station and Gimbel Bros, to broadcast Bible teachings and to express opinions which the defendants were pleased to take as objectionable to themselves and their Church, they and the “very large percentage” of their parishioners referred to, would institute and prosecute a boycott against the said store and station, in order to penalize them for making and performing their contract for broadcasting the addresses of Judge Rutherford, and thus by threats and violence to bring about a breach of said contract and a violation of his legal rights; and by these threats, and many others from themselves and their said parishioners, and further threats of “further and more drastic action” to be taken if said broadcasting were permitted to continue, made by these defendants, they did cause the discontinuance of the said broadcasting and deprived plaintiff of the right further to speak over the said radio station.

• XXI. By the words of said letter “and thereby expose a very large per cent of your customers to open insult and ridicule,” the said defendants meant and intended and were understood to say, that this plaintiff, through his said broadcast addresses, made false and malicious statements with respect to the said Church and its adherents intended and tending to insult and ridicule them and their beliefs, which allegations against this plaintiff are false, malicious and libelous.

• XXII. By means of the committing of all which said several grievances by the said several defendants as aforesaid, the said plaintiff hath been and is greatly injured in his said good name, fame and credit, and brought into public scandal, infamy and disgrace, and exposed to public scorn, ridicule and contempt, with and amongst his neighbors and other good and worthy persons, in so much that divers of those neighbors and persons to whom the innocence and integrity of the plaintiff in the premises were unknown, have, on account of the committing of the said grievances by the said several defendants as aforesaid, from thence have suspected and believed and still do suspect and believe him, the said plaintiff, to have been and to be a person guilty of public untruth and a liar, and to be unworthy of public confidence, faith and credit, to be an evil-disposed and bad character publicly fomenting religious hatred, bigotry and intolerance, and falsely maligning, insulting and ridiculing many good and respectable people because merely of their religious beliefs and practices, and have by reason of the committing of the said grievances by the said defendants as aforesaid, from thence have wholly refused and still do refuse to have any transaction, acquaintance or discourse with him, the said plaintiff, as they were before used and accustoined to have, and otherwise would have had, and the said plaintiff, Joseph F. Rutherford, has been and is by means of the premises otherwise greatly injured, to wit, in the States of New York, Pennsylvania and throughout the United States and elsewhere.

Wherefore the said Joseph F. Rutherford saith that he is injured and has sustained damage to the amount of One Hundred Thousand ($100,000.00) Dollars, actual and punitive damages, and therefore he brings his suit.

Joseph Wheless,

Attorney for Plaintiff.

Eastern District of New York j State of New York       I ss.

County of Kings          )

Personally appeared before me, Charles E. Wagner, a Notary Public in and for said County and State, Joseph F. Rutherford, plaintiff herein named, who, being duly sworn according to law, deposes and says that the facts set forth in the foregoing Statement of Claim, so far as stated upon his own knowledge, are true, and so far as stated upon information, he believes them to be true, and expects to be able to prove them to be true upon the trial of this cause.

J. F. Rutherford.

Sworn and Subscribed before me this 16th day of July, 1936.

Charles E. Wagner

Notary Public, Kings County

Clerks No. 37, Reg. No. 8042

Commission Expires March 30, 1938

[seal]

Fillers

In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County

PENNSYLVANIA

Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society,

a corporation,

Plaintiff,

^versus                  \ No

Dennis Dougherty, James J. Clarke, J. Carroll McCormick, and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia, a corporation, Defendants.

STATEMENT OF CLAIM

The Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, a Corporation, claims of Dennis Dougherty, James J. Clarke, J. Carroll McCormick, and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia, a corporation, defendants above named, the sum of One Hundred Thousand ($100,000.00) Dollars, actual and punitive damages, upon causes of action whereof the following is a statement:

• I. Plaintiff is a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Pennsylvania, and having its principal office in the City of Allegheny, in the County of Allegheny, Pennsylvania.

• II. The purpose for which the corporation, which is a non-profitmaking membership corporation without capital stock, is formed, is the dissemination of Bible truths in various languages by means of the publication of tracts, pamphlets, papers and other religious documents, and by the use of all other lawful means which its Board of Directors, duly constituted, shall deem expedient for the furtherance of the purpose stated, including for some years past radio broadcasting, as hereinafter more particularly set forth.

• III. Defendant Dennis Dougherty is the Roman Catholic Cardinal Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Philadelphia and its chief executive officer in matters ecclesiastical and secular; the defendant James J. Clarke is a priest of the Roman Catholic Church and pastor in charge of a church known as Church of Our Lady of the Blessed Sacrament, Holy Ghost Fathers, located at No. 714 North Broad Street, in the City of Philadelphia; the defendant J. Carroll McCormick is a Roman Catholic priest and is Chancellor or secretary of the defendant Archdiocese of Philadelphia; and the defendant Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia is a corporation or juridical personality created under or recognized by the laws of the State of Pennsylvania; and all of the said defendants are residents of the City of Philadelphia, and of the State of Pennsylvania.

• IV. The three defendants other than the defendant Dougherty, who is their superior and directs and controls them, are under the authority of the defendant Dougherty and subject to and owe full obedience to him as head of said Diocese.

• V. Among the duties and activities of the said four defendants and within the actual or assumed scope of their office, authority and employment, are those of promoting the ecclesiastical and material interests of the said Archdiocese and of the Roman Catholic Church therein and in general, and its beliefs, dogmas and teachings, and to prevent and suppress by any means available, including threats, boycotts and other more drastic means, all opposing activities and religious teachings and propaganda, as hereinafter more fully instanced.

• VI. As one of the means or instrumentalities availed of by this plaintiff for carrying on the legitimate purposes expressed in its said Charter granted by the State of Pennsylvania, for more than ten years last past it has actively conducted through its President, Judge Joseph F. Rutherford, and others, a weekly series of addresses on Biblical and religious subjects by radio broadcasts over the Radio Station known as Station WIP, located in the City of Philadelphia, under contracts in writing with the Pennsylvania Broadcasting Company, a Pennsylvania corporation operating said station WIP, which is owned and controlled through heavy pecuniary interest by Gimbel Brothers of Philadelphia.

• VII. The said contracts for broadcasting the addresses of Judge Rutherford and others were annual contracts renewed at the end of each period, the last of which was effective from April 1, 1935, and expiring March 31, 1936, and the same was to have been and would have been then renewed for a further term of one year and indefinitely thereafter but for the unlawful and malicious acts of interference on the part of the several defendants herein, as now more particularly stated.

• VIII. The said several defendants, Dennis Dougherty, individually and as Archbishop and head of the said Archdiocese and on behalf of the same and of the said Roman Catholic Church, the said defendant Archdiocese acting through the said Dougherty and the defendant J. Carroll McCormick as its chancellor and officer, and the defendants McCormick and Clarke as individuals and priests of the said Church and Archdiocese, all and severally actuated by religious hatred, bigotry and intolerance towards this plaintiff and its broadcaster Judge Rutherford and others of its speakers in said broadcasts of addresses in furtherance of the chartered purposes of the plaintiff corporation, in the month of February, 1936, and thereafter prior to and up to the time of the expiration of the then effective broadcasting contract, and for the purpose of interfering therewith and forcing a breach of the same and a refusal by said Broadcasting Company and Gimbel Brothers to renew and continue the same, as they were ready and willing to do and would otherwise have done as requested by this plaintiff, conspired and concerted together to interfere with and cause an unlawful breach of said contract and refusal to renew the same, and to deprive this plaintiff and its officers and public speakers by said broadcasts of their fundamental rights of free speech and public propaganda of their legitimate Biblical and religious teachings and to close their mouths in voicing opinions which the said defendants presumptuously declared to be objectionable to themselves and to their Church and its adherents, did in furtherance and execution of their said malicious conspiracy and concerted wrong against this plaintiff, the following unlawful, malicious and wrongful acts overt in prejudice of the lawful rights and liberties of plaintiff, to wit:

• IX. The defendant James J. Clarke, at the instance and instigation and with the consent and approval of his several co-defendants herein named, did on February 15, 1936, write a certain letter on the letter-heads of the said Church of Our Lady, etc., addressed to Station WIP and to Gimbel Bros., in which said letter he wrote and declared that “As a Catholic Clergyman & as Pastor of the above named Church, in the name of my Parishioners, I protest against you allowing broadcasting facilities to Judge Rutherford next Sunday afternoon at 3 P.M. or any other time”; and he alleged as his “reasons for this protest, that Judge Rutherford attacks the Catholic Church, misrepresents her teachings & foments religious hatred & bigotry,” which said allegations are maliciously untrue, while the clerical author is seemingly oblivious of the religious hatred and bigotry explicit in his demand to silence this plaintiff and Judge Rutherford and to deprive them of their lawful right of freedom of speech simply because the defendants dislike and fear the educative addresses broadcast over the said Station WIP; and said letter further contained a threat of boycott against Gimbel Brothers if they permitted their radio station to carry further broadcasts of Judge Rutherford, it being declared therein, that “If the said Judge is allowed to speak next Sunday afternoon please take my name off your charge account list, because I will never spend another penny in Gimbel Bros store”; and the reverend writer adds in the said letter: “The surprise is that you would allow such a broadcast & thereby expose a very large per cent of your customers to open insult and ridicule,” which said intimation or allegation that this plaintiff or Judge Rutherford spoke or broadcast words intended or tending by any just and reasonable interpretation to expose Roman Catholics to insult or ridicule is untrue; and the said defendant Clarke closed his said letter with the wish and threat, “Hoping you will take the necessary action,” that is, breach your said contract with this plaintiff because of the above-recited threats, and deny plaintiff and its speakers the right of free speech distasteful to these defendants, their hierarchy and Church.

• X. The above letter being delivered on its date to the addressees, Station WIP, and Gimbel Brothers, who justly refused to be influenced thereby to breach their contract and to deny freedom of speech over its broadcasting system and national and international connections used by plaintiff and its speakers for years past, the said several defendants above named, in further execution and as part of their said malicious concert and conspiracy to silence this plaintiff over said Radio System, began and carried on for some weeks an intensive and vituperative campaign of threats of boycott and reprisal against said Station WIP and Gimbel Brothers, for the purpose unlawful and malicious of compelling them to refuse to further renew the said broadcasting contract upon its expiration on March 31, 1936, and to that end and for that unlawful purpose, said defendants procured their parishioners and other adherents, including many of the “very large per cent” of Roman Catholic customers of Gimbel Bros., to write a great number of protesting and threatening letters to the said Station WIP and to Gimbel Brothers, and to make a great many personal visits and telephone calls to them, of like tenor and effect as protests and threats as those in the above-mentioned letter of the defendant Clarke, the exact contents and number thereof being unknown to plaintiff, but the said letters and records of visits and calls are preserved by said Station WIP and by Gimbel Brothers, and will be proved upon the trial of this action.

XL That as the direct and proximate consequence and result of the said letters, personal visits, telephone calls, protests, threats and fear of boycotts, and of no other circumstances or considerations whatsoever, the said Station WIP and Gimbel Brothers refused the request and offer of plaintiff duly and timely made to them before the expiration of the said contract on March 31, 1936, to renew the said contract

and to continue the use of its said broadcasting facilities to this plaintiff ; that plaintiff was willing, ready and able financially and in every wise to renew the said contract and said Station WIP and Gimbel Brothers had promised and agreed to renew and were otherwise willing and ready and able to renew the same, and could and would have done so except for the malicious, intolerant and bigoted interference and threats of the said several defendants hereinbefore named, and plaintiff was thereby and therefore prevented and disabled from continuing its series of broadcasts and was forced to abandon and discontinue the same solely because of the malicious conspiracy and acts of defendants.

• XII. That as the direct and proximate result of the said conspiracy and interference of the defendants, the plaintiff has suffered the loss of a contract very valuable to it in the prosecution of the purposes for which it was chartered, and has suffered great financial loss and damage, and great damage to its credit and prestige as the exponent of Biblical and religious truth, has been greatly hindered and embarrassed in its authorized work, and has been otherwise greatly injured.

To the damage of the plaintiff in the sum of One Hundred Thousand ($100,000.00) Dollars, and therefore it brings this suit.

• XIII. And for a further and second cause of action, the plaintiff repeats and realleges all of the matters and facts pleaded and set forth in the foregoing Statement of Claim and in Paragraphs I to XII thereof inclusive, with the same force and effect as if again set forth in full herein, and for its further cause of action alleges and says:

• XIV. The right to make and enforce contracts is a legal right secured to plaintiff by virtue of the Constitution and laws of the United States and of the State of Pennsylvania, and particularly by Section 1977 of the Revised Statutes of the United States.

• XV. That by Section 3 of Section 1980 of the said Revised Statutes of the United States, it is provided that if two or more persons in any State conspire for the purpose of depriving, either directly or indirectly, any person or class of persons (which includes this plaintiff) of the equal protection of the laws, or of equal privileges or immunities under the laws, and that in any case of conspiracy set forth in this section, if one or more persons engaged therein do, or cause to be done, any act in furtherance of the object of such conspiracy, whereby another is injured in his person or property, or deprived of having and exercising any right (including the right to make and enforce contracts) or privilege of a citizen of the United States, the party so injured may have an action for the recovery of damages, occasioned by such injury or deprivation, against any one or more of the conspirators.

• XVI. The defendants above named, Dennis Dougherty, James J. Clarke, J. Carroll McCormick, and Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Philadelphia, have as above set forth in Paragraphs VIII, IX and X hereof, maliciously conspired together to prevent and by the overt acts therein set forth did prevent this plaintiff from renewing and making the contract for broadcasting mentioned and set forth in Paragraphs VI and VII hereof, and did cause the breach of the contract to renew the same, and from having and exercising the right and privilege of making and renewing said contract and from the right of conducting thereby the purposes for which it was chartered and from deriving the profits and advantages thereby secured to it, whereby plaintiff has suffered the injuries, losses and damages specified in Paragraphs XI and XII hereof and has been deprived of the right of freedom of speech and religious opinions guaranteed to it and its speakers by the Constitution and laws of the State of Pennsylvania and of the United States.

To the damage of the plaintiff in the sum of One Hundred Thousand ($100,000.00) Dollars, actual and punitive damages, and therefore it brings this suit.

Joseph Wheless, Attorney for Plaintiff.

Eastern District of New York j

State of New York        ss.

County of Kings         j

Personally appeared before me, Charles E. Wagner, a Notary Public in and for said County and State, William E. Van Amburgh, who is known to me to be the Secretary and Treasurer of Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, a corporation of the State of Pennsylvania having an office in the County of Kings and being authorized to carry on its corporate business in the State of New York, the plaintiff herein named, who, being duly sworn according to law, deposes and says that he is the Secretary and Treasurer of the said Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, and that he has personal knowledge of the facts herein stated and is duly authorized to make this verification, and that the facts set' forth in the foregoing Statement of Claim, so far as stated upon his own knowledge, are true, and so far as stated upon information, he believes them to be true, and expects to be able to prove them to be true upon the trial of this cause.

W. E. Van Amburgh. Sworn to and Subscribed before me this 16th day of July, 1936.

Charles E. Wagner

Notary Public, Kings County

Clerks No. 37, Reg. No. 8042

Commission Expires March 30, 1938

[seal]

Legal Vindication Against Religious Intolerance By Joseph Wheless (New York City)

THE editor of The Golden Age asks me, as -L the attorney who prepared both cases, to make a brief explanation of the significance and great importance of the two actions at law just filed in the courts at Philadelphia, by the Watch Tower Society and Judge Rutherford, against “His Eminence” Dennis Cardinal Dougherty, Roman Catholic archbishop of Philadelphia, and several of his co-conspirators against American liberties, the verified pleadings in which suits are published in the present issue of this journal.

This I am pleased to do; for seldom, if ever, has so signal an opportunity come to citizens and to courts of this country to vindicate, against bigoted arrogance, such outrages upon the fundamental American rights of freedom of speech and religious liberty as the Roman Hierarchy is now forced, by these vindicative actions, to answer publicly before the tribunals of law and of public opinion.

As the hosts of readers of The Golden Age well know through its columns (though not a word of the presumptuous outrage appears either as news or as alarmed protest in the great “free press” of America) the Roman Hierarchy of Philadelphia played a sinister “All Fools” trick last April 1, on the Watch Tower and Judge Rutherford—and on American liberties— when by threats of boycott and through fear it bulldozed Radio Broadcasting Station WIP and its owners, Gimbel Brothers, of Philadelphia, into the cancellation of its ten-year-old broadcasting arrangement for the fearless addresses of Judge Rutherford on Bible truths and the curiosity known as “Catholic truth”. The underlying facts are so fully stated in the pleadings herewith published that I avoid repetition of facts, and simply point out some of the far-reaching legal aspects of the two celebrated causes.

Both cases—each for $100,000.00 actual and punitive damages—arise out of the same conspiracy and wrongful acts of the four Hierarchical defendants; but each involves a distinct “cause of action” and distinct principles of law. The action of Judge Rutherford is for libel, or false and defamatory statements in writing, as appear in the photostat facsimile of “Our Lady’s” priest Clarke set out in the pleadings; it is brought in the Federal court by reason of “diversity of citizenship” between the plaintiff and the several defendants. The Watch Tower Society, being a Pennsylvania corporation, must bring suit in the State court, “in trespass” for the malicious interference with its broadcasting agreement with Station WIP and causing the same to be broken and discontinued, which also constitutes a violation of Federal law as set up in its second cause of action, as well as a crime under the Revised Statutes of the United States, Section 5508, carrying a penalty of fine of $5,000 and imprisonment up to ten years. But what hope of an indictment of a Roman “cardinal” by a Romanist district attorney!

The reverend Roman violators of American liberties, in their holy zeal of oppression and suppression, probably did not expect an unterrified American citizen to rise and strike back; evidently they did not contemplate the legal possibilities involved. The libel in Judge Rutherford’s action accuses, that he “attacks the Catholic Church, misrepresents her teachings, and foments religious hatred and bigotry”, oblivious, as the pleadings point out, of the hatred and bigotry of their own attempt to throttle free speech and religious opinions distasteful to their holy selves.

The charge “attacks the Catholic Church” by word is preposterous in view of the Catholic Church’s own record of fire and rack and sword attacks on every Protestant and dissident church; it can easily be laughed and shamed out of court, along with its pitiable plea of “foments religious hatred and bigotry”, which is the “Church’s” own specialty, invented and monopolized by itself. But its other curious accusal, “misrepresents her teachings,” is likely to prove a major embarrassment to “Holy Church” when it comes to the proofs in court.

In law, the only effective defense in libel is “justification”—not “by faith”, but by legal proofs of the truth of otherwise libelous charges. His Eminence and associates, therefore, to escape payment of damages, must specify just what “teachings” of “Holy Church” Judge Rutherford, they say, falsely “misrepresents”; and they must show the court and jury just where, in the Bible itself, those ‘Churchly’ “teachings” find their solid support in the unperverted texts of the Bible. Thus Bible truth, as expounded by Judge Rutherford, will have its day in court, and its vindication as against “Catholic truth” as purveyed by the “Church”. And that day in court promises to be a notable day on its calendar.

The other action, that of the Watch Tower Society, for the malicious tampering with its contract rights, and by threats of boycott and of “further and more drastic action”, as threatened by His Eminence himself, involves the most fundamental and sacred civic liberties of American citizens: the rights of free speech and of conscience, of religious belief and opinion. Throughout America, by threats and menaces, by boycotts, censorship, and manifold tyrannous manifestations of “Catholic Action”, the non-Catholic citizenry is subjected to a sinister and persistent campaign of terrorism by the Roman Catholic minority oligarchy in its efforts to “Make America Catholic”, or at all hazards to make it through economic fear supine and subservient before the ruthless march of Romanism towards rule and ruin in our America.

by Judge Rutherford

THE scripture at Romans 13 reads: “Let every soul be subject unto the higher powers. For there is no power but of God: the powers that be are ordained of God.” Who constitute the “higher powers” here mentioned? Many hold that the officers of the nations or state are the higher powers. Reason alone shows that such claim is not true. The powers in the various nations are at conflict, and all contrary to God. In Russia God and the Bible are completely ignored. In Germany the true followers of Christ Jesus are cruelly persecuted and thrown into prison because they even meet together to study God’s Word. Surely God did not ordain such powers.

The foregoing text is addressed exclusively to those who have agreed to follow the Lord Jesus Christ. The text is preceded by these words, to wit: To those “beloved of God, called to be saints”. This proves that the text has no reference to worldly governing powers, or officers, but that it is limited to God’s organization. Who, then, are the higher powers of God’s organization? That answer given in the Scriptures is this, to wit: Jehovah God is the supreme power; Christ Jesus the Son of God is His chief officer, to whom God has committed all power ami authority to execute Jehovah’s purposes. It is written (Psalm 62:11) : “Power belongeth unto God.” At Matthew 28:18, Jesus said: “All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth.” At John 5, ‘God hath committed unto Jesus all power and authority to execute His judgment.’ The apostles were the first true followers of Christ Jesus on earth, and Jesus sent them forth as His representatives and endowed them with certain specific powers above other men. The apostles, therefore, were by the Lord made visible rulers in the church and constituted a power higher than the others. For that reason the apostle wrote to the church, at Hebrews 13:17: ‘Obey them that have the rule over you; for they watch for your souls as they that must give account.’

Everything with Jehovah God is orderly, and He commands those who enter His organization to be orderly and therefore subject to His laws or rules. Anyone who opposes the rules of God’s organization as laid down in the Scriptures is an opponent of God. As further proof that “the higher powers” does not refer to earthly governors, it is written, at Romans 13:3,4, concerning Christ Jesus, the head of the church, and the apostles, to whom specific power was granted : “Rulers are not a terror to good works, but to the evil.” Many of the rulers of nations of earth are a terror to good works. It is certain that God would not ordain some with power to persecute His people and defame His name. The rulers mentioned by the apostle are the ones upon whom Jehovah has laid the obligation to perform duties in His organization. Then the scripture text adds: ‘For he is the minister of God. He beareth not the sword in vain.” Without a doubt this part of the text applies to the Lord Jesus Christ, to whom God has committed power and authority. That Jesus Christ is the one whom God sends forth to execute His judgment it is written (Psalm 45:3,7): “Gird thy sword upon thy thigh, 0 most Mighty, with thy glory and thy majesty. Thou lovest righteousness, and hatest wickedness: therefore God, thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows.”

It is wholly inconsistent to say that the higher powers are those men of the world who hold the offices. The Devil has seized upon this scripture and caused men to misapply it in order to compel men to be subject to all manner of wicked rules and thus cause them to be unfaithful to God. When you get the right view of this text you see that the supreme power is Jehovah and that Jehovah and Christ Jesus are the higher powers and that every person who remains faithful to God must willingly be obedient to such higher powers. Moses was an important man in God’s typical organization and Moses was a type foreshadowing Christ Jesus, concerning whom'it is written, in Acts 3:22,23, that every one who would live must be obedient to this Greater Moses, the Lord Jesus Christ.

All these Scripture texts prove that those who have become a part of God’s organization by

fully agreeing to do the will of God must then, in order to be faithful, be obedient to God at all times. Does that mean that a Christian is disloyal to the country in which he lives and can violate the laws of that country with impunity? No, it means nothing of the kind. The question as to the meaning of loyalty will be considered on another occasion.

[The foregoing is No. 50 in a series of “five-minute talks” by Judge Rutherford which have met with much appreciation. The series has been reproduced for the phonograph, and the records are being used (with the ordinary type of machine) for the purpose of bringing vital Bible truths- to the attention of friends, neighbors and others. The records are made by the Watch Tower Bible & Tract Society, Brooklyn, N.Y. Any inquiries concerning them should be addressed to the Society rather than to The Golden Age.]

Jehovah’s witnesses

Wanted the Lord to Have It All

(An interesting letter to Judge Rutherford)

-------, N. J., June 14, 1936. Dear Brother Rutherford:

For Jehovah and for Gideon.

A short time ago some true Christians and I were arrested in the good town of Orange, N. J., while preaching about the rich blessings Jehovah God has in store for His children. We were sentenced immediately to the Essex County Penitentiary, at Caldwell, N. J., to hard labor.

Please find enclosed an enormous check for sixty-three cents (63c), which I received in payment for a couple of weeks' work. I am donating this check to be used for the radio, whereby the hypocritical crowd may be exposed from beneath their refuge, a mountain of lies, as stated in Isaiah 28:15.

By the Lord’s grace may we continue singing of His power and strength.

Your brother in Jehovah’s chariot, Nicholas Kovalak, Jr.

Jehovah’s Slanderers vs. Jehovah’s witnesses

(Continued from page 755)

violent in their denunciation. Said one, ‘‘You ought to be arrested for circulating such a thing.”

Some so-called ‘‘Protestants” had more fear of the Hierarchy than the Catholics. They grew pale and hastily closed the interview.

Returning to the editorial first mentioned: It would seem that the indignation among Catholics was not quite as general as the Hierarchy would have the people believe.

But what about Jehovah’s slanderers? The editorial does not make it clear who are referred to by this statement. Since, however, a slanderer is one who utters falsehoods concerning another, and since the Roman Hierarchy unquestionably teaches doctrines that charge Jehovah with tormenting His creatures after death, and that they may be relieved by prayers and offerings, it must be that they are the ones indicated.

And now, a petition is being circulated which calls upon the Roman Hierarchy to appoint some representative to debate with Judge Rutherford the question as to whether the Hierarchy and its teachings have been misrepresented by him in his broadcasts. Judge Rutherford is willing to place the matter before the people by broadcasting such a debate over a hookup of radio stations. It is doubtless true that Judge Rutherford has in effect stated that the Hierarchy has slandered Jehovah’s fair name. But he is willing to give them an opportunity to meet him in open debate and to present their defense —if any.

It is really a case of Jehovah’s witnesses vs. Jehovah’s slanderers. The editorial mentioned has very little point to it, but it does, apparently, suggest a name for those who have been misrepresenting the great God whose Word declares that He is love.

Uneasy Lies King Boris’ Head

King Boris, of Bulgaria, has everything that heart could wish, but his food is cooked by detectives and is brought to him by detectives. Behind the curtains of the state ballroom are machine guns like those which Flynn had behind Judge Rutherford when the latter spoke at Plainfield. A parrot kept repeating “Kill the king”, and an investigation disclosed that army officers had made up a list of forty people they intended to bump off. The king’s name was at the head of the list. The parrot saved his life.

THE Philadelphia Catholic Standard -and Times of May 15, 1936, contained an editorial headed “Jehovah’s Slanderers”. It starts off with a paragraph stating:

A wave of indignation on the part of the Catholic people of Philadelphia and vicinity was provoked by the widespread dissemination of an advertising flyer by the “Jehovah’s Witnesses.’’ The flyer reproduced certain letters of protest sent to Station WIP. The protest was against allowing broadcasting facilities for the “Watch Tower Program’’ on the score that this broadcast “attacks the Catholic Church, misrepresents her teachings and foments religious hatred and bigotry.’’

Just why the Catholic people of Philadelphia should object to the reproduction for the benefit of the public of letters of protest which their religious leaders had written to intimidate station WIP is not quite clear. Or that all the Catholic people, or even most of them, were indignant is not quite certain. Information coming to this office, for instance, indicates that quite a goodly percentage of Philadelphia Catholics are definitely in favor of fair play, and that was all the “circular” mentioned, and all the accompanying petition asked for. See The Golden Age No. 439, pages 648-650.

One of those circulating the petition, relating some of his experiences in so doing, mentions the following:

Elderly woman: “I am a Catholic. I do not subscribe to all Judge Rutherford says, but I’ve signed two petitions for him and I’ll sign this one, too. He has as much right to talk as anyone else.”

At one house, two men (one a visitor) said, “We'll sign this; there is nothing wrong with what Judge Rutherford says. I heard him and I know. He can’t make the world any worse than those other guys who are trying to run it. We are Catholics, too.”

Another man first read the card introducing the petition and asked, “Who is the judge?” Upon being told, “Judge Rutherford,” he immediately signed, saying, “My mother is one of Jehovah’s witnesses, and I am a Catholic.”

The few individual Protestants who have not “died” sign the petition gladly—with joy. One woman, who adored her minister, signed because, while she only disliked Jehovah’s witnesses, she hated the Roman Catholic Hierarchy. Protestants are very careful to first ascertain that it isn’t for Coughlin.

The majority of signers put down their “John Henry ’ ’ when they found out it was to put Judge Rutherford back on WIP —all the while deploring the rampant bigotry of the Roman Hierarchy.

Of the Catholic signers, the majority had an honest desire to hear a debate along the lines specified in the petition.

A woman refused to sign. The ‘ petitioner ’ gave her the Golden Age issue containing the first of the series of articles on “Philistia—Catholic Action”. She saw the cartoon, ‘War and the Hierarchy’, on the first page (See G. A. No. 436.) and called the worker back, saying, “I think I will sign this petition. I saw something in this magazine I don’t like.”

One man refused to sign because he didn’t want to hear any “priestly rubbish” [his words] over the radio. An explanation cleared up the matter, and he signed.

An elderly lady refused to sign at first because Jehovah’s witnesses do not salute flags. Receiving an explanation giving the reason, she signed immediately.

One man refused to sign because he had no interest in either party; said he believed in freedom of speech and conscience. When asked if freedom of speech and conscience was not the willingness to accord to others their rights regardless of personal indifference, he backed down.

One Catholic sat on her porch and suffered agonies as she saw her Catholic neighbors sign the petition, one right after another.

The petition stung the bigots to fury. They were (Continued on page 754)

Mexico

“Pascola” Dance Forbidden in Sonora

EFERRING to the reasons for exiling of

Roman Catholic priests from the state of Sonora, Mexico, the Washington (D.C.) Evening Star says (of' the poor Yaquis that have been kept in ignorance for four hundred years): “The plaster statue of their patron saint has been destroyed. The ancient cathedral in which they had worshiped his image as long as the old men could remember was closed to them, turned into a political meeting place, the priests in exile. The Yaqui were forbidden their pagan ‘Pascola’ dance about a rag-doll ‘Christ’ and a straw 'Judas’. The image of the saint was cremated in Hermosillo, the state’s capital, when the state took over the church and exiled the priests for teaching alleged superstitious doctrines to the peons and Indians.”

The Oakland (Calif.) Call and Bulletin has the same Associated Press dispatch as the Washington Evening Star, above quoted, but gives additional reasons for the action taken by the state. Concerning the poor Yaquis it says that they were “all confident that if they could lay finger on the plaster saint they would be made whole. Stories of miracles are many among the Indians and peons. Jewels, bars of silver and gold, and coins have poured into an iron box beside the image on the fiesta day”. What was done with all the money was not mentioned in the dispatch.

No Longer After Daniels' Scalp

OR reasons of their own the Roman Hierarchy are no longer after the scalp of Josephus Daniels, United States minister to Mexico. Heretofore they denounced him on every occasion as unduly favoring the present Mexican regime; now they are careful to avoid saying anything reflecting upon him, and one of their spokesmen, Dr. Joseph F. Thorning, of Georgetown University, in a debate in the University of Virginia, praised Ambassador Daniels as a “fair-minded liberal gentleman without an atom of prejudice”.

“Swords into Plowshares”

K. of C. Ebullitions Mere Propaganda

IT SEEMS to have been all fixed up between the White House and the Roman Hierarchy that the Knights of Columbus should pretend to be awfully excited because the United States does not inject its proboscis into Mexico’s internal affairs, and then, for the effect on the so-called “Protestants”, the president should seem awfully stubborn about not doing as the Knights wish him to do. And now comes a letter from Archbishop John T. McNicholas, of the archdiocese of Cincinnati, in which he said to his flock: “We wish our priests and people to understand unmistakably that the Knights of Columbus in no sense speak for the priesthood or for the Catholic laity of the archeliocese of Cincinnati on the persecution of religion in Mexico, or on any other subject having religious implications, unless they have a commission from us.” John seems to have concluded that the American people have had about enough of the Mexico bunk for now and that it is just as well to give the K. of C. a kick in the trousers and tell them to pipe down.

Reducing Cemetery Grafts

EDUCING cemetery grafts, the State of Sonora, Mexico, has issued an order stipulating that no more candles may be burned over graves on the “Day of the Dead”, no wreaths may be placed, and no sales of religious objects held in cemeteries.

Mexican Religious Strife Artificial

THE Mexican newspaper El Dia, after a nine-year silence on the Mexican state-church question, declares that the religious problem does not really exist, but was invented as a basis for creating difficulties and disorders.

Sentenced After Six Years’ Delay

FTER six years’ delay, “Reverend Father”

Jose Jimenez Palacios, Roman Catholic priest, has been given twenty years’ imprisonment for complicity in the assassination of Mexico’s president General Alvaro Obregon, in 1928.

Free Telegraph Messages in Mexico

MEXICO has the novel system that between noon and one o’clock of any day any citizen > may send the president of the country a twenty-। word complaint or recommendation absolutely free of charge.

Britain

Extracts from Mark Twain

<< A NY kind of royalty, howsoever modified,

■^■any kind of aristocracy, howsoever primed, is rightly an insult; but if you are born and brought up under that sort of arrangement you probably never find it out for yourself, and don’t believe it when somebody tells you. It is enough to make a person ashamed of his race to think of the sort of froth that has always occupied its thrones without shadow of right or reason, and the seventh-rate people that have always figured as its aristocracies—a company of monarchs and nobles who, as a rule, would have achieved only poverty and obscurity, if left, like their betters, to their own exertions.”

“The truth was, the nation as a body was in the world for one object: to grovel before king and church and noble; to slave for them, sweat blood for them, starve that they might be fed, work that they might play, drink misery to the dregs that they might be happy, go naked that they might wear silk and jewels, pay taxes that they might be spared from paying them, be familiar all their lives with the degrading language and postures of adulation that they might walk in pride and think themselves the gods of this world. And for all this, the thanks they got were cuffs and contempt, and so poor-spirited were they that they took even this sort of attention as an honor.”—“The Connecticut Yankee at King Arthur’s Court.”

Stating It as a Diplomat

THE American people are sore at the British for repudiating their debt at a time when 10,000,000 people in the United States are out of work; but the way a diplomat expresses this fact, known to every American, was shown when the American ambassador to London (R. W. Bingham) said: “If the British and American peoples would only grasp the present opportunity for a lasting understanding and initiate a technique of close diplomatic co-operation, the world would be relieved of its panics and live in security. Every major diplomatic problem would solve itself.”

Protestantism on Its Deathbed in Britain

AT A meeting of the Catholic Missionary Society in London the statements were freely made that “the land is ripe for conquest; there never has been since the Reformation a chance such as is ours today—Protestantism on its deathbed”.

“horn” Blowing 300 Years Ago

THE British postal service was inaugurated 300 years ago, and at first handled 26,000 letters a week; now the same service handles 20,000,000 letters a day. The rules required the postman, 300 years ago, to get a speed of seven miles an hour out of his nags in summer and five in w’inter. He was obliged to toot his “horn” every quarter of a mile to let the people know he was coming; and if he met anybody he tooted extra, for good measure.

British Postal Service 300 Years Old

THE British postal service was 300 years old on July 31. The king of England in commemoration sent a telegram of congratulation to everybody in the postal service. Of course the dispatch was addressed to the postmaster general, but he sent copies of it all over the realm, and it was a nice thing to do. In Britain the telegraph service is handled by the Post Office, as it logically should be everywhere.

Rayon Suits for Men

REPORTS from British textile centers are that next year rayon suits for men will be on sale everywhere, that they will look like a soft light flannel, and will be available in all ordinary suiting designs, at a price around $5 a suit less than now charged for a good lightweight suit. Wait till they get to making ramie suits for men, and then, if the stories told are true, the suits will last for a generation.

Human Creatures in Britain

THE Children’s Neicspaper, London, tells of having seen three signs that warmed the heart. One was “Trespassers Invited”, a second was “Children may pick any of the flowers in this field”, and the third was a faucet by a wall, down a lane leading to the seashore; it said, “For washing: please be as quiet as possible.” Won’t it be great when they have human creatures like that all over the world?

King George a Clock Collector

THE late King George, of England, was a clock collector, having 390 in his two palaces. The cost of one of these is known to have been $5,000. Among the curious clocks in the collection is one in form of a Negro woman’s head in which the eyes are the dials, hours being shown in one eye and minutes in the other.

Brush and Canvas Medium

LONDON has a brush and canvas spirit medium who paints pictures of people and events she has never seen and of which she has no knowledge. She never reads a book and has never been to a movie. She says that each time before the painting frenzy comes on she says a prayer. She does not know, of course, that these prayers go to the devils that are bossing the job. In some of her canvases, which cost $35 apiece before she does any work on them, she has as many as 500 figures. On the day her brother died abroad she painted his so-called “spirit” head above his empty chair, but did not know at the time why she was doing it.

Europe Will Never Understand

EUROPE will never understand how the dividends of the Standard Oil could be $339,-171,211 in two years and yet not everybody in the U.S. be a Shylock, rolling in wealth. Europe will never comprehend that one in seven in the United States is today on relief—public charity —nor will they ever sense the bitterness of the common people that the money, their money, not Standard Oil’s, that they loaned under duress, but in all good faith, will never be returned, but was used to rearm instead, by those faithless governments that are now about to be destroyed at the hands of Jehovah God.

Chain Letter Scheme Fails in Britain

THE chain letter which made fools of so many in so short a time in the United States was a complete failure in Britain. One man, whose name headed the list, said that he received not more than thirty six-pences, instead of the theoretical number of 15,625 which he was supposed to receive. The hardheaded British simply tossed the letters into the waste basket, because they could see in advance the impossibility of the whole preposterous scheme.

In British Labor Camps

TN British labor camps there is not the least ■T hint of militarism. After their day’s work is done the men may go where they please and do what they please, if back in camp at 10:30. Volunteers must stay three months unless they find jobs in the meantime. For a 44-hour week planting trees, ditching, making fences, picking potatoes or hoeing sugar beets they receive board, boots, trousers, shirt, and four shillings.

Britain Pressing Hard for Volunteers

BRITAIN is pressing hard for volunteers to fill up the army, but finds the young men unresponsive. She wants 30,000 recruits for the year, but averages only 400 a week, the best she can do. The clergy are gradually coming over to the aid of the government, as they have always done in the past. It is claimed that of 20,000 of the Anglican clergy only 100 now renounce war; of the 2,000 Baptists only 200 are standing; of the 2,000 Congregationals about 350 are pacifists; of the 3,000 Methodists, 691.

What "We” Can Do

DESPITE all evidence to the contrary, stretching over 6,000 years of human history, George Lansbury, who gets $25,000 a year for being a British statesman, writes hopefully:

U’e must do for the world what has been done in America. How long before we realize we can give all our children the Grand Tour round the world, if we would but build pleasure ships instead of battleships ? How long before we break down all the barriers of race and creed and unite them in the bonds of true fraternity ?

Edward Vil Died a Catholic (?)

IN THE New York Catholic News Reverend James Martin Gillis, prolific Catholic writer, makes the assertion that he knows that Edward VII of England died a Catholic; that he has direct, authentic, inside information which he could not obtain permission to publish. The British royal family denies that there is a word of truth in Gillis’ statement.

Gradually Becoming Civilized

IN THE last twenty-five years the punishments of the crank and treadmill have been abolished from British prisons. The prison population was 186,398 in 1910, but was reduced to 56,425 in 1934. In that time 30 of the 56 prisons were closed. There is less anxiety to slap everybody into jail than formerly. New Jersey, U.S.A., remains one of the most benighted bailiwicks on the face of the earth.

Church Attendance in Britain

IN THE country districts of England 25 percent of the people attend church; in London, 10 percent. Of the children attending Sunday school only 25 percent come from homes that have a Bible in the house.

Coming In by the Roof

OS. Rosselli, pioneer in the Canary islands, • says, interestingly:

These islands are of volcanic formation, and in a few ridges there are small natural caves in which country folks can live. The rock is of such formation that a one-room “house” can be dug out without great effort. In working such sections one often approaches the home via the roof direction. One afternoon, almost before I realized it, I found myself on the edge of a roof, and just below me sat the womenfolks sewing at the doorway. I read off the card to them. They said, “Come down that way.” I climbed down, they took a booklet, I climbed up the rough steps carved in the rock and was off again over the roof. In such sections one often has to exchange a booklet for an egg, a piece of cheese, or some dried figs. I often find myself eating dried figs out of one pocket and nibbling at a hunk of goat 's cheese out of the other, while hurrying up and down the zigzag trails. But, oh the blessedness to spend and be spent as a soldier of the King of kings!

Grabbing the Films in Spain

THOSE who are awake to the purposes and acts of the Roman Hierarchy to seize control of the whole earth will be interested to know that a fight for control of films was waged by the Hierarchy in Spain the same as in the United States. In Spain the newspaper La Tierra saw through the whole scheme and announced the Catholic campaign for so-called “cleaner films” was not designed to help boys and girls to a better life, but was part of a plan to create a Catholic film monopoly.

Petty Fines in Madrid

PDL1CE may levy petty fines for minor offenses in Madrid. It costs 3c to jaywalk across the street between crossings; 12c to drive without lights or on the wrong side of the road; 12c to ride a bicycle on the sidewalk; 60c to throw dirty water into the street, or light fires in the street; and $1.25 to be drunk and sing political songs or exhibit offensive posters.

Airplane Robbery of Pamplona Cathedral

THE three airplane robbers that robbed the Pamplona (Spain) cathedral of jewels worth $412,500 managed to get back over the Pyrenees with their loot without being caught. The only lesson seems to be that if you are in the cathedral business in these days it is not just prudent to have a half million dollars lying around in jewels, merely to show off. Better use imitations.

Interesting Swiss Items

SWITZERLAND may bore a new highway tunnel to Italy under Mont Blanc, thus bringing Geneva into the main road between France and Italy. The Swiss Government has arrested and charged with treason two Italian Swiss citizens agitating for union of the Italianspeaking part of Switzerland with Italy. It has forbidden a Congress to be held on its soil which had for its objective prevention of war between Italy and Ethiopia. The Swiss seem to think that if one lives next door to a thief one would better lock the door at night.

Sealed in Glass Jar Thirty Days

AT Geneva Gentil Cadranel, a Brazilian, permitted himself to be sealed in a glass jar, without food or drink, for thirty days. A thousand people, including several doctors, two nurses and a lawyer, were present at the unsealing. After massage of his limbs he was given a spoonful of black coffee, and was soon all right. He says he was thirsty the first day, then hungry for some time, and finally settled down quite comfortably.

At the Zionist Congress in Lucerne

AT THE Zionist Congress in Lucerne, Switzerland, David Ben-Gurion, Palestine labor leader, pleaded that Palestine is now ready to receive and care for one million Jewish families, that conditions in Germany are like those of the Inquisition, and that the only thing that prevents the Jewish people from returning to their natural and only home is the British Government’s artificial restrictions on Palestinian immigration.

Motor Accidents in Switzerland

OBSERVING that a large proportion of motor accidents are due to the use of alcohol even in moderate doses, the police department of St. Gall, Switzerland, has announced that the driving license will be withdrawn from anyone found to be under the influence of liquor while in charge of a motor vehicle.

Swiss Ban German Newspapers

TN RETALIATION for banning Swiss newspapers in Germany, the Swiss banned the sale of all German papers in Switzerland and suppressed the Nazi organ published in Zurich. The Nazi crowd seems to have a well-nigh infinite capacity to get itself hated and despised.

“Wonderful” Scientists in Greece

IT HAVING been discovered that in Marathon,

Greece, there has never been a cancer, and it being a Marathon custom to stuff sausage in sheep entrails, the “wise ones” of the medical world jump to the conclusion that the cure for cancer is sheep entrails. Probably, if the truth be known, Marathon has never had a case of cancer because there are no aluminum cooking utensils to be had in the town. Wait till the most enterprising sales system in the world gets around to it and you will see plenty of cancer in Marathon, sheep entrails or no sheep entrails.

“Round and Round and Round”

GREECE received back her king, but could not very well help it. The dictator, Kon-dylis, who overthrew the republican form of government, had the people vote blue ballots for the king and red for the republic. After the elections the rejected red ballots littered the floors of the polls. Many republicans refused to vote at all, seeing that it was useless to do so. However, the king, on regaining his power, dumped Kondylis, and granted a general amnesty; so the people were content, for a time. The queen, however, has had enough of royalty; she is running a farm in Rumania. At last accounts, a new dictator was on the job in Greece.

Turned Their Guns on the Greek People

THE Greek Republic was destroyed by the military leader Field Marshal George Kondylis. George forced the premier to resign, cabled the king to return, compelled Parliament to approve everything he had done, called a general election and threatened to shoot anybody that interfered with the program at any stage.

Greeks Miss Their Thirteen Days

ON A summer day in 1935 a huge crowd gathered in the square of the Greek archbishop in Athens, fell on their knees and prayed for the restoration of the Julian calendar of the Devil so that they could have back the thirteen days that they lost when the country switched over to the Gregorian calendar of the Devil recently.

Greece Applies Sanctions Against Italy

ITALIAN steamers with tangerines and sponges from Italy or Italian waters were denied permission to land at the port of Athens, and were refused fuel even for their own use.

Attaboy Kemal

IN THE midst of the excitement of choosing family names for everybody, the Grand National Assembly of Turkey has voted that the family name of Kemal Pasha shall be Ataturk, which means Chief Turk. Kemal’s government has issued a decree forbidding all persons in the religious business to wear their religious clothes except when going through their religious monkeyshines. Family names in Western countries are about 900 years old.

An Unwitting Description of God’s Kingdom

Kemal Ataturk unwittingly described God’s kingdom when he said: “If there is to be any enduring peace international measures must be taken to improve the condition of the masses. Prosperity for the entire body of humanity must take the place of hunger and oppression. The citizens of the world must be educated away from jealousy and greed and hate.”

The World’s Longest OU Transport Line

THE world’s longest oil transport line, from the Mosul oil fields of northern Iraq to the ports of Haifa and Tripoli, on the Mediterranean, has a capacity of 85,000 barrels of petroleum per day. The oil started to flow on January 14, 1935. The line starts from about the traditional site of the garden of Eden, which is now arid, but which, by the construction of irrigation lines, it is anticipated, will be again productive by 1938.

Curious Lightning Phenomenon

A CURIOUS lightning phenomenon occurred in Turkey. During a midnight thunderstorm a ball of fire moved around a kitchen, burning whatever it touched, meantime filling the kitchen with a brilliant light. Eggs in its path were cooked. After a few brief and rapid excursions around the kitchen the ball burned its way through the dining-room door and, its force spent, died out.

Turkey Changes Day of Rest

FOR business reasons Turkey has changed the day of rest from Friday to Sunday. No doubt the Seventh-Day Adventists will make a great ado about this, but it is of no great significance. Jehovah God is not interested in the least as to what day the heathens of Turkey or other countries take their rest.

Sera Alexander of Brasov

IN THE year 1894 a wealthy young man, Sera

Alexander, of Brasov, Rumania, desiring to gain possession of his mother’s fortune, laid violent hands upon her, imprisoned her in the cellar, and kept her there for forty years. During her imprisonment she was given a loaf of bread and a jug of water daily. Workmen in the house located her and notified the police. In 1894 the young man circulated the story that his mother had gone abroad; later that she had died abroad and left him the property. The only thing that will match that for meanness is the eternal torment theory, invented by the Devil to dishonor the name of Almighty God, and perpetuated by the clergy for the money there has been in it. If Alexander has not taken up the clergy business he should look into it, for it is right in his line. His course was as absolutely cruel and vile as that of a man who will accept money to bribe the Devil to let people out of a “purgatory” that exists only in the imagination of the grafters.

Nazism Spreading Rapidly in Rumania

NAZISM, which is illegal in Rumania, is spreading rapidly in that country. German money and German organizers are working with German efficiency, and at a recent Nazi demonstration 20,000 peasants participated. Stormtroop groups are being openly organized, and, though Nazi uniforms are prohibited, the youths parade the streets with Nazi banners and emblems, and clashes with the Rumanian gendarmes have occurred.

The Tax Collector of Lapusan

THE tax collector of Lapusan, Rumania, unable to seize anything worth while, cut off the hair of a peasant’s wife, locally famous for its length and beauty. Now he faces a lawsuit. American people have seen nothing of taxation yet, but seem to be well on the way of seeing plenty of it before many months shall have passed. Somebody must pay, and the rich won’t.

Anti-Semites Routed in Rumania

IT IS interesting to note that though the Jews have often suffered terribly from persecutions in Rumania, yet at just the time, recently, when they were undergoing such mistreatment at the hands of the Nazis in Germany, the authorities in Rumania suppressed anti-Semitic uprisings with a strong hand.

The Murder of Witkowski

Franciszek Witkowski, a laborer working on a highway near Wsola, district Radomsko, Poland, went to a near-by parish house for a drink of water. Leaving the yard he plucked a carnation and a pod of beans from the garden lot. The Catholic priest happened to see it, sprang out of the house with a revolver, and, without saying a word, fired four shots at the laborer, killing him. This crime of the priest stirred great indignation in the neighborhood, which became the greater when the local chief of police refused at first to take any action in the matter. (From the German Golden Age.)

Imprisoned for Insulting Hitler

Abraham Holberstadt, Polish businessman, offered business in Hamburg, Germany, returned the offer, writing on the edge of the letter: “So long as Hitler and his clique reign in Germany no business person will have any dealings with Germans.” For this offense he was given eight months in prison in his own country, Poland. Hitler is a Catholic, and Poland is a Catholic country. The Jews were greatly embittered by this Catholic stunt.

In the Free City of Danzig

IN THE free city of Danzig a corpulent Jewish inn-keeper rose one morning to find inscriptions written on his inn windows at night, “Away with the fat swine.” To the immense amusement of the fair-minded he let the signs remain and placed beneath them pictures of General Goering, one of the Nazi grandiosos at least partly responsible for the outrage committed.

Military Conscription in Poland

THE only persons exempted from military conscription in Poland under the new rules are clergymen, judges, members of parliament, cripples and men under 17 or over 60. Any attempt of others to avoid service is punishable by three months’ imprisonment and a fine of $500. Women between 19 and 45 are also drafted.

First Polish Liner Completed

THE first Polish liner, built at Trieste, Italy, has been completed and a regular Polish-American line has been inaugurated between New York and Poland’s new port, Gdynia, next door to Danzig. On its initial trip to New York it made a record.

Eastern Europe

Seeking to Escape from Bulgaria

TAKING advantage of a thick fog, a number of peasants sought to make their escape, with their wives, and their sheep and cattle, from Bulgaria to Greece. Perhaps the lowing of the cattle aroused the border patrols, but, at any rate, they came upon the caravan, a fight ensued, and five of the peasants were slain and all the would-be emigrants were brought back to Bulgaria. Seems like a small offense, desiring to leave one land for another, and makes one wonder at the minds which could frame laws that would justify the taking of human life because one wanted to go elsewhere. If the Chaldeans had had such an infamous law, how would Abraham ever have obeyed the divine law and gotten out alive? The law is unjust and unscriptural, on the face of it.

The Old Gentleman Was Too Talkative

fVTEAR the Bulgarian village of Uskorevo an -*■ ’ old gentleman had a dream that at a certain place he would find a pot of gold. He got his son and two friends to go along, and, sure enough, they dug up the coins. Then they fell to quarreling as to how much each should have. The villagers took up the cudgels, the government heard of it, and they sent and took all the gold. The result was that the old gentleman got nothing at all. The demons who told him where to find the gold did nothing to help him use it to good purpose.

Air Train Record in Russia

THE previous air train record was held in Russia, where, a year ago, a plane and glider flew 607 miles; this year also Russia has the record, the length of the flight this time being 837 miles. The plane was refueled by rubber tubes from gasoline tanks in the wings of the glider and was in the air ten hours. Still more recently, women flew a train consisting of a plane and three gliders an even greater distance, 1,170 miles.

Stalin Thinks Roosevelt Will Fail

AT AN interview in Moscow M. Stalin said of President Roosevelt that of all the leaders in the present capitalist world he is the most powerful figure, “but as soon as he undertakes anything that seriously threatens the foundations of capitalism, he will suffer utter defeat.” This was said to the famous novelist, H. G. Wells.

Anti-Jewish Intolerance

ANTI-JEWISH intolerance is spreading all along the 1200-mile boundary line between Germany and Poland and is extending into Poland because there are large numbers of Germans working and living in Poland, and they help to incite the people against the Jews. In Germany, in some districts, including Magdeburg, Jews are not allowed to ride on the street cars. In Gladbek they have been forbidden to trade in the public markets. The death penalty has been urged for Jews guilty of intimacy with Aryan women.

Riots Against Jews at Warsaw University

THE Jews continue to have a hard time in Poland. At Warsaw ten Jewish students were beaten, and two of them seriously injured, in the unprovoked attack made with knives, razors and iron bars. In one place in Poland a thirteen-year-old boy was killed in similar attacks. Four students were given prison terms for the assaults, which are a usual fall feature of student life in Poland. As a result of the feeling aroused by these assaults Jewish tradesmen in one Polish town were near starvation because they did not dare call on their customers.

To Avoid Building New Prisons

TO AVOID building new prisons Poland granted amnesty to 27,000 prisoners, and will make efforts to see that they get work. A step toward justice was also taken in a court decision putting in prison for 5j years four men who in anti-Jewish riots in Warsaw murdered a poor Hebrew.

Warning of Wild Dogs in New Jersey

THE authorities in Shrewsbury, N. J., have warned farmers not to let their children out alone after dark, as wild dogs are ranging the neighborhood and have attacked a child. The vicious habit of keeping bad dogs, and of keeping too many dogs, and of abandoning dogs in hard times, has begun to bear its natural fruit. Packs of wild dogs have made their appearance and in a brief time destroyed chickens and other property of the value of $450. It seems that here is a job to which the police could give attention, in a state where they have so little to do that a major part of their efforts is devoted to locking up Christian men and women, Jehovah’s witnesses, for preaching God’s kingdom.

Miscellany

The Happiest Married Couple

Ilyia Dyankoff, 114, of Pleven, Bulgaria, and his wife Maria, 109, have been married 82 years and claim to be the happiest and the oldest married couple in the world. They have lived in the same house for 63 years and have never been out of their native village. They sleep ten hours a night, eat garlic, fish, cheese, lentils, nettles, cabbage and potatoes and drink goat’s milk. They know nothing of radios, telephones, automobiles or airplanes. They claim to believe in God. They claim to be as deeply in love with each other as when they first set up housekeeping, in 1854.

Idiotic “Holy Ground” Superstition

IN Bulgaria the idiotic “holy ground” superstition went so far that in the case of a poor man his burial was often delayed for weeks until the relatives could scrape enough together to satisfy the rapacious clergy. Now the Government has put all the grafting priests on the Government pay roll and has forbidden them, under penalty of the law, from accepting any additional compensation for alleged “services” of any kind which they may render. The next natural and reasonable steps would be to get work for all of them out on a farm somewhere and take them off the pay roll.

The Clock Tower of Berne

ONE of the most interesting sights at Berne, Switzerland, is the clock built in the fifteenth century which still stands in the center of the city. Each time the hour strikes a troop of little bears goes around in a circle and a cock crows three times before and once after the chiming. A wooden manikin rings two little bells when the hour is about to strike. Another manikin opens its mouth and smites with a stick each stroke of the hour. The hours themselves are struck on bells, with a hammer, by a figure of the gentleman who was the founder of the city, the duke of Zahringen.

Continuous Drawing of Glass

npHE old-style glass blower, of whom there were many, many thousands, is no more.

Machinery has been made that does all he used to do, nearly. Window glass is now drawn continually over suitable rolls and through a long horizontal oven called a lehr, which may be as much as 300 feet long. The speed at which the sheet is drawn controls the thickness. Plate glass is made similarly. It is ground with sand and emery on one side and then on the other, reducing the thickness of the plate about 50 percent. The polishing is done with rouge mixed with water. Bottle lehrs are about 60 feet long; the bottles emerge in one to two hours, depending on the thickness and other dimensions.

Cruelties to Animals in the Movies

A NTMALS in the movies are real sufferers.

Running horses are tripped by wires, thrown over the cliffs, and mutilated. Lions are forced to roar, by electric shocks from wire-meshed floors. Turpentine is injected into goats’ ears to make them dance. Dogs are stirred to activity by pepper under the tongue, or caustic sublimate on the neck, or alum in the nostrils. In “The Ten Commandments” four thousand animals were used, and many horses were lamed. In “Trader Horn” fights were fought in narrow compounds, where animals were roused to frenzy by hunger, thirst and knife thrusts.

Finns Suffer in Russia Borderlands

THERE are many thousands of Finns on the

Russian side of the boundary line between Russia and Finland. Three-fourths of these, so it is claimed, are now being sent to Siberia and Turkestan, their families being left helpless, and not permitted to accompany them. The excuse is that the Finns are intractable. An item is that Turkestan is growing rapidly in population and wealth and settlers are wanted.

Paris Subways as Gas Shelters

PARIS is rapidly providing her subways with air-proof doors and air compressors, with the hope of having bomb-proof and gas-proof shelters when the anticipated European war begins. The idea is to rush the people into the subways, stop the trains, and start the air compressors. How the Devil must laugh at it all.

Subterranean Paris

UNDER the city of Paris are hard rock and gypsum quarries, on two levels, aggregating about twenty miles in length. It is said that in event of gas attacks there is room in these chambers and tunnels for all the people of Paris and that a movement is now on foot to have them all gas-proofed.

Disobedience Nullifies Liberality and Worship

MANY people have the idea that if they give to God out of their abundance, and give with a willing heart, and if they bow in His presence and worship at His feet, they are acceptable in His sight. It is possible to do all this and yet to lose all.

“The cattle upon a thousand hills . . . are mine . . . : for the world is mine.” (Psalm 50: 10-12) When one gives to God he merely restores to the Rightful Owner a portion of that which is already His. “For all things come of thee, and of thine own have we given thee.”— 1 Chronicles 29:14.

Notice the disappointment of many worshipers, portrayed by the Lord himself in these words:

Many will say to me in that day, Lord, Lord [thus worshiping], have we not prophesied in thy name! and in thy name have cast out devils? and in thy name done many wonderful works? And then will I profess r.nto them, I never knew you: depart from me, ye that work iniquity. And every one that heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them not [is disobedient], shall be likened unto a foolish man, which built his house upon the sand: and the rain descended [in the 1 >ay of the Lord], and the floods came [sweeping away the refuge of lies], and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell: and great was the fall of it. —Matthew 7: 22, 23, 26, 27.

Things Written Aforetime

It is of interest to those that hope to be of the royal priesthood that they consider the family of the Jews’ typical high priest, Aaron. His name is variously understood to mean 'mountaineer’ and ‘enlightened’. If of the first origin the reference would seem to indicate his divine selection for the office which he filled. Jehovah God is the Great Mountain, the source from which flow all the streams of truth that refresh His people. The significance of the word ‘enlightened’ is similar. Jehovah God is the light of His people. “Thy word is ... a light unto my path.”—Psalm 119:105; 1 John 1:5.

Aaron's father was Amram; his grandfather was Kohath; and his great-grandfather was Levi, the third son of Jacob. Aaron’s wife was Elizabeth, daughter of Amminadab, granddaughter of Aram, great-granddaughter of Hezron, and great-great-granddaughter of Pharez, whose father, Judah, was the fourth son of Jacob.

The couple had four sons: Nadab, the name meaning ‘Liberal’; Abihu, meaning ‘Worshiper of God’ [Hebrew: ‘Father of Him’]; Eleazar, meaning ‘Whom God has helped’; Ithamar, meaning ‘Coast land [i.e., low, level, not high] of the palm tree [symbol of righteousness]’.

All four of these sons were named by Jehovah God as the underpriests of Aaron, or, as it were, the members of his body. They thus represented all who are anointed, and, as a matter of fact, it is declared that they were all anointed “to minister in the priest’s office”.—Exodus 28:1; Numbers 3:3.

Nadab and Abihu, the two elders of the four sons, had the best opportunities to be useful in the service of the Most High God, and they had, at the outset the greatest privileges of nearness to the divine presence. With Moses and Aaron and seventy of the elders of Israel they were privileged to see a manifestation of the glory of Jehovah God, and to eat and drink in His presence. Moses alone was privileged to come near to Jehovah’s feet; the other seventy-three were required to ‘worship afar off’; but it was nevertheless one of the grandest privileges ever accorded to any of the sons of men.—Exodus 24:1, 2, 9,10.

The Sin of Presumption

It is not true that Nadab means ‘self-acting’, as has been taught, or that Abihu means, or that Abihu represents, ‘a “great company” of partially faithful spirit-begotten ones’. There is no such thing as being partially faithful. These men represented the “man of sin” that is destroyed from before the Lord. They commit the sin of presumption.

Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous sins; let them not have dominion over me: then shall I be upright, and I shall be innocent from the great transgression.—Psalm 19:13.

There is a sin unto death: I do not say that he shall pray for it.—1 John 5:16.

The sense of the word Nadab may be gathered from the root word which is understood in the following passages. A few suggestions are added which may be of some interest or value to the student.

An offering of every man that giveth it willingly with his heart—Exodus 25:2.

And they came, every one whose heart stirred him up, and every one whom his spirit made willing, and they brought [Jehovah’s] offering to the work of the tabernacle of the congregation, and for all his service, and for the holy-garments. And they came, both men and women, as many as were willing hearted, and

brought bracelets, and earrings, and rings, and tablets, all jewels of gold.—Exodus 35: 21, 22.

And they brought yet unto him free offerings every morning.—Exodus 36: 3.

The people willingly offered themselves.-Judges 5:2.

The freewill offering of the people, and of the priests, offering willingly for the house of their God. —Ezra 7:16.

Then the people rejoiced, for that they offered willingly, because with perfect heart they offered willingly to [Jehovah].—1 Chronicles 29: 9.

And the congregation brought in sacrifices and thank offerings; and as many as were of a free heart, burnt offerings.—2 Chronicles 29: 31.

Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power. —Psalm 110: 3.

The vile person shall no more be called liberal.— Isaiah 32: 5.

The liberal deviseth liberal things; and by liberal things shall he stand.—Isaiah 32: 8.

Now when the prince [faithful prophets of old— Vindication, Book Three] shall prepare a voluntary burnt offering or peace offerings voluntarily unto [Jehovah], one shall then open him the gate that looketh toward the east.—Ezekiel 46:12.

It is sufficiently clear that Nadab) means ‘willing" in the sense of generous, liberal, free and noble. Indeed, in Israel’s song in the wilderness, the word is translated “nobles” in the passage where reference is made to the well which the generous-hearted dug for their fellows :

The princes digged the well, the nobles of the people digged it, by the direction of the lawgiver, with their staves.—Numbers 21:18.

The word is also translated “nobles” or “princes” in other passages.

The Transgression of Nadab and Abihu

In all the passages in which Nadab is mentioned Abihu also is mentioned. The honors which they shared in life and the dishonors which they bore in death were joint possessions. That Nadab means ‘generosity toward God’ in the matter of almsgiving seems not open to question, and that Abihu means ‘worshiper of God’ is held by all the lexicographers. What, then, is the significance of the names given beforehand to these children?

And Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, took either of them his censer, and put fire therein, and put incense thereon, and offered strange fire before [Jehovah], which he commanded them not. And there went out fire from [Jehovah], and devoured them; and they died before [Jehovah], . . . And Moses said unto Aaron, and unto Eleazar and unto Ithamar, his

sons, Uncover not your heads, neither rend your clothes; lest ye die, and lest wrath come upon all the people. ... Do not drink wine nor strong drink, thou, nor thy sons with thee, when ye go into the tabernacle of the congregation, lest ye die: it shall be a statute for ever throughout your generations.—Leviticus 10:1-9.                 "

The reasonable inference from the account is that these two men, the one representing prospective priests who trust in their gifts to the Lord’s cause, and the other those who trust in the fact that they believe certain things, and attend meetings and take part in memorial celebrations of the Lord’s death, and are otherwise “worshipers” of God, became intoxicated and disobedient, and were destroyed.

It is easy enough to get carried away with the thought that in contributing of one’s money one is doing all that should be required, or that in “worshiping” God one is doing all that should be required. In such an attitude of mind one could become intoxicated with the spirit of the world, and therefore with the spirit of the Devil, before realizing it.

Jehovah God will not have any divided hearts or hearts drunken with the spirit of the world. If any are to be of the royal priesthood, their hearts must be wholly undivided and must be wholly His. ‘Thou shalt love Jehovah thy God with all thy heart, mind, soul and strength.’— Luke 10:27.

And true love for God means true obedience to Him; and Nadab and Abihu were disobedient. They forsook the law of their mother.—Proverbs 6:20.

Consider, the Name Eleazar

Every mature child of God realizes that his hope is in God. This is fully borne out by the name Eleazar (‘Whom God has helped’), and the thought is presented in the Scriptures over and over again, in Hebrew words having the same root and the same meaning as the name of this third son of Aaron. Thus:

And the name of the other [second son of Moses] ■was Eliezer; for the God of my father, said he [Moses], was mine help, and delivered me from the sword of Pharaoh.—Exodus 18:4.

Be thou an help to him from his enemies.—Deuteronomy 33: 7.

[Jehovah] hear thee in the day of trouble; the name of the God of Jacob defend thee. Send thee help from the sanctuary, and strengthen thee out of Zion.— Psalm 20: 1, 2.

Be not thou far from me, 0 [Jehovah] : 0 my strength, haste thee to help me.—Psalm 22:19.

There is none like unto the God of Jeshurun, who rideth upon the heaven in thy help.—Deuteronomy 33:26.

Who is like unto thee, 0 people saved by [Jehovah], the shield of thy help.—Deuteronomy 33:29.

Our soul waiteth for [Jehovah]; he is our help and our shield.—Psalms 33: 20; 115: 9-11.

Make haste to help me, 0 Lord [Jehovah] my salvation.—Psalms 38:22; 40:13; 70:1; 71:12.

Arise for our help.—Psalm 44:26.

God is our refuge and strength, a very present help in trouble.—Psalm 46: 1.

Because thou hast been my help, therefore in the shadow of thy wings will I rejoice.—Psalm 63:7.

But I am poor and needy; make haste unto me, 0 God: thou art my help and my deliverer; 0 [Jehovah], make no tarrying.—Psalm 70: 5.

1 [Jehovah] have laid help upon one [Christ Jesus] that is mighty.—Psalm 89:19.

I will lift up mine eyes unto the hills, from whence cometh my help. My help cometh from [Jehovah], which made heaven and earth.—Psalm 121:1, 2.

Our help is in the name of [Jehovah], who made heaven and earth.—Psalm 124:8.

Happy is he that hath the God of Jacob for his help, whose hope is in [Jehovah] his God.—Psalm 146:5.

And what will ye [who decree unrighteous decrees] do in the day of visitation, and in the desolation which shall come from far? to whom will ye flee for help? and where will ye leave your glory ?—Isaiah 10:1-3.

Now Consider Eleazar’s Career

It may be fairly assumed that Eleazar was like his name, and that he was stunned when the sudden death of his two older brothers made him the logical successor of Aaron, his father, in the priesthood. It can be set down as certain that he was deeply moved when he was commissioned to gather up the censers of Korah, Dathan and Abiram and the 250 elders that perished in the rebellion of Korah, and plate the altar with them because they were devoted to the Lord. The manifest lesson is that what has been devoted to Jehovah belongs to Him, and not to any other person or thing.—Numbers 16:36-40.

Before the death of Nadab and Abihu, Eleazar was entrusted with “the oil for the light, and the sweet incense, and the daily meat offering, and the anointing oil, and the oversight of all the tabernacle, and of all that therein is, in the sanctuary, and in the vessels thereof”. (Numbers 4:16) There is every reason to know that he did with his might what his hands found to do and that he was wholly acceptable to Jehovah God.

When Aaron, his father, because of disobedience, was ordered up into the mountain to die before the Lord, Eleazar was sent along with him, and Moses stripped Aaron of his garments and put them upon Eleazar before Aaron died. This, too, must have been a great responsibility for Eleazar to bear.

Eleazar saw his son Phinehas commended by Jehovah God for his zeal in seeing that God's name was not dishonored, and he saw Phinehas promised that because of that he should have an everlasting priesthood. (Numbers 25:1-18) He was one of the three (Joshua and Caleb being the other two) that came out of Egypt and went into the Promised Land. With Joshua he divided the land among the people (Joshua 14:1); he acted as the spokesman for Jehovah God.—Numbers 27:19-22.

And, finally, as a mark of the express approval of Jehovah God, that his days might be long in the land which God gave to him and to the others with him, he seems to have been the last survivor of those who came out of Egypt, the announcement of his death following that of Joshua, and constituting the last verse of the book which bears the name of that faithful man of God.

And Now About Ithamar

Ithamar’s name, signifying the dow-Iying palm-tree-bearing coast lands’, contains the thought of faithfulness in a less conspicuous place in Jehovah’s organization, but faithfulness none the less. For a summary of the important work entrusted to Ithamar before the death of Nadab and Abihu, see Numbers 4:28-33. In general, it may be said that he was responsible for the transport of all the tabernacle equipment, and it may be assumed that he was faithful to the task entrusted to him.

Though it is true that one of his posterity, Eli, was deprived of the priesthood, it was after Samuel’s long life had passed, and David’s reign of forty years was ending (probably more than a hundred years all together), that both the priestly houses of Eleazar and Ithamar are mentioned together, as if both were still acceptable to the Lord.

When the twenty-four courses of the priesthood were arranged “there were more chief men found of the sons of Eleazar than of the sons of Ithamar; and thus were they divided: among the sons of Eleazar there were sixteen chief men of the house of their fathers, and eight among the sons of Ithamar, according to the house of their fathers. Thus were they divided by lot, one sort with another; for the governors of the sanctuary, and governors of the house of God, were of the sons of Eleazar, and of the sons of Ithamar.”—1 Chronicles 24:4, 5.

The palm tree, recognized in Ithamar’s name, has a prominent place in God’s Word. There is reference to the seventy palm trees at Elim (Exodus 15:27), the palm branches used at the feast of tabernacles (Leviticus 23:40), and the promise that “the righteous shall flourish like the palm tree”. (Psalm 92:12) Palm decorations were plentiful in Solomon’s temple and in the temple seen in Ezekiel's vision.

On His triumphal entry into Jerusalem “much people that were come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna! Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of [Jehovah]”. —John 12:12,13.

And, finally, the great multitude are represented as greeting earth’s new King with palms in their hands. (Revelation 7:9,10) As there were more of the house of Eleazar than of the house of Ithamar, it might seem acceptable that Eleazar would nicely represent the Mordecai-Naomi class of the priesthood and Ithamar the Esther-Ruth class.

In any event, it is certain that Nadab and Abihu represent the “evil servant” class that, despite their apparent generosity and apparent attendance upon meetings and the like, are disobedient, careless, drunken with the spirit of the world, and are unfaithful to the high office to which they were called. Their disobedience nullifies their liberality and their worship. For “it is required in stewards, that a man be found faithful”.—1 Corinthians 4: 2.

“Every devoted thing is most holy unto [Jehovah].” (Leviticus 27: 28) It must be used, and used up, for the purpose for which it was set apart. No one may trifle with, or alter, the promises he has made to Jehovah God.

DOESN’T it thrill you to know that there is a great multitude of people of good will now living upon the earth who will take their stand on the side of Jehovah God and receive the blessing of life everlasting? (Rev. 7:9) Are you one of that great multitude? Will these take their stand on God's side now or after the battle of Armageddon ? What must one do to be of that company and gain God’s approval?

These and many other vitally important questions are answered in an article starting in the August 15 issue of The Watchtower which is entitled “Gathering the Multitude”. If you are not yet a reader of 77/e Watchtower, why not start your subscription with this issue ? There isn't a magazine published on earth that contains more important information. The Watchtower is a 16-page journal published twice a month devoted exclusively to helping the people to know Jehovah God and His purposes as expressed in the Bible. Write for a free sample copy of The Watchtower; or better still, fill out the coupon below and start your subscription at once.

The Watch Tower, 117 Adams St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

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How Marv? of These Have You?

Most of the Golden Age readers have read some of Judge Rutherford’s many books and booklets. However, maybe there are some you don't know about. For your convenience we are listing in the coupon below the titles of the books and booklets we have in stock. If you have read any of these it is unnecessary for us to tell you how good they are. It is sufficient to say that the others are just as thrilling and heart-cheering, and every person of good will will want to read and study all of them. Over two hundred million of these books and booklets by Judge Rutherford are in circulation throughout the earth, in more than sixty languages.

The Watch Tower, 117 Adams St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

Kindly send me the publications checked below:

Bound Books (360 or more pages each, beautifully illustrated) :

□	The Harp of God	□	Prophecy	□		Vindication, Book 3
□	Deliverance	□	Light, Book	1	□	Preservation
□	Creation	□	Light, Book	2	□	Preparation
□	Reconciliation	□	Vindication,	Book 1	□	Jehovah
□	Government	□	Vindication,	Book 2	□	Riches
	Mailed anywhere, postpaid, on a			contribution	of	25c each.

Booklets (64 pages each):

□ Choosing Riches or Ruin □ Loyalty	□ Escape to the Kingdom □ The Crisis
□ Government Hiding the Truth: Why	□ The Kingdom, Hope of the World
□ Universal War Near	□ Who Is God?
□ Favored People	□ What Is Truth?
□ Who Shall Rule the World?	□ Cause of Death
□ His Vengeance	□ Hereafter
□ Supremacy	□ Good News
□ Angels	□ Liberty
□ Righteous Ruler	□ The Final War
□ Beyond the Grave	□ What You Need
□ His Works	□ Health and Life
□ World Recovery	□ Home and Happiness
□ Intolerance	□ Keys of Heaven
□ Dividing the People	□ Where Are the Dead?

Each, 5c; 6 for 25c; 13 for 50c; mailed anywhere postpaid.

to aid in spreading the good news of God's kingdom.

Name ...................................................

Street ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

City and State ........................................................................................................................................................................................................

Special Note: The above is a list of books and booklets available in English. If you desire them in another language, please write to us for a list of publications in that particular language.